|
Phrynophiurida
The Phrynophiurida (formerly called Euryalae) are an order of brittle star Brittle stars, serpent stars, or ophiuroids (; ; referring to the serpent-like arms of the brittle star) are echinoderms in the class Ophiuroidea, closely related to starfish. They crawl across the sea floor using their flexible arms for locomot ...s containing the basket stars. Characteristics Phrynophiurida have bursae for gas exchange and excretion. Their ventral arm shields are rudimentary, and dorsal shields usually absent. Arms sometimes are branched, and can coil vertically. The vertebrae are joined by hourglass-shaped surfaces. The madreporite is on the oral surface. Digestive glands are confined to central disc. The integument is leathery, bearing calcareous granules or platelets. They generally live in deep-sea waters, coiling their arms on branched black coral. Systematics The Asteronychidae have a large disk and slender arms, and the Asteroschematidae have a small disk and stout arms. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Euryalina
The Euryalina are a suborder of brittle stars, which includes large species with either branching arms (called "basket stars") or long and curling arms (called "snake stars"). It is sometimes listed as the order Euryalida. Characteristics Many of the species in this order have characteristic repeatedly branched arms (a shape known as "basket stars", which includes most Gorgonocephalidae and two species in the family Euryalidae), while the other species have very long and curling arms, and go rather by the name of "snake stars" (mostly abyssal species). Many of them live in deep sea habitats or cold waters, though some basket stars can be seen at night in shallow tropical reefs. Most young basket stars live on specific type of coral. In the wild they may live up to 35 years. They weigh up to Like other echinoderms, basket stars lack blood and achieve gas exchange via their water vascular system. The basket stars are the largest ophiuroids with '' Gorgonocephalus stimpson ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Asteronychidae
Asteronychidae is a family of echinoderms An echinoderm () is any animal of the phylum Echinodermata (), which includes starfish, brittle stars, sea urchins, sand dollars and sea cucumbers, as well as the sessile sea lilies or "stone lilies". While bilaterally symmetrical as larv ... belonging to the order Euryalida. Genera: * '' Asteronyx'' Müller & Troschel, 1842 * '' Astrodia'' Verrill, 1899 * '' Astronebris'' Downey, 1967 * '' Lillithaster'' Thuy, Numberger-Thuy & Jagt, 2018 * '' Ophioschiza'' H.L.Clark, 1911 References Echinoderm families Phrynophiurida {{Ophiuroidea-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Asteroschematidae
The Euryalina are a suborder of brittle stars, which includes large species with either branching arms (called "basket stars") or long and curling arms (called "snake stars"). It is sometimes listed as the order Euryalida. Characteristics Many of the species in this order have characteristic repeatedly branched arms (a shape known as "basket stars", which includes most Gorgonocephalidae and two species in the family Euryalidae), while the other species have very long and curling arms, and go rather by the name of "snake stars" (mostly abyssal species). Many of them live in deep sea habitats or cold waters, though some basket stars can be seen at night in shallow tropical reefs. Most young basket stars live on specific type of coral. In the wild they may live up to 35 years. They weigh up to Like other echinoderms, basket stars lack blood and achieve gas exchange via their water vascular system. The basket stars are the largest ophiuroids with '' Gorgonocephalus stimpsoni ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gorgonocephalidae
Gorgonocephalidae is a family of basket stars. They have characteristic many-branched arms. Gorgonocephalidae are the largest ophiuroids ('' Gorgonocephalus eucnemis'' can measure up to 70 cm in arm length with a disk diameter of 14 cm). Systematics and phylogeny The family is divided into the following genera: Fossil record of Gorgonocephalidae dates back to Miocene The Miocene ( ) is the first epoch (geology), geological epoch of the Neogene Period and extends from about (Ma). The Miocene was named by Scottish geologist Charles Lyell; the name comes from the Greek words (', "less") and (', "new") and mea ....Kroh, A. 2003. First record of gorgonocephalid ophiuroids (Echinodermata) from the Middle Miocene of the Central Paratethys. Cainozoic Research 2: 143-155 References Echinoderm families Phrynophiurida Taxa described in 1867 {{Ophiuroidea-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Euryalidae
