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Oxyaenidae
Oxyaenidae ("sharp hyenas") is a family of extinct carnivorous placental mammals. Traditionally classified in order Creodonta, this group is now classified in its own order Oxyaenodonta ("sharp tooth hyenas") within clade Pan-Carnivora in mirorder Ferae. The group contains four subfamilies comprising fourteen genera. Oxyaenids were the first to appear during the late Paleocene in North America, while smaller radiations of oxyaenids in Europe and Asia occurred during the Eocene. Etymology The name of order Oxyaenodonta comes , name of hyena genus '' Hyaena'' and . The name of family Oxyaenidae comes , name of hyena genus ''Hyaena'' and taxonomic suffix " -idae". Description They were superficially cat-like mammals that walked on flat feet, in contrast to modern cats, which walk and run on their toes. Anatomically, characteristic features include a short, broad skull, deep jaws, and teeth designed for crushing rather than shearing, as in the hyaenodonts or modern cats. Oxyae ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Creodonta
Creodonta ("meat teeth") is a former order of extinct carnivorous placental mammals that lived from the early Paleocene to the late Miocene epochs in North America, Europe, Asia and Africa. Originally thought to be a single group of animals ancestral to the modern Carnivora, this order is now usually considered a polyphyletic assemblage of two different groups, the oxyaenids and the hyaenodonts, not a natural group. Oxyaenids are first known from the Palaeocene of North America, while hyaenodonts hail from the Palaeocene of Africa. Creodonts were the dominant carnivorous mammals from , peaking in diversity and prevalence during the Eocene. The first large, obviously carnivorous mammals appeared with the radiation of the oxyaenids in the late Paleocene. During the Paleogene, "creodont" species were the most abundant terrestrial carnivores in the Old World. In Oligocene Africa, hyaenodonts were the dominant group of large flesh-eaters, persisting until the middle of the Miocene. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Apataelurus
''Apataelurus'' ("false cat") is an extinct genus of saber-toothed placental mammals from the extinct family Oxyaenidae, that lived in North America and East Asia from the early to middle Eocene, 48-40 million years ago. This genus was defined by teeth that were well-adapted to a carnivorous diet. A distinct feature described was a long upper canine tooth that resembled a saber tooth. There are two species currently described: ''Apataelurus kayi'', the type species, and ''Apataelurus pishigouensis'', discovered in 1986. As a large, leopard-sized predator, ''Apataelurus'' dominated the Uinta Formation area. It was adapted to taking on large prey with more struggling motion tolerant muscles in its mouth, allowing it to attack large prey that would fight back. It was closely related to other Machaeroidinae, such as '' Diegoaelurus vanvalkenburghae''. ''Apataelurus'' and other species within the Uinta Basin emerged during a major transition between the reduction in tropical zones an ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Machaeroidinae Sp
Machaeroidinae ("dagger-like") is an extinct subfamily of carnivorous saber-toothed placental mammals, from the extinct family Oxyaenidae, that lived from the early to middle Eocene of Asia and North America.Malcolm C. McKenna, Susan K. Bell: ''Classification of Mammals: Above the Species Level'' in Columbia University Press, New York (1997), 631 Seiten. Traditionally classified as hyaenodonts, this group is now classified as a member of the family Oxyaenidae. Classification and phylogeny Taxonomy See also * Mammal classification * Oxyaenidae Oxyaenidae ("sharp hyenas") is a family of extinct carnivorous placental mammals. Traditionally classified in order Creodonta, this group is now classified in its own order Oxyaenodonta ("sharp tooth hyenas") within clade Pan-Carnivora in mirord ... References {{Taxonbar, from=Q15878983 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Palaeonictis
