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Prasiolales
Prasiolales is an order (biology), order of green algae in the Class (biology), class Trebouxiophyceae. Members of this order are ecologically widespread and are found in freshwater, marine, and terrestrial habitats from the Arctic to the Antarctic. Morphological features include a single stellate, axial chloroplast with a central pyrenoid. The ultrastructure of Prasiolales is unique and includes cells with four flagella, with their basal flagellar apparatuses in a counterclockwise orientation. For a long time, its placement was uncertain and debated between Ulvophyceae and Trebouxiophyceae (also known as Pleurastrophyceae). Molecular data, however, have robustly supported its placement in the latter class. Traditionally the order contained a single family, Prasiolaceae. Molecular phylogenetics studies have found that coccoid algae of very simple morphology, such as ''Stichococcus'', also belong to this order. Genera of uncertain placement to family include: *''Edaphochlorella'' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Prasiolaceae
Prasiolaceae is a family (biology), family of green algae in the order Prasiolales. Members of this family are found in freshwater, terrestrial, and marine habitats. Algae in the family Prasiolaceae consist of thalli with blades a single cell thick (i.e. monostromatic). Vegetative cells are polygonal with two to four cells arranged within a parent cell wall. Each cell has a single, stellate chloroplast and a central pyrenoid. Traditionally, it was the only family in the order Prasiolales. However, molecular phylogenetics have shown that additional algae with simple morphologies, such as ''Stichococcus'', also belong to the same clade as this family. Phylogeny Molecular phylogenetic studies suggest the following relationships: Another, older study places ''Prasionella'' as sister to ''Rosenvingiella''. The above cladogram excludes the genus ''Schizogonium'', which is taxonomically problematic and likely a synonym of ''Rosenvingiella''. References Trebouxiophyceae f ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Trebouxiophyceae
The Trebouxiophyceae, also known as trebouxiophytes, are a class of green algae, in the division Chlorophyta. Members of this class are single-celled, colonial, or multicellular and are found in freshwater, terrestrial or marine habitats worldwide. Many taxa in the Trebouxiophyceae form symbiotic relationships with other organisms; in particular, the majority of phycobionts within lichens are trebouxiophytes. A number of taxa have also lost the ability to photosynthesize, and have evolved to become parasitic; examples include '' Prototheca'' and '' Helicosporidium''. Trebouxiophyceae was originally defined by ultrastructural characteristics, but is now generally circumscribed based on phylogenetics, particularly based on the 18S rDNA locus. As of 2024, Trebouxiophyceae contains 211 genera and about 925 species. Morphology Members of the Trebouxiophyceae are microscopic or macroscopic organisms which exist in a variety of forms: non-flagellate coccoid or elliptical single cells ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Stichococcus
''Stichococcus'' is a genus of green algae in the family Stichococcaceae. It is a very common algal genus found in a variety of habitats, such as tree trunks, soil, snow, freshwater and marine habitats. One species, '' Stichococcus bacillaris'' is economically important as it produces fatty acids useful for biofuels. The name ''Stichococcus'' originates from the Ancient Greek στίχος (''stíkhos'', "row, line") and κόκκος (''kókkos'', "seed" or "berry"). Description ''Stichococcus'' consists of solitary cells or uniseriate filaments of few cells (2 to 4) that readily break apart. The cells are cylindrical, about three times longer than wide, straight or sometimes curved, with rounded ends often containing vacuoles. Cells are uninucleate with one thin, parietal chloroplast with or without a pyrenoid. Pyrenoids if present are located in the middle of the chloroplast but usually difficult to see. Reproduction occurs by vegetative cell division, and by the fragmentation ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Koliellaceae
Koliellaceae is a family of green algae in the order Prasiolales. Koliellaceae was circumscribed by František Hindák in 1996 to include various green algae that reproduce mainly by simple cell division. Cells are solitary or found in small colonies or filaments. Cells are cylindrical to spherical, with or without a layer of mucilage. The cell wall may be smooth or covered with granulations. Cells contain a single, parietal chloroplast with or without a pyrenoid. Reproduction is typically by cell division into two equally sized cells; however, aplanospores or zoospores may be formed occasionally. Sexual reproduction is oogamous. The taxonomy of this family is problematic because molecular phylogenetics have shown the type genus ''Koliella'' is polyphyletic. The type species of ''Koliella'', ''Koliella spiculiformis, K. spiculiformis'', forms a clade that is closely related to ''Chlorella''; meanwhile, most other species of ''Koliella'' and ''Raphidonema'' are part of a clade inc ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Koliella
