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Psylloidea Genera
Psylloidea is a Taxonomic rank, superfamily of Hemiptera, true bugs, including the jumping plant louse, jumping plant lice and others which have recently been classified as distinct families. Though the group first appeared during the Early Jurassic, modern members of the group do not appear until the Eocene, and Mesozoic members of the order are usually assigned to the possibly Paraphyly, paraphyletic family Liadopsyllidae. Families The following Extant taxon, extant families are included:Burckhardt D, Ouvrard D, Percy DM (2021) An updated classification of the jumping plant-lice (Hemiptera: Psylloidea) integrating molecular and morphological evidence. ''European Journal of Taxonomy'' 736: 137–182DOI/ref> # Aphalaridae (includes Phacopteronidae, now a subfamily) # Calophyidae # Carsidaridae (includes Homotominae) # Liviidae # Mastigimatidae # Psyllidae # Triozidae In addition, the following extinct families are recognised: * †Liadopsyllidae * †Malmopsyllidae * †Neop ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Psylla Alni
''Psylla alni'' is a species of Psyllidae, psyllid, a plant-feeding Hemiptera, hemipteran in the family Psyllidae. It is the type species of ''Psylla'', which is the type genus in its family. Distribution This species is present in the Palearctic realm (from Europe to Siberia and Sakhalin, Kazakhstan, Caucasus) and in the Nearctic realm (Canada and United States of America). Description ''Psylla alni'' can reach a body length of about . These rather large psyllids have a green head, body, and legs, and rather long antennae. The costal marginal veins of the wings are green, while the other veins are brown. Adults are initially green, later becoming orange, brown, or reddish. The nymphs are usually covered by white waxy secretions. In the 5th preimaginal stage nymphs can reach a length of about . Biology Adults can be found from June to October. This species has one generation a year (Voltinism, univoltine) and overwinters as an egg. It is monophagous on most Betulaceae (''Alnu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mastigimatidae
Calophyidae is a bug family in the superfamily Psylloidea. Subfamilies and genera In a recent (2021) review,Burckhardt D, Ouvrard D, Percy DM (2021) An updated classification of the jumping plant-lice (Hemiptera: Psylloidea) integrating molecular and morphological evidence. ''European Journal of Taxonomy'' 736: 137–182DOI/ref> the following subfamilies were confirmed: Atmetocraniinae Authority: Becker-Migdisova, 1973; distribution: Australia, New Zealand # '' Atmetocranium'' Calophyinae Authority: Vondráček, 1957; synonyms: Microceropsyllini , Strogylocephalidae # '' Calophya'' – type genus (syn. ''Calophya (Neocalophya), Holotrioza, Microceropsylla, Paracalophya, Pelmatobrachia'') # '' Pseudoglycaspis'' # '' Strogylocephala'' (syn. ''Synaphalara'') Metapsyllinae Authority: Kwon, 1983; distribution: Asia # '' Metapsylla'' Symphorosinae Authority: Li, 2002 # '' Symphorosus'' ;Note: * '' Allophorina'' is now assigned to the Psyllidae: Platycoryphinae; * '' Cecid ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Trioza Aguacate
''Trioza'' is the type genus of sap-sucking bugs in the family Triozidae; it has a world-wide distribution. Species The Global Biodiversity Information Facility lists:Global Biodiversity Information Facility: ''Trioza'' Förster, 1848 (retrieved 3 February 2025) # '' Trioza abdominalis'' # '' Trioza achilleae'' # '' Trioza acuminata'' # '' Trioza acuminatissima'' # '' [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Avocado
The avocado, alligator pear or avocado pear (''Persea americana'') is an evergreen tree in the laurel family (Lauraceae). It is native to Americas, the Americas and was first domesticated in Mesoamerica more than 5,000 years ago. It was prized for its large and unusually Avocado oil, oily fruit. The tree likely originated in the highlands bridging south-central Mexico and Guatemala. Avocado trees have a native growth range from Mexico to Costa Rica. Its fruit, sometimes also referred to as an alligator pear or avocado pear, is botanically a large Berry (botany), berry containing a single large seed. Sequencing of its genome showed that the evolution of avocados was shaped by polyploidy events and that commercial varieties have a Hybrid (biology), hybrid origin. Avocado trees are partly Self-pollination, self-pollinating, and are often Plant propagation, propagated through grafting to maintain consistent fruit output. Avocados are presently cultivated in the tropical and Medi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Trioza Perseae
''Trioza'' is the type genus of sap-sucking bugs in the family Triozidae; it has a world-wide distribution. Species The Global Biodiversity Information Facility lists:Global Biodiversity Information Facility: ''Trioza'' Förster, 1848 (retrieved 3 February 2025) # '' Trioza abdominalis'' # '' Trioza achilleae'' # '' Trioza acuminata'' # '' Trioza acuminatissima'' # '' [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Afrotropical Realm