Euryalidae is a family of echinoderms belonging to the order Euryalida. Genera There are eleven genera: * ''Asteromorpha'' Lütken, 1869 * ''Asteroschema'' Örsted & Lütken, 1856 * ''Asterostegus'' Mortensen, 1933 * ''Astrobrachion'' Doederlein, 1927 * ''Astroceras'' Lyman, 1879 * ''Astrocharis'' Koehler, 1904 * ''Euryale (echinoderm), Euryale'' Lamarck, 1816 * ''Ophiocreas'' Lyman, 1879 * ''Squamophis'' Okanishi, O'Hara & Fujita, 2011 * ''Sthenocephalus'' Koehler, 1898 * ''Trichaster'' L. Agassiz, 1836 References Phrynophiurida Euryalidae, Echinoderm families Taxa named by John Edward Gray Taxa described in 1840 {{Ophiuroidea-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Brittle Star
Brittle stars, serpent stars, or ophiuroids (; ; referring to the serpent-like arms of the brittle star) are echinoderms in the class Ophiuroidea, closely related to starfish. They crawl across the sea floor using their flexible arms for locomotion. The ophiuroids generally have five long, slender, whip-like arms which may reach up to in length on the largest specimens. The Ophiuroidea contain two large clades, Ophiurida (brittle stars) and Euryalida (basket stars). Over 2,000 species of brittle stars live today. More than 1,200 of these species are found in deep waters, greater than 200 m deep. Range The ophiuroids diverged in the Early Ordovician. Ophiuroids can be found today in all of the major marine provinces, from the poles to the tropics. Basket stars are usually confined to the deeper parts of this range; Ophiuroids are known even from abyssal (>6,000 m) depths. However, brittle stars are also common members of reef communities, where they hide under rocks and even w ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bursa
Bursa () is a city in northwestern Turkey and the administrative center of Bursa Province. The fourth-most populous city in Turkey and second-most populous in the Marmara Region, Bursa is one of the industrial centers of the country. Most of Turkey's automotive production takes place in Bursa. As of 2019, the Metropolitan Province was home to 3 238 618 inhabitants, 2 283 697 of whom lived in the 3 city urban districts (Osmangazi, Yıldırım and Nilüfer) plus Gürsu and Kestel. Its rich history provides various places of interest in Bursa. Bursa became the capital of the Ottoman Empire (back then the Ottoman Beylik) from 1335 until the 1360s. A more recent nickname is ("") referring to the parks and gardens located across the city, as well as to the vast, varied forests of the surrounding region. Bursa has a rather orderly urban growth and borders a fertile plain. The mausoleums of the early Ottoman sultans are located in Bursa, and the city's main landmarks include nu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Madreporite
The madreporite is a light colored calcareous opening used to filter water into the water vascular system of echinoderms. It acts like a pressure-equalizing valve. It is visible as a small red or yellow button-like structure, looking like a small wart, on the aboral surface of the central disk of a sea star or sea urchin or the oral surface of Ophiuroidea. Close up, it is visibly structured, resembling a "madrepore" (stone coral, Scleractinia) colony. From this, it derives its name. The water vascular system of the sea star consists of a series of seawater-filled ducts that function in locomotion and feeding and respiration. Its main parts are the madreporite, the stone canal, the ring canal, the radial canals, the lateral canals, and the tube feet Tube or tubes may refer to: * Tube (2003 film), ''Tube'' (2003 film), a 2003 Korean film * "Tubes" (Peter Dale), performer on the Soccer AM#Tubes, Soccer AM television show * Tube (band), a Japanese rock band * Tube & Berger, the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ophiomyxidae
Ophiomyxidae is a family of echinoderms belonging to the order Ophiacanthida Ophiacanthida is an order of echinoderms belonging to the class Ophiuroidea. The order contains two suborders, Ophiodermatina and Ophiacanthina, which include the following families: * Ophiodermatina , 1867 ** Ophiodermatidae ** Ophiomyxidae ** .... Genera Genera: * '' Astrogymnotes'' * Ophioblenna * Ophiomora * Ophiomyxa * Ophioconis * '' Neoplax'' Bell, 1884 * '' Ophiarachna'' Müller & Troschel, 1842 Ophiomyxa References Ophiacanthida Echinoderm families {{Ophiuroidea-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
