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People Power Revolution
The People Power Revolution, also known as the EDSA Revolution or the February Revolution, were a series of popular Demonstration (people), demonstrations in the Philippines, mostly in Metro Manila, from February 22 to 25, 1986. There was a sustained campaign of civil resistance against regime violence and electoral fraud. The nonviolent revolution led to the departure of Ferdinand Marcos, the end of his 20-year dictatorship and the restoration of democracy in the Philippines. It is also referred to as the Yellow Revolution due to the presence of yellow ribbons during demonstrations (in reference to the Tony Orlando and Dawn song "Tie a Yellow Ribbon Round the Ole Oak Tree") as a symbol of protest following the Assassination of Benigno Aquino Jr., assassination of Filipino senator Benigno "Ninoy" Aquino Jr. in August 1983 upon his return to the Philippines from exile. It was widely seen as a victory of the people against two decades of presidential rule by President Marcos, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Epifanio De Los Santos Avenue
Epifanio de los Santos Avenue, commonly referred to by its acronym EDSA (), is a major circumferential road around Manila, the capital city of the Philippines. It passes through 6 of Metro Manila's 17 local government units or cities, namely, from north to south, Caloocan, Quezon City, San Juan, Mandaluyong, Makati, and Pasay. Named after academic Epifanio de los Santos, the section of the road from Balintawak Interchange in Quezon City to Magallanes Interchange in Makati connects the North Luzon Expressway (NLEX) and South Luzon Expressway (SLEX). The avenue passes through the major financial districts of the metropolis which are Triangle Park, Araneta City, Ortigas Center, Makati CBD, and Bay City. It is the longest and the most congested highway in the metropolis, stretching some . Structure The entire avenue forms part of Circumferential Road 4 (C-4) of Metro Manila's arterial road network, National Route 1 (N1) of the Philippine highway network and Asian ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Presidency Of Corazon Aquino
Corazon Aquino began her presidency on February 25, 1986, following the People Power Revolution as the 11th president of the Philippines, succeeding Ferdinand Marcos. Aquino's relatively peaceful ascension to the Philippine presidency signaled the end of authoritarian rule of Ferdinand Marcos in the Philippines, and drew her and the Filipino people international acclaim and admiration. During the first months of Aquino's presidency, the country experienced radical changes and sweeping democratic reforms. Aquino created the Presidential Commission on Good Government (PCGG), which was tasked to go after the Marcos ill-gotten wealth; however, after her presidency, the PCGG itself was also implicated by corruption scandals when it was alleged that officials wanted a cut of the Marcos assets and officials were "milking" sequestered assets. Aquino, being a revolutionary president by virtue of people power, repealed and abolished repressive laws under her predecessor, restored civil ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Christians For National Liberation
The Christians for National Liberation is an underground revolutionary mass organization in the Philippines committed to uniting Christians in the revolution led by the Communist Party of the Philippines. A member of the National Democratic Front of the Philippines, it supports the armed struggle waged by the New People's Army and led by the Communist Party of the Philippines. Established in 1972, the CNL took inspiration from liberation theology movements in Latin America and the social justice imperative in Vatican II. It played a significant role during the Martial Law period in the Philippines. CNL members also participated in the armed struggle and joined the NPA. CNL is still active today as an underground movement. History and background The impetus to establish the CNL began as early as the late 1960s, with a rise of political consciousness among members of the church. A "significant minority" became influenced by social and ideological factors emergent all over the wo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
League Of Filipino Students
The League of Filipino Students (, abbreviated as LFS) is a student-led national democratic mass organization and movement organized during the martial law era in the Philippines on September 11, 1977. It claims to be the leading anti-imperialist organization of the Filipino youth, under the ideological line of national democracy. It is part of the broader movement known as Bagong Alyansang Makabayan. Brief history The League of Filipino Students started on September 11, 1977, as an alliance against tuition fee increases and school repression during the Martial law era. During the Marcos regime, students were principal protesters against the government. While the League focused on broad and unifying issues, including the restoration of student councils and governments in the Philippines, it has directed its attack against the government with the use of student protests, strikes, and mobilizations. The assassination of Benigno Aquino Jr. in 1983, the Marcos' government became ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kilusang Mayo Uno
Kilusang Mayo Uno (), also known by its initials KMU is an independent labor center in the Philippines. It promotes "genuine, militant and patriotic trade unionism". The KMU was established on May 1, 1980 to fill a clear need for a workers' organization that would stand for workers' rights and against foreign domination. The KMU is one of the two primary labor centers alongside the Trade Union Congress of the Philippines. It is a social movement union closely linked with the broader national democratic movement in the Philippines. The organization brands its unionism as "genuine, militant, and nationalist." The federation started out with seven founding union federations and 50,000 members. By 1990, the KMU reported having as many as 750,000 members affiliated under its unions. In the 1990s the movement separated into several smaller organizations over ideological, political, and organizational differences. Today, the KMU is organized into eleven national federations and ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bagong Alyansang Makabayan
