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Password Managers
A password manager is a software program to prevent password fatigue by automatically generating, autofilling and storing passwords. It can do this for local applications or web applications such as online shops or social media. Web browsers tend to have a built-in password manager. Password managers typically require a user to create and remember a single password to unlock to access the stored passwords. Password managers can integrate multi-factor authentication. History The first password manager software designed to securely store passwords was Password Safe created by Bruce Schneier, which was released as a free utility on September 5, 1997. Designed for Microsoft Windows 95, Password Safe used Schneier's Blowfish algorithm to encrypt passwords and other sensitive data. Although Password Safe was released as a free utility, due to export restrictions on cryptography from the United States, only U.S. and Canadian citizens and permanent residents were initially allo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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Bitwarden Desktop 2024
Bitwarden is a freemium open-source software, open-source Password manager, password management service that is used to store sensitive information, such as website credentials, in an Encryption, encrypted vault. Functionalities Bitwarden uses zero-knowledge encryption, meaning the company cannot see its users' data. This is achieved by End-to-end encryption, end-to-end encrypting data with AES-CBC 256-bit and by using PBKDF2 SHA-2, SHA-256/Argon2id to derive the encryption key. To Login, log in, a user can use an email-address and password combination, biometric authentication, two-factor authentication (2FA), Passkey (authentication), passkey, single sign-on, or passwordless login via notification approval on a mobile/desktop device. Additional client functionality includes: import of data from more than 50 password managers (such as LastPass, 1Password, and Keeper (password manager), Keeper) passkey management; export to JSON, encrypted JSON, and Comma-separated values, C ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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Blowfish (cipher)
Blowfish is a Symmetric-key algorithm, symmetric-key block cipher, designed in 1993 by Bruce Schneier and included in many cipher suites and encryption products. Blowfish provides a good encryption rate in software, and no effective cryptanalysis of it has been found to date for smaller files. It is recommended Blowfish should not be used to encrypt files larger than 4GB in size, Twofish should be used instead. Blowfish has a 64-bit block size and therefore it could be vulnerable to Sweet32 birthday attacks. Schneier designed Blowfish as a general-purpose algorithm, intended as an alternative to the aging Data Encryption Standard, DES and free of the problems and constraints associated with other algorithms. At the time Blowfish was released, many other designs were proprietary, encumbered by patents, or were commercial or government secrets. Schneier has stated that "Blowfish is unpatented, and will remain so in all countries. The algorithm is hereby placed in the public domai ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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Key (cryptography)
A key in cryptography is a piece of information, usually a string of numbers or letters that are stored in a file, which, when processed through a cryptographic algorithm, can encode or decode cryptographic data. Based on the used method, the key can be different sizes and varieties, but in all cases, the strength of the encryption relies on the security of the key being maintained. A key's security strength is dependent on its algorithm, the size of the key, the generation of the key, and the process of key exchange. Scope The key is what is used to encrypt data from plaintext to ciphertext. There are different methods for utilizing keys and encryption. Symmetric cryptography Symmetric cryptography refers to the practice of the same key being used for both encryption and decryption. Asymmetric cryptography Asymmetric cryptography has separate keys for encrypting and decrypting. These keys are known as the public and private keys, respectively. Purpose Since the key ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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Passphrase
A passphrase is a sequence of words or other text used to control access to a computer system, program or data. It is similar to a password in usage, but a passphrase is generally longer for added security. Passphrases are often used to control both access to, and the operation of, Cryptography, cryptographic programs and systems, especially those that derive an encryption key from a passphrase. The origin of the term is by analogy with ''password''. The modern concept of passphrases is believed to have been invented by Sigmund N. Porter in 1982. Security Source: Considering that the information entropy, entropy of written English is less than 1.1 bits per character, passphrases can be relatively weak. NIST has estimated that the 23-character passphrase "IamtheCapitanofthePina4" contains a 45-bit strength. The equation employed here is: : 4 bits (1st character) + 14 bits (characters 2–8) + 18 bits (characters 9–20) + 3 bits (characters 21–23) + 6 bits (bonus f ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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Malware
