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Pezizomycotina
Pezizomycotina make up most of the Ascomycota fungi and include most lichenized fungi too. Pezizomycotina contains the filamentous ascomycetes and is a subdivision of the Ascomycota (fungi that form their spores in a sac-like ''ascus''). It is more or less synonymous with the older taxon Euascomycota. These fungi reproduce by fission rather than budding and this subdivision includes almost all the ascus fungi that have fruiting bodies visible to the naked eye (exception: genus '' Neolecta'', which belongs to the Taphrinomycotina). See the taxobox for a list of the classes that make up the Pezizomycotina. The old class Loculoascomycetes (consisting of all the bitunicate An ascus (; ) is the sexual spore-bearing cell produced in ascomycete fungi. Each ascus usually contains eight ascospores (or octad), produced by meiosis followed, in most species, by a mitotic cell division. However, asci in some genera or s ... Ascomycota) has been replaced by the two classes Eurotiomycete ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ascomycota
Ascomycota is a phylum of the kingdom Fungi that, together with the Basidiomycota, forms the subkingdom Dikarya. Its members are commonly known as the sac fungi or ascomycetes. It is the largest phylum of Fungi, with over 64,000 species. The defining feature of this fungal group is the " ascus" (), a microscopic sexual structure in which nonmotile spores, called ascospores, are formed. However, some species of the Ascomycota are asexual, meaning that they do not have a sexual cycle and thus do not form asci or ascospores. Familiar examples of sac fungi include morels, truffles, brewers' and bakers' yeast, dead man's fingers, and cup fungi. The fungal symbionts in the majority of lichens (loosely termed "ascolichens") such as '' Cladonia'' belong to the Ascomycota. Ascomycota is a monophyletic group (it contains all descendants of one common ancestor). Previously placed in the Deuteromycota along with asexual species from other fungal taxa, asexual (or anamorphic) ascom ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Harpidiaceae
Harpidiaceae is a small family of lichen-forming fungi, containing two genera and five species. It is of uncertain classification in the Pezizomycotina. Taxonomy The Harpidiaceae was first informally proposed by Antonín Vězda in 1974 to contain genus '' Harpidium'', which he noted "is an extremely isolated genus, unrelated to the Lecanoraceae. It should be recognized as a separate monotypic family". It was formally published in 1984 by Josef Hafellner, along with several other families characterised mainly by differences in the amyloid reactions of structures of their asci. In 1988, Aino Henssen and colleagues published the results of a study of the thallus, apothecia, and pycnidia of the genera ''Harpidium'' and ''Euopsis'', and concluded that they corresponded to the genus ''Pyrenopsis'' and other genera of the Lichinaceae (order Lichinales, class Lichinomycetes). With this, they justified including ''Harpidium'' and ''Euopsis'' in the Lichinaceae, and amended the circumscr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lahmiales
The Lahmiales are an order of fungi in the Ascomycota, or sac fungi. The order has not been assigned to any class (''incertae sedis''). The taxon is monotypic and contains a single family, the Lahmiaceae, which in turn contains the single genus ''Lahmia''. The genus name of ''Lahmia'' is in honour of Johann Gottlieb Franz-Xaver Lahm (1811-1888), who was a German clergyman and botanist (Lichenology and Mycology). The genus of ''Lahmia'' was circumscribed by Gustav Wilhelm Koerber Gustav, Gustaf or Gustave may refer to: *Gustav (name), a male given name of Old Swedish origin Art, entertainment, and media * ''Primeval'' (film), a 2007 American horror film * ''Gustav'' (film series), a Hungarian series of animated short cart ... in Parerga Lichenol on page 281 in 1861. References Pezizomycotina Ascomycota orders {{ascomycota-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Leotiomyceta
Leotiomyceta represents all the filamentous ascomycete fungi (Pezizomycotina), excluding the classes Pezizomycetes and Orbiliomycetes. It is well supported in several studies comparing DNA sequences in fungi. It has originally been proposed as a superclass but later was proposed as a rankless taxon for any well supported group above class (together with saccharomyceta, dothideomyceta, and sordariomyceta). Rankless taxa do not strictly follow the rules for taxonomic classifications in plants and fungi (ICBN The ''International Code of Nomenclature for algae, fungi, and plants'' (ICN) is the set of rules and recommendations dealing with the formal botanical names that are given to plants, fungi and a few other groups of organisms, all those "trad ...) and therefore these names are informal, although they appear to reflect natural groups. References Ascomycota Taxa described in 1997 Opisthokont unranked clades {{Ascomycota-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Orbiliomycetes
The Orbiliaceae are a family of saprobic sac fungi in the order Orbiliales. The family, first described by John Axel Nannfeldt in 1932, contains 288 species in 12 genera. Members of this family have a widespread distribution, but are more prevalent in temperate regions. Some species in the Orbiliaceae are carnivorous fungi, and have evolved a number of specialized mechanisms to trap nematodes. Description Orbiliaceae do not have stromata, dense structural tissue that produces fruit bodies. They have small disc-shaped apothecia, that are typically convex, brightly colored or translucent. Their ascospores are small (typically less than 10 x 1 μm), hyaline, and have an oval or ellipsoidal shape. Species are usually found in wood on both wet and dry habitats. Anamorph species are hyphomycetous. Nematophagy This family is well known for its many nematophagous species. Shortly after coming into contact with its prey, fungal mycelia penetrate the nematode and spontaneously differ ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Leotiomycetes