The Bagong Alyansang Makabayan () or Bayan () is an alliance of left-wing Philippine organizations. It was founded on International Workers' Day, May 1, 1985 as part of the opposition during the Marcos dictatorship. Politics Ideology The principle of Bayan is National Democracy. It believes that: *The Philippines is rich in natural resources but, the Filipino people are deprived of those resources; *The history of the Philippines is the history of class struggle; *Imperialism, Feudalism and Bureaucratic Capitalism are the roots of poverty; and *A National-Democratic Revolution is the solution to ending the roots of poverty However, unlike underground revolutionary organizations such as the Communist Party of the Philippines; its armed wing, the New People's Army and its united front, the National Democratic Front, members of Bayan do not take up arms. They participate in the urban mass movement through mass mobilizations. Political structure Bayan operates as an allianc ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Protestantism In The Philippines
Protestant denominations arrived in the Philippines in 1898, after the United States took control of the Philippines from Spain, first with the United States Army chaplains and then within months civilian missionaries. Protestants makes up nearly 11% of the Filipino population. They include a wide variety of Pentecostal, Evangelical and independent churches. Some denominations were founded locally. Statistics In 2020, the World Christian Database estimated that there are around 38 million Pentecostals and Charismatics along with 19 million Christians independent from denominations in the Philippines. History It is likely that there was some Protestant activity in the Philippines before 1898, such as during the British occupation of the Philippines, but there were no churches or missions established. One alleged early Filipino Protestant was Paulino Zamora, father of Methodist bishop Nicolás Zamora. Some consider Paulino to be the first Protestant in the Philippi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Catholic Bishops' Conference Of The Philippines
The Catholic Bishops' Conference of the Philippines (abbreviated as CBCP) is the permanent organizational assembly of the Catholic bishops of the Philippines exercising together certain pastoral offices for the Christian faithful of their territory through apostolic plans, programs and projects suited to the circumstances of time and place in accordance with law for the promotion of the greater good offered by the Catholic Church to all people. Standing as the national episcopal conference in the Philippines, it consists all diocesan bishops and those equivalent to bishops in church law; all coadjutor and auxiliary bishops; and all other titular bishops who exercise for the entire nation a special office assigned to them by the Apostolic See. It has 90 active and 40 honorary bishops and other members. The chancery is centrally located within the Intramuros district, located just behind the Manila Cathedral. Kalookan bishop Pablo Virgilio David is the president . History ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Archdiocese Of Manila
In church governance, a diocese or bishopric is the ecclesiastical district under the jurisdiction of a bishop. History In the later organization of the Roman Empire, the increasingly subdivided provinces were administratively associated in a larger unit, the diocese (Latin ''dioecesis'', from the Greek term διοίκησις, meaning "administration"). Christianity was given legal status in 313 with the Edict of Milan. Churches began to organize themselves into dioceses based on the civil dioceses, not on the larger regional imperial districts. These dioceses were often smaller than the provinces. Christianity was declared the Empire's official religion by Theodosius I in 380. Constantine I in 318 gave litigants the right to have court cases transferred from the civil courts to the bishops. This situation must have hardly survived Julian, 361–363. Episcopal courts are not heard of again in the East until 398 and in the West in 408. The quality of these courts ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Philippine Constabulary
The Philippine Constabulary (PC; , ''HPP''; ) was a gendarmerie-type military police force of the Philippines from 1901 to 1991, and the predecessor to the Philippine National Police. It was created by the Insular Government, American occupational government to replace the Spanish colonial Civil Guard (Philippines), Guardia Civil, happened on the 19th century history of the Philippines. It was the first of the four branches of the Armed Forces of the Philippines. On January 29, 1991, it was merged with the Integrated National Police to form the Philippine National Police. History The Philippine Constabulary (PC) was established on August 18, 1901, under the general supervision of the Governor-General of the Philippines#Insular Government (1901–1935), civil Governor-General of the Philippines, by the authority of Act. No. 175 of the Second Philippine Commission, to maintain peace, law, and order in the various provinces of the Philippine Islands. By the end of 1901, a to ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Reform The Armed Forces Movement
The Reform the Armed Forces Movement, also referred to by the acronym RAM, was a cabal of officers of the Armed Forces of the Philippines (AFP) known for several attempts to seize power in the Philippines during the 1980s and 1990s. In 1986, some of these officers launched a failed coup d'état against Ferdinand Marcos, prompting a large number of civilians to attempt to prevent Marcos from wiping the RAM rebels out. This eventually snowballed into the 1986 People Power revolution which ended the dictatorship of Ferdinand Marcos and forced him into exile. RAM later attempted six coups d'état against the administration of Corazon Aquino. Formation From being an apolitical and professional organization, the AFP during the Marcos administration became highly politicized, and promotions were given not through merit but through affiliation or patronage. This led to the formation of various cabals in the Armed Forces, including the Diablo Squad which would later be named the Guardi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Reform The Armed Forces Movement Logo Circa 1990s
Reform refers to the improvement or amendment of what is wrong, corrupt, unsatisfactory, etc. The modern usage of the word emerged in the late 18th century and is believed to have originated from Christopher Wyvill's Association movement, which identified "Parliamentary Reform" as its primary aim. Reform is generally regarded as antithetical to revolution. Developing countries may implement a range of reforms to improve living standards, often with support from international financial institutions and aid agencies. This can involve reforms to macroeconomic policy, the civil service, and public financial management. In politics, there is debate over what constitutes reform vs. revolution, and whether all changes labeled "reform" actually represent progress. For example, in the United States, proponents of term limits or rotation in office consider it a revolutionary method (advocated as early as the Articles of Confederation) for rooting out government corruption by altering basi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