The Afrotropical realm is one of the Earth's eight biogeographic realms. It includes Sub-Saharan Africa, the southern Arabian Peninsula, the island of Madagascar, and the islands of the western Indian Ocean. It was formerly known as the Ethiopian Zone or Ethiopian Region. Major ecological regions Most of the Afrotropical realm, except for Africa's southern tip, has a tropics, tropical climate. A broad belt of deserts, including the Atlantic coastal desert, Atlantic and Sahara deserts of northern Africa and the Arabian Desert of the Arabian Peninsula, separates the Afrotropic from the Palearctic realm, which includes northern Africa and temperate Eurasia. Sahel and Sudan South of the Sahara, two belts of tropical and subtropical grasslands, savannas, and shrublands, tropical grassland and savanna run east and west across the continent, from the Atlantic Ocean to the Ethiopian Highlands. Immediately south of the Sahara lies the Sahel belt, a transitional zone of semi-arid sho ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Trioza Erytreae
''Trioza erytreae'', the African citrus psyllid, is a sap-sucking insect, a hemipteran bug in the family Triozidae. It is an important pest of citrus, being one of only two known vectors of the serious citrus disease, '' huanglongbing'' or citrus greening disease. It is widely distributed in Africa. The other vector is the Asian citrus psyllid, '' Diaphorina citri''.EPPO Distribution The citrus psyllid is found in Cameroon, Comoros, the Congo, Eswatini, Ethiopia, Kenya, Madagascar, Malawi, Mauritius, Réunion, Rwanda, South Africa, St. Helena, Sudan, Tanzania, Uganda, Zambia, and Zimbabwe. It is also found in Saudi Arabia, Yemen, and the Macaronesian archipelagos of Madeira and the Canary islands. It is sensitive to hot, dry conditions and favours cool, moist areas 500 m above sea level. ...[...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Liberobacter Asiaticum
''Liberibacter'' is a genus of Gram-negative bacteria in the Rhizobiaceae family. Detection of the liberibacteria is based on PCR amplification of their 16S rRNA gene with specific primers. Members of the genus are plant pathogens mostly transmitted by psyllids. The genus was originally spelled ''Liberobacter''. Most importantly, ''Liberibacter'' is a causative agent of Huanglongbing disease (HLB) also known as citrus greening disease. ''Liberibacter'' is transmitted by two insects from Psyllidae family – '' Diaphorina citri'' in Asia, Brazil and Florida, and ''Trioza erytreae'' in Africa. The Asian HLB strain, "''Candidatus'' Liberibacter asiaticus" is more heat tolerant, while the African strain, ''Candidatus'' Liberibacter africanus is asymptomatic at temperatures above 30 °C. Species of ''Liberibacter'', infecting solanaceous plants has been identified and it was carried by another psyllid, a potato pest ''Bactericera cockerelli''. Genomes The genetic diversity w ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Citrus
''Citrus'' is a genus of flowering trees and shrubs in the family Rutaceae. Plants in the genus produce citrus fruits, including important crops such as oranges, mandarins, lemons, grapefruits, pomelos, and limes. ''Citrus'' is native to South Asia, East Asia, Southeast Asia, Melanesia, and Australia. Indigenous people in these areas have used and domesticated various species since ancient times. Its cultivation first spread into Micronesia and Polynesia through the Austronesian expansion (–1500 BCE). Later, it was spread to the Middle East and the Mediterranean () via the incense trade route, and from Europe to the Americas. Renowned for their highly fragrant aromas and complex flavor, citrus are among the most popular fruits in cultivation. With a propensity to hybridize between species, making their taxonomy complicated, there are numerous varieties encompassing a wide range of appearance and fruit flavors. Evolution Evolutionary history The large cit ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Diaphorina Citri
''Diaphorina citri'', the Asian citrus psyllid, is a sap-sucking, hemipteran bug now in the taxonomic family Liviidae. It is one of two confirmed vectors of citrus greening disease. It has a wide distribution in southern Asia and has spread to other citrus growing regions. Distribution The Asian citrus psyllid originated in Asia but it is now also found in parts of the Middle East, South and Central America, Mexico, and the Caribbean. In the United States, the psyllid was first detected in Florida in 1998 and is now also found in Louisiana, Georgia, Arizona, South Carolina, Texas, and since 2003 in California. In Southern California, the San Joaquin Valley, and Central Coast counties, such as San Luis Obispo, an eradication program has been instituted in an attempt to prevent it from becoming established. In the whole of the United States and its territories, areas where this psyllid are found are under quarantine restrictions. Description The adult psyllid is about four mil ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