The Leotiomycetes are a class of ascomycete fungi. Many of them cause serious plant diseases. Systematics The class Leotiomycetes contains numerous species with an anamorph placed within the '' fungi imperfecti'' (deuteromycota), that have only recently found their place in the phylogenetic system. The older classifications placed Leotiomycetes into the Discomycetes clade ( inoperculate Discomycetes). Molecular studies have recently shed some new light to the still obscure systematics. Most scholars consider Leotiomycetes a sister taxon to Sordariomycetes in the phylogenetic tree of Pezizomycotina. Its division into subclasses have received strong support by the molecular data, but the overall monophyly of Leotiomycetes is dubious. The order Lichinodiales and family Lichinodiaceae, newly circumscribed in 2019 to contain the genus cyanolichen genus ''Lichinodium'', is the first known group of lichen-forming fungi in the Leotiomycetes. Characteristics *Most ''Leotiomycetes'' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Medeolariales
The Medeolariales are an order of the class Leotiomycetes within the phylum Ascomycota. The order is monotypic In biology, a monotypic taxon is a taxonomic group (taxon) that contains only one immediately subordinate taxon. A monotypic species is one that does not include subspecies or smaller, infraspecific taxa. In the case of genera, the term "unispec ..., containing the single family Medeolariaceae, which in turn contains the single genus ''Medeolaria'' that contains the species ''Medeolaria farlowii'', described by Thaxter in 1922. References Leotiomycetes Ascomycota orders {{Leotiomycetes-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Vezdaeales
''Vezdaea'' is a genus of crustose lichens in the monotypic family Vezdaeaceae, which itself is the only taxon in the order Vezdaeales. The genus was circumscribed by Elisabeth Tschermak-Woess and Josef Poelt in 1976. The genus name honours Czech lichenologist Antonín Vězda (1920-2008). Species *'' Vezdaea acicularis'' *''Vezdaea aestivalis'' *'' Vezdaea cobria'' *'' Vezdaea dawsoniae'' *'' Vezdaea flava'' *'' Vezdaea foliicola'' *''Vezdaea leprosa ''Vezdaea'' is a genus of crustose lichens in the monotypic family Vezdaeaceae, which itself is the only taxon in the order Vezdaeales. The genus was circumscribed by Elisabeth Tschermak-Woess and Josef Poelt in 1976. The genus name honours Cze ...'' *'' Vezdaea obscura'' *'' Vezdaea poeltiana'' *'' Vezdaea polyspora'' *'' Vezdaea retigera'' *'' Vezdaea rheocarpa'' *'' Vezdaea schuyleriana'' *'' Vezdaea stipitata'' References Pezizomycotina Lichen genera Taxa described in 1976 Ascomycota genera Taxa named ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Paleopyrenomycites
''Paleopyrenomycites'' is a Devonian genus of fungus of uncertain phylogenetic affinity within the Pezizomycotina total group, known from the Rhynie chert The Rhynie chert is a Lower Devonian sedimentary deposit exhibiting extraordinary fossil detail or completeness (a Lagerstätte). It is exposed near the village of Rhynie, Aberdeenshire, Scotland; a second unit, the Windyfield chert, is locate .... {{Taxonbar, from=Q16987177 Ascomycota Prehistoric fungi Pragian life ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pezizomycetes
Pezizomycetes are a class of fungi within the division Ascomycota. Pezizomycetes are apothecial fungi, meaning that their spore-producing/releasing bodies ( ascoma) are typically disk-like, bearing on their upper surfaces a layer of cylindrical spore-producing cells called asci, from which the spores are forcibly discharged. Important groups include: cup fungi ( Peziza), morels, Elfin saddle {{Short description, Name for several species of fungus The common name elfin saddle is given to a number of Ascomycete fungi in the order Pezizales. These medium to small fungi often have irregular saddle-shaped caps. Species include: *''Gyrom ...s, and truffles. References * * Pezizomycotina Fungus classes Taxa described in 1997 {{Pezizomycetes-stub de:Pezizomycetes ru:Pezizomycetes ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Eurotiomycetes
Eurotiomycetes is a large class of ascomycetes with cleistothecial ascocarps within the subphylum Pezizomycotina, currently containing around 3810 species according to the Catalogue of Life. It is the third largest lichenized class, with more than 1200 lichen species that are mostly bitunicate in the formation of asci. It contains most of the fungi previously known morphologically as "Plectomycetes". Systematics and phylogeny Internal relationships The class Eurotiomycetes was circumscribed in 1997 by Swedish mycologists Ove Erik Eriksson and Katarina Winka. At that time it only contained the order Eurotiales, which together with the next order added, Onygenales, form a monophyletic group comprising most of the fungi in "Plectomycetes", a group no longer in use that unified fungi under exclusively morphological characteristics. As more orders were added to Eurotiomycetes, the first two along with Arachnomycetales became constrained to the first subclass, Eurotiomycetidae ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