''Koliella'' is a genus of green algae in the order Prasiolales. Members of this genus are found in freshwater plankton, but some are also found on snow and ice. The genus name of ''Koliella'' is in honour of Erszébet (Elizabet) Kol (1897-1980), who was a Hungarian botanist (Mycology and Algology), who worked at the Hungarian National Museum in Budapest. The genus was circumscribed by František Hindák in Nova Hedwigia vol.6 (issues 1/2) on page 99 in 1963. Description ''Koliella'' consists of straight or curved spindle-shaped or needle-shaped cells. The apices may be rounded, obtuse, acute, or sharply pointed. Cells contain a single parietal chloroplast lining the inside of the cell, which may be straight or spiraled; a pyrenoid may be present or absent. Oil droplets are also present within the cell. ''Koliella'' reproduces vegetatively by cell division; cells usually detach after division, but may occasionally be found in short chains. It is similar to a number of fusiform ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Raphidonema (alga)
''Raphidonema'' is a genus of filamentous green alga comprising five species. It is a member of the Trebouxiophyceae. ''Raphidonema'' is widely distributed in freshwater habitats, especially snow, where it can impart a green discoloration to the snow. Description ''Raphidonema'' consists of free-floating filaments of cells, ranging from 2 to 32 cells, which may be straight or slightly curved. Interjacent cells are cylindrical, while cells at the ends taper to a point. The cell membrane is very thin and lacks a mucilaginous sheath. A single chloroplast is present in each cell, girdle- or band-shaped, lacking a pyrenoid Pyrenoids are sub-cellular phase-separated micro-compartments found in chloroplasts of many algae,Giordano, M., Beardall, J., & Raven, J. A. (2005). CO2 concentrating mechanisms in algae: mechanisms, environmental modulation, and evolution. ''An .... Reproduction occurs asexually via the vegetative division (mitosis) of cells within filaments. Taxonomy ''Raph ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pseudochlorella
''Pseudochlorella'' is a genus of green algae in the family Koliellaceae. Species , AlgaeBase AlgaeBase is a global species database of information on all groups of algae, both seaweed, marine and freshwater algae, freshwater, as well as sea-grass. History AlgaeBase began in March 1996, founded by Michael D. Guiry, Michael Guiry. Text ... accepts three species: * '' Pseudochlorella pringsheimii'' (Shihar & Krauss) Darienko & al. * '' Pseudochlorella pyrenoidosa'' (Zeitler) J.W.G.Lund * '' Pseudochlorella signiensis'' (Friedl & O'Kelly) Darienko & Pröschold References Trebouxiophyceae genera Prasiolales {{green algae-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Desmococcus (alga)
''Desmococcus'' is a genus of green algae in the family Stichococcaceae. It is a subaerial genus of algae with a cosmopolitan distribution. Algae in the genus ''Desmococcus'' were first named in 1777 by J.C.D. von Schreber, who thought it was a lichen and named it ''Lichen viridis''. After being redescribed in various other genera such as ''Pleurococcus'' or '' Protococcus'', the genus was described in 1925 by F. Brand with ''D. vulgaris'' as its type. The type species is '' Desmococcus olivaceus''. Molecular data show that ''Desmococcus'' is closely related to ''Stichococcus'' and related genus, a common genus of algae with rod-shaped cells. ''Desmococcus'' differs from ''Stichococcus'' and its congeners in morphology (having sarcinoid colonies or short branched filaments, and the ability to produce zoospores). Description ''Desmococcus'' consists of cells found in cuboidal packets (sarcinoid habit) or short branched uniseriate filaments. Cells are uninucleate with a single, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Prasiola Stipitata
''Prasiola stipitata'' is a small green alga of the family Praiolaceae. This species has been recorded in Iceland, the Faroe Islands, on the Atlantic coasts of North America and Europe as well as on the coasts of Australia and New Zealand. It inhabits cold temperature high-nutrient habitats. Description This alga grows to no more than 1 centimeter long, is fan shaped with a distinct stipe. The vegetative frond is monostromatic. The cells in the blade are arranged in packets of 4 or more. In colour the fronds are dark green.Burrows, E.M. 1991. ''Seaweeds of the British Isles Volume 2 Chlorophyta.'' Natural History Museum, London Habitat ''P. stipitata'' thrives in high-nutrient habitats and is therefore often found in the spray water zone of shores frequented by sea birds. Distribution Rather erratic in its distribution. Recorded mostly from cold-temperate regions on both hemispheres, e.g. Iceland, the Faroes, Atlantic coasts of North America and Europe, including Great Britain ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Diplosphaera
''Diplosphaera'' is a genus of green algae The green algae (: green alga) are a group of chlorophyll-containing autotrophic eukaryotes consisting of the phylum Prasinodermophyta and its unnamed sister group that contains the Chlorophyta and Charophyta/ Streptophyta. The land plants ... in the family Stichococcaceae. References Trebouxiophyceae genera Prasiolales {{Green algae-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gloeocystis Polydermatica
''Gloeocystis'' is a genus of green algae in the family Radiococcaceae Radiococcaceae is a family of green algae in the order Sphaeropleales. Genera , AlgaeBase accepted the following genera: *'' Catenococcus'' F.Hindák *'' Chlororustica'' Shin Watanbe, N.Mezaki & Tatsuya Suzuki *'' Coenobotrys'' I.Kostikov, T.D .... References Sphaeropleales genera Sphaeropleales {{Chlorophyceae-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |