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Proteidae
The family (biology), family Proteidae is a group of aquatic Salamander, salamanders found today in the Balkan Peninsula and North America. The range of the genus ''Necturus'' (commonly known as waterdogs or mudpuppies) runs from southern central Canada, through the midwestern United States, east to North Carolina and south to Georgia and Mississippi. The range of the olm, the only extant member of the genus ''Proteus'', is limited to the Western Balkans. The fossil record of the family extends back to the Late Cretaceous, with ''Paranecturus'' being known from the Maastrichtian of North America, and ''Bishara (salamander), Bishara'' from the Santonian-Campanian of Central Asia. Taxonomy Proteidae, is divided into two extant taxon, extant genera, ''Necturus'' with five North American species, and ''Olm, Proteus'' with one extant European species, the olm. A number of extinct genera are known extending back to the end of the Late Cretaceous. Family Proteidae * Genus ''Nectu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Necturus
''Necturus'' is a genus of aquatic salamanders in the family Proteidae. Species of the genus are native to the eastern United States and Canada. They are commonly known as waterdogs and mudpuppies. The common mudpuppy ''(N. maculosus)'' is probably the best-known species – as an amphibian with gill slits, it is often dissected in comparative anatomy classes. The common mudpuppy has the largest distribution of any fully aquatic salamander in North America. Taxonomy The genus ''Necturus'' is under scrutiny by herpetologists. The relationship between the species is still being studied. In 1991, Collins recommended ''N. maculosus louisianensis'' be elevated to full species status as ''N. louisianensis''. Originally described by Viosca as a species, it is usually considered a subspecies of the common mudpuppy (''N. maculosus''). However, the interpretation of Collins was not largely followed. Petranka, J.W. (1998). ''Salamanders of the United States and Canada''. Washington, D ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Apalachicola Waterdog
The Apalachicola waterdog (''Necturus moleri'') is a species of aquatic salamander in the family Proteidae. It is Endemism, endemic to the south-eastern United States. Taxonomy It was formerly thought to be a lineage of the Gulf Coast waterdog (''N. beyeri''), but a 2020 analysis found sufficient morphological and genetic divergence for it to be considered its own species, and it was thus described as its own species, ''N. moleri'' (alongside the Escambia waterdog, ''N. mounti''). The Binomial nomenclature, specific epithet honors American herpetologist Paul E. Moler. Distribution It is found in southeastern Alabama, the Florida Panhandle, Panhandle of Florida, and southwestern to north-central Georgia (U.S. state), Georgia. It is found in the Apalachicola River, Apalachicola, Chipola River, Chipola, Choctawhatchee River, Choctawhatchee/Pea River, Pea, Econfina River State Park, Econfina, and Ochlockonee River, Ochlockonee Drainage basin, river basins. Description In cont ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Western Waterdog
The western waterdog (''Necturus beyeri'') is a species of aquatic salamander in the family Proteidae. It is endemic to the deep South, where it occurs in Alabama, Louisiana, Mississippi, and Texas. Taxonomy This may be a species complex that could be split into different taxa as research indicates;NatureServe. 2015''Necturus beyeri''.NatureServe Explorer Version 7.1. Retrieved 25 June 2016. the Apalachicola (''N. moleri'') and Escambia (''N. mounti'') waterdogs were split from this species in 2020; previously, they were all grouped together as the Gulf Coast waterdog. It is closely related to '' Necturus alabamensis''.IUCN SSC Amphibian Specialist Group. 2014''Necturus beyeri''.The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2014. Retrieved 25 June 2016. Studies indicate that as currently defined, it comprises four lineages: the "Mobile" lineage (ranging from the Mobile River to the Biloxi River), the "Pearl" lineage (ranging from the Wolf River to the Pearl River), the "Pontcha ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Necturus Maculosus
The common mudpuppy (''Necturus maculosus'') is a species of salamander in the Family (biology), family Proteidae. It lives an entirely aquatic lifestyle in parts of North America in lakes, rivers, and ponds. It goes through paedomorphosis and retains its external gills. Because skin and lung respiration alone is not sufficient for gas exchange, the common mudpuppy must rely on external gills as its primary means of gas exchange. It is usually a rusty brown color and can grow to an average total length (including tail) of .Carl Gans, Gans, C., and Ronald Archie Nussbaum, R.A. Nussbaum (1981). "The Mudpuppy". pp. 108–141. ''In'': Wessells, Norman K., and Elizabeth M. Center (editors) (1981). ''Vertebrates, a Laboratory Text, Second Edition''. Los Altos, California: W. Kaufmann. It is a nocturnal creature, and is active during the day only if the water in which it lives is murky. Its diet consists of almost anything it can get into its mouth, including insects, mollusks, and earthw ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Escambia Waterdog
The Escambia waterdog (''Necturus mounti'') is a species of aquatic salamander in the family Proteidae. It is endemic to the southeastern United States. Taxonomy It was formerly thought to be a lineage of the Gulf Coast waterdog (''N. beyeri''), but a 2020 analysis found sufficient morphological and genetic divergence for it to be considered its own species, and it was thus described as its own species, ''N. mounti'' (alongside the Apalachicola waterdog, ''N. moleri''). The specific epithet honors American herpetologist Robert H. Mount. Distribution and habitat It is found in southern Alabama and the Panhandle of Florida. It is found in the Blackwater, Escambia/Conecuh, Perdido, and Yellow river basins A drainage basin is an area of land in which all flowing surface water converges to a single point, such as a river mouth, or flows into another body of water, such as a lake or ocean. A basin is separated from adjacent basins by a perimeter, th .... Juveniles tend to ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Common Mudpuppy
The common mudpuppy (''Necturus maculosus'') is a species of salamander in the family Proteidae. It lives an entirely aquatic lifestyle in parts of North America in lakes, rivers, and ponds. It goes through paedomorphosis and retains its external gills. Because skin and lung respiration alone is not sufficient for gas exchange, the common mudpuppy must rely on external gills as its primary means of gas exchange. It is usually a rusty brown color and can grow to an average total length (including tail) of . Gans, C., and R.A. Nussbaum (1981). "The Mudpuppy". pp. 108–141. ''In'': Wessells, Norman K., and Elizabeth M. Center (editors) (1981). ''Vertebrates, a Laboratory Text, Second Edition''. Los Altos, California: W. Kaufmann. It is a nocturnal creature, and is active during the day only if the water in which it lives is murky. Its diet consists of almost anything it can get into its mouth, including insects, mollusks, and earthworms (as well as other annelids). Once a female co ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Salamander
Salamanders are a group of amphibians typically characterized by their lizard-like appearance, with slender bodies, blunt snouts, short limbs projecting at right angles to the body, and the presence of a tail in both larvae and adults. All ten extant salamander families are grouped together under the order Urodela, the sole surviving order from the group Caudata. ''Urodela'' is a scientific Latin term based on the Ancient Greek : ourà dēlē "conspicuous tail". ''Caudata'' is the Latin for "tailed ones", from : "tail". Salamander diversity is highest in eastern North America, especially in the Appalachian Mountains; most species are found in the Holarctic realm, with some species present in the Neotropical realm. Salamanders never have more than four toes on their front legs and five on their rear legs, but some species have fewer digits and others lack hind limbs. Their permeable skin usually makes them reliant on habitats in or near water or other cool, damp places. So ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dwarf Waterdog
The dwarf waterdog (''Necturus punctatus'') is an aquatic salamander endemic to the Eastern United States. It is the smallest member of the family Proteidae. Description This species is usually between long. It has bushy, narrow gills and a compressed tail. All feet have four toes. The salamander is uniform slate gray to brown or dark olive dorsally and dirty white ventrally. Most individuals have no dorsal spots; when the dorsal spots are present, the venter is unspotted (unlike in '' Necturus lewisi'', which is also a larger species). Juveniles are uniformly brown dorsally (as opposed to striped, as in other juvenile ''Necturus''). Geographic range ''Necturus punctatus'' is found on the Atlantic coastal plain and the Piedmont of the eastern United States, from southeastern Virginia to southcentral Georgia. Populations further west into Alabama and Florida Florida ( ; ) is a U.S. state, state in the Southeastern United States, Southeastern region of the United States. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Orthophyia Longa
''Orthophyia longa'' is a prehistoric proteid salamander from the Miocene of Germany. The only known specimen is now lost. See also * List of prehistoric amphibian genera This list of prehistoric amphibians is an attempt to create a comprehensive listing of all genera from the fossil record that have ever been considered to be amphibians, excluding purely vernacular terms. The list includes all commonly accepted gen ... References Prehistoric amphibian genera Miocene amphibians Proteidae Neogene amphibians of Europe Fossil taxa described in 1845 {{paleo-salamander-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Red River Mudpuppy
The Red River mudpuppy (''Necturus maculosus louisianensis''), also called Louisiana waterdog or Red River waterdog, is a subspecies of aquatic salamander in the family Proteidae. Taxonomy Most taxonomic authorities currently hen?consider this salamander to be a subspecies of the common mudpuppy (''N. maculosus''): ''N. maculosus louisianensis'', or the Red River mudpuppy. The Red River waterdog was proposed as a separate species from the common mudpuppy by Collins in 1991, but supporting data was lacking. Petranka (1998) and Crother (2017) both treated this fully aquatic salamander as a subspecies. Phylogenetic and morphological analyses conducted by Chabbaria ''et al.'' 2018, suggested two distinct lineages of ''N. maculosus'' in the Great Lakes and Mississippi River, and similar results were obtained from analyses of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) samples from the upper Midwest, Great Lakes, and New England by Greenwald ''et al.'' 2020. Geographic range It is found in southeas ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