Malware (a portmanteau of ''malicious software'')Tahir, R. (2018)A study on malware and malware detection techniques . ''International Journal of Education and Management Engineering'', ''8''(2), 20. is any software intentionally designed to cause disruption to a computer, server (computing), server, Client (computing), client, or computer network, leak private information, gain unauthorized access to information or systems, deprive access to information, or which unknowingly interferes with the user's computer security and privacy. Researchers tend to classify malware into one or more sub-types (i.e. computer viruses, Computer worm, worms, Trojan horse (computing), Trojan horses, logic bombs, ransomware, spyware, adware, rogue software, Wiper (malware), wipers and keyloggers). Malware poses serious problems to individuals and businesses on the Internet. According to NortonLifeLock, Symantec's 2018 Internet Security Threat Report (ISTR), malware variants number has increased to 66 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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Security Token
A security token is a peripheral device used to gain access to an electronically restricted resource. The token is used in addition to, or in place of, a password. Examples of security tokens include wireless key cards used to open locked doors, a banking token used as a digital authenticator for signing in to online banking, or signing transactions such as wire transfers. Security tokens can be used to store information such as passwords, cryptographic keys used to generate digital signatures, or biometric data (such as fingerprints). Some designs incorporate tamper resistant packaging, while others may include small keypads to allow entry of a PIN or a simple button to start a generation routine with some display capability to show a generated key number. Connected tokens utilize a variety of interfaces including USB, near-field communication (NFC), radio-frequency identification (RFID), or Bluetooth. Some tokens have audio capabilities designed for those who are visi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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Dashlane
Dashlane is a subscription-based password manager and digital wallet application available on macOS, Windows, iOS and Android. Dashlane uses a freemium pricing model with a subscription plan option. Overview Dashlane was founded in Paris on July 6, 2009, releasing their first software on May 23, 2012, that first included a password manager (encrypted using AES-256), which was walled behind a single master password. Over time, more features were introduced to the product such as: * Multi-factor authentication * Automatic form filling * Password generation * Digital wallet * Security breach alert * Virtual private network Source code The source code for the Android and the iOS app is available under the Creative Commons NonCommercial license 4.0. See also * List of password managers * Cryptography Cryptography, or cryptology (from "hidden, secret"; and ''graphein'', "to write", or ''-logy, -logia'', "study", respectively), is the practice and study of techn ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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Bitwarden
Bitwarden is a freemium open-source password management service that is used to store sensitive information, such as website credentials, in an encrypted vault. Functionalities Bitwarden uses zero-knowledge encryption, meaning the company cannot see its users' data. This is achieved by end-to-end encrypting data with AES-CBC 256-bit and by using PBKDF2 SHA-256/ Argon2id to derive the encryption key. To log in, a user can use an email-address and password combination, biometric authentication, two-factor authentication (2FA), passkey, single sign-on, or passwordless login via notification approval on a mobile/desktop device. Additional client functionality includes: import of data from more than 50 password managers (such as LastPass, 1Password, and Keeper) passkey management; export to JSON, encrypted JSON, and CSV formats; a random password generator; a password strength tester; autofill of login and other forms; integration with email alias services; ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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1Password
1Password is a password manager developed by the Canadian software company AgileBits Inc. It supports multiple platforms such as iOS, Android, Windows, Linux, and macOS. It provides a place for users to store various passwords, software licenses, and other sensitive information in a virtual vault that is locked with a PBKDF2-guarded master password. By default, the user’s encrypted vault is hosted on AgileBits’ servers for a monthly fee. Password file synchronisation 1Password can be configured through 1Password.com, a paid subscription-based server sync service maintained by the developers. Local Wi-Fi and iCloud sync were only available on iOS and macOS in previous versions. In 2017, the Travel Mode feature was introduced for subscribers of 1Password.com, which enables the omission of password entries not tagged as safe for travel from the local storage on a particular device, reducing the impact of being obliged by officials to unlock access at the country border crossing ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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KeePass
KeePass Password Safe is a free and open-source password manager primarily for Windows. It officially supports macOS and Linux operating systems through the use of Mono (software), Mono. Additionally, there are several unofficial Porting, ports for Windows Phone, Android (operating system), Android, iOS, and BlackBerry devices, which normally work with the same copied or shared (remote) password database. KeePass stores usernames, passwords, and other fields, including free-form notes and file attachments, in an encrypted Computer file, file. This file can be protected by any combination of a master password, a key file, and the current Windows account details. By default, the KeePass database is stored on a local file system (as opposed to cloud storage). KeePass comes in two different variants: KeePass 1.x and KeePass 2.x. Although the 1.x variant is the former variant it is supported indefinitely: Dominik Reichl: "2.x isn't the successor of 1.x, and 1.x isn't dead". KeePass 2 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |