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Parma
Parma (; ) is a city in the northern Italian region of Emilia-Romagna known for its architecture, Giuseppe Verdi, music, art, prosciutto (ham), Parmesan, cheese and surrounding countryside. With a population of 198,986 inhabitants as of 2025, Parma is the second most populous city in Emilia-Romagna after Bologna, the region's capital. The city is home to the University of Parma, one of the oldest universities in the world. Parma is divided into two parts by the Parma (river), stream of the same name. The district on the west side of the river is ''Oltretorrente'', meaning ''The other side of the stream''. Parma's Etruscan name was adapted by Romans to describe the round shield called ''Parma (shield), Parma''. History Prehistory Parma was already a built-up area in the Bronze Age. In the current position of the city rose a Terramare culture, terramare. The "terramare" (marl earth) were ancient villages built of wood on piles according to a defined scheme and squared form; c ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Province Of Parma
The province of Parma () is a Provinces of Italy, province in the Emilia-Romagna region of Italy. Its largest town and capital is the city of Parma. It is made up of 47 ''comuni'' (: ''comune''). It has an area of and a total population of around 450,000. The province is bordered by the province of Reggio Emilia to the east, the Province of Piacenza, Piacenza to the west, Lombardy's provinces of Province of Cremona, Cremona and Province of Mantua, Mantua to the north and by Liguria's provinces of Province of La Spezia, La Spezia and Province of Genoa, Genoa and Tuscany's Province of Massa-Carrara to the south. History In 1861, Provinces of Italy, Italian provinces were established on the French republican model. Italian Fascism saw the end of elections in the province of Parma in the 1920s until the end of the Second World War. Geography The province is divided into three zones from north to south: the ''pianura'' (plains), the ''collina'' (hills) and the ''montagna'' (mo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Emilia-Romagna
Emilia-Romagna (, , both , ; or ; ) is an Regions of Italy, administrative region of northern Italy, comprising the historical regions of Emilia (region), Emilia and Romagna. Its capital is Bologna. It has an area of , and a population of 4.4 million. Emilia-Romagna is one of the wealthiest and most developed regions in Europe, with the third highest gross domestic product per capita in Italy. It is also a cultural center, being the home of the University of Bologna, the oldest university in the world. Some of its cities, such as Modena, Parma, Ferrara, and Ravenna, are UNESCO heritage sites. It is a center for food and automobile production (such as Ferrari, Lamborghini, and Maserati). It has coastal resorts such as Cervia, Cesenatico, and Rimini. In 2018, the Lonely Planet guide named Emilia-Romagna as the best place to see in Europe. Etymology The name ''Emilia-Romagna'' is a legacy of Ancient Rome. ''Emilia'' derives from the ''via Aemilia'', the Roman road connecting Pia ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
University Of Parma
The University of Parma () is a public university located in Parma, Emilia-Romagna, Italy. Organized into nine departments, it is one of the oldest universities in the world. As of 2016, it had approximately 26,000 students. History During the 13th-14th centuries there was an educational institution, ''studium'', in Parma, but it was closed in 1387 by Gian Galeazzo Visconti, Duke of Milan. The university was opened in 1412 by Niccolò III d'Este, and, although no papal bull was issued, the degrees were granted. In 1420 Filippo Maria Visconti closed it again. Although there were several attempts to revive the university, it functioned only as a "paper university", granting degrees without teaching. In 1601, the university was finally reopened by Ranuccio I Farnese, and the papal bull was given. It was a joint institution with a Society of Jesus, and a third of staff were teachers from a local Jesuit school, who taught in a separate building and by Ratio Studiorum, Jesuit curricu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Parma (river)
The Parma is a large stream, long, that begins in the Tuscan-Emilian Apennine Mountains and flows in Parma valley, Italy. Path It begins from the lake '' Lago Santo parmense'' (outflow called ''Parma di Lago Santo'') and small lakes Gemio and Scuro (outflow called ''Parma di Badignana''). After only ''Parma di Lago Santo'' meets ''Parma di Badignana'' and then the river takes the name of ''Parma''. It flows through the Province of Parma into Parma, dividing the city in two, and then continues to the Po. Local names *''Lungoparma'' is the local name for the urban area of the city of Parma along the river. *''la Parma'' is the way parmesans call the stream and its bed (to not to be confused with ''il Parma'', the local name for the Parma F.C.). The reason for the feminine article "la" is that in parmesan dialect a stream is feminine. *''la Parma voladora'' indicates the Parma stream in full flood. References *''Information for this article was taken from the Italian Italia ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Michele Guerra
Michele Guerra (born 19 January 1982) is an Italian academic and politician, Mayor of Parma since 2022. Biography Guerra graduated ''cum laude'' in modern literature at the University of Parma in 2004, where he then obtained a PhD in history of art and entertainment by discussing a thesis on the representation of rural classes in Italian cinema from fascism to the 1970s. From 2009 to 2011 he was adjunct professor of history and criticism of cinema in the course of written and hypertext communication sciences at the University of Parma, while from 2011 to 2015 he was a researcher of cinema, photography and television at the same university. After being associate professor from 2015 to 2018, he has held the role of full professor since 2018. From 2017 to 2022 he held the position of councilor for culture in the municipality of Parma Parma (; ) is a city in the northern Italian region of Emilia-Romagna known for its architecture, Giuseppe Verdi, music, art, prosciutto (ham) ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Prosciutto
Prosciutto ( ; ), also known as ''prosciutto crudo'', is an uncooked, unsmoked, and dry-cured ham. It is usually served thinly sliced. Several regions in Italy have their own variations of ''prosciutto crudo'', each with degrees of protected status, but the most prized are ''Prosciutto di Parma'' DOP, from Emilia-Romagna, and ''Prosciutto di San Daniele'' DOP, from Friuli-Venezia Giulia. Unlike speck ( Speck Alto Adige) from the South Tyrol region, prosciutto is not smoked. There is also a tradition of making prosciutto in southern Switzerland. In Italian, ''prosciutto'' means any type of ham, either dry-cured (''prosciutto crudo'' or simply ''crudo'') or cooked (''prosciutto cotto''), but in English-speaking countries, it usually means either Italian ''prosciutto crudo'' or similar hams made elsewhere. However, the word ''prosciutto'' itself is not protected; cooked ham may legally be, and in practice is, sold as ''prosciutto'' (usually as ''prosciutto cotto'', and from I ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Parmesan
Parmesan (, ) is an Italian cuisine, Italian Types of cheese#Hard cheese, hard, Types of cheese#Granular, granular cheese produced from Dairy cattle, cow's milk and aged at least 12 months. It is a Grana (cheese), grana-type cheese, along with Grana Padano, the historic , and others. The term ''Parmesan'' may refer to either Parmigiano Reggiano or, when outside the European Union and Lisbon Agreement for the Protection of Appellations of Origin and their International Registration, Lisbon Agreement countries, a locally produced Parmesan#Non-European Parmesan cheese, imitation. Parmigiano Reggiano is named after two of the areas which produce it, the Italian provinces of Province of Parma, Parma and Province of Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia (''Parmigiano'' is the Italian adjective for the city and province of Parma and ''Reggiano'' is the adjective for the province of Reggio Emilia); it is also produced in the part of Province of Bologna, Bologna west of the Reno (river), River ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Giuseppe Verdi
Giuseppe Fortunino Francesco Verdi ( ; ; 9 or 10 October 1813 – 27 January 1901) was an Italian composer best known for List of compositions by Giuseppe Verdi, his operas. He was born near Busseto, a small town in the province of Parma, to a family of moderate means, receiving a musical education with the help of a local patron, Antonio Barezzi. Verdi came to dominate the Italian opera scene after the era of Gioachino Rossini, Vincenzo Bellini, and Gaetano Donizetti, whose works significantly influenced him. In his early operas, Verdi demonstrated sympathy with the Risorgimento movement which sought the unification of Italy. He also served briefly as an elected politician. The chorus "Va, pensiero" from his early opera ''Nabucco'' (1842), and similar choruses in later operas, were much in the spirit of the unification movement, and the composer himself became esteemed as a representative of these ideals. An intensely private person, Verdi did not seek to ingratiate hims ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Parmigiano Dialect
The Parmigiano dialect, sometimes anglicized as the Parmesan dialect, (''al djalètt pramzàn'') is a variety of the Emilian language spoken in the Province of Parma, the western-central portion of the Emilia-Romagna administrative region. Terminology The term ''dialetto'', usually translated as ''dialect'' in English, is commonly used in reference to all local Romance languages native to Italy, many of which are not mutually intelligible with Standard Italian and all of which have developed from Vulgar Latin independently. Parmigiano is no exception and is a variety of Emilian, not of Italian. Classification Parmigiano is a dialect of Emilian, which is identified as "seriously endangered" by UNESCO. Emilian is part of the Gallo-Italic family, which also includes Romagnol, Piedmontese, Ligurian, and Lombard. Among these, Ligurian in particular has influenced Parmigiano. History Parmigiano has much of the history as Emilian, but at some point, it diverged from other ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Holy Roman Empire
The Holy Roman Empire, also known as the Holy Roman Empire of the German Nation after 1512, was a polity in Central and Western Europe, usually headed by the Holy Roman Emperor. It developed in the Early Middle Ages, and lasted for a millennium until its Dissolution of the Holy Roman Empire, dissolution in 1806 during the Napoleonic Wars. For most of its history the Empire comprised the entirety of the modern countries of Germany, Czechia, Austria, the Netherlands, Belgium, Switzerland, Slovenia, and Luxembourg, most of north-central Italy, and large parts of modern-day east France and west Poland. On 25 December 800, Pope Leo III crowned the Frankish king Charlemagne Roman emperor, reviving the title more than three centuries after the fall of the Western Roman Empire in 476. The title lapsed in 924, but was revived in 962 when Otto I, OttoI was crowned emperor by Pope John XII, as Charlemagne's and the Carolingian Empire's successor. From 962 until the 12th century, the empire ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kingdom Of Italy (Holy Roman Empire)
The Kingdom of Italy ( or ; ; ), also called Imperial Italy (; ), was one of the constituent kingdoms of the Holy Roman Empire, along with the kingdoms of Germany, Bohemia, and Burgundy. It originally comprised large parts of northern and central Italy. Its original capital was Pavia until the 11th century. Following the fall of the Western Roman Empire in 476 and the brief rule of Odoacer, Italy was ruled by the Ostrogoths and later the Lombards. In 773, Charlemagne, the king of the Franks, crossed the Alps and invaded the Lombard kingdom, which encompassed all of Italy except the Duchy of Rome, the Republic of Venice and the Byzantine possessions in the south. In June 774, the kingdom collapsed and the Franks became masters of northern Italy. The southern areas remained under Lombard control, as the Duchy of Benevento was changed into the independent Principality of Benevento. Charlemagne called himself king of the Lombards and in 800 was crowned emperor in Rome. Membe ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Parma (shield)
A ''parma'' or ''parmula'' (the diminutive of ''parma'') was a type of round shield used by the Roman army, especially during the later period of Roman Empire, imperial history since the 3rd century. Characteristics The ''parma'' was about 36 inches (91 cm) across (or less) and had iron in its frame, making it a very effective piece of armour. ''Parmae'' had handles and shield bosses (''umbones''). The ''parma'' was used by legionaries in the early republican period of Rome's history, by the lowest class division of the army— the ''velites''. Their equipment consisted of a ''parma'', javelin, sword and helmet. Later, the ''parma'' was replaced by the body-length ''scutum'' as ''velites'' were phased out with the so-called "Marian reforms". War use It was used mainly by Auxilia, auxiliary infantry and cavalry, with the Legionary, legionaries preferring the heavier but more protective ''scutum'', during earlier periods. It was used also by ''signiferi'' (standard bear ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