''Palaeonictis'' ("ancient weasel") is an extinct genus of placental mammals from extinct subfamily Palaeonictinae within extinct family Oxyaenidae, that lived in Europe and North America from the late Paleocene to the early Eocene. Description In life, it would have resembled a large modern wolverine. This predatory mammal had heavy jaws and blunt robust teeth more suited for crushing bones, than slicing meat. This meant that the plantigrade ''Palaeonictis'' was at least a part-time scavenger. The biggest species, ''Palaeonictis peloria'' (meaning "terrible ancient weasel") is known from an incomplete jaw that must have measured over in length. This animal was the largest carnivore in its ecosystem. , ''P. occidentalis'' (the size of a bear) evolved into the smaller ''P. wingi'' (the size of a coyote) within 200,000 years in the early Eocene due to global warming (paleoclimatology). By the end of the early Eocene (), ''Palaeonictis'' disappeared from North America, and by ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Machaeroidinae
Machaeroidinae ("dagger-like") is an extinct subfamily of carnivorous saber-toothed placental mammals, from the extinct family Oxyaenidae, that lived from the early to middle Eocene of Asia and North America.Malcolm C. McKenna, Susan K. Bell: ''Classification of Mammals: Above the Species Level'' in Columbia University Press, New York (1997), 631 Seiten. Traditionally classified as hyaenodonts, this group is now classified as a member of the family Oxyaenidae. Classification and phylogeny Taxonomy See also * Mammal classification * Oxyaenidae Oxyaenidae ("sharp hyenas") is a family of extinct carnivorous placental mammals. Traditionally classified in order Creodonta, this group is now classified in its own order Oxyaenodonta ("sharp tooth hyenas") within clade Pan-Carnivora in mirord ... References {{Taxonbar, from=Q15878983 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Oxyaena
''Oxyaena'' ("sharp hyena") is an extinct genus of placental mammals from extinct subfamily Oxyaeninae within extinct family Oxyaenidae, that lived in Europe, Asia and North America (with most specimens being found in Colorado) during the early Eocene. Taxonomy The name of the genus translates as "sharp hyaena" ( and name of hyena genus ''Hyaena''). Description The species were superficially cat or wolverine-like, with a flexible body long, and short limbs. Some species like ''Oxyaena forcipata'' were bigger with a body mass estimated to be 20 kg. ''Oxyaena'' had a broad, low skull (20 cm long) with a long facial part and a massive lower jaw, while its body and tail were long and its five-toed limbs were short. Oxyaenidae, a family of extinct meat-eating mammals, takes its name from this genus. Oxyaenids may have evolved in North or Central America, and tended to have long bodies and tails with short legs. Because of their shape, early studies often compared them to cats ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Oxyaeninae
Oxyaeninae ("sharp hyenas") is an extinct subfamily of placental mammals from extinct family Oxyaenidae, that lived in Asia, North America and Europe from the late Paleocene to middle Eocene.Malcolm C. McKenna, Susan K. Bell: ''Classification of Mammals: Above the Species Level'' in Columbia University Press, New York (1997), 631 Seiten. Etymology The name of the subfamily translates as "sharp hyaenas" (, name of hyena genus ''Hyaena'' and taxonomic suffix " -inae"). Classification and phylogeny Taxonomy * Subfamily: †Oxyaeninae Cope, 1877 ** Genus: †'' Argillotherium'' Davies, 1884 *** †''Argillotherium toliapicum'' Davies, 1884 ** Genus: †'' Dipsalidictis''(paraphyletic Paraphyly is a taxonomic term describing a grouping that consists of the grouping's last common ancestor and some but not all of its descendant lineages. The grouping is said to be paraphyletic ''with respect to'' the excluded subgroups. In co ... genus) Matthew & Granger, 1915 *** †''Dips ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Palaeonictinae
Palaeonictinae ("ancient weasels") is an extinct subfamily of placental mammals from extinct family Oxyaenidae, that lived from the late Paleocene to early Eocene of Europe and North America. Classification and phylogeny Taxonomy * Subfamily: †Palaeonictinae Denison, 1938 ** Genus: †'' Ambloctonus'' Cope, 1875 *** †''Ambloctonus major'' Denison, 1938 *** †''Ambloctonus priscus'' Matthew & Granger, 1915 *** †''Ambloctonus sinosus'' Cope, 1875 ** Genus: †'' Dipsalodon'' (paraphyletic genus) Jepsen, 1930 *** †''Dipsalodon churchillorum'' Rose, 1981 *** †''Dipsalodon matthewi'' Jepsen, 1930 ** Genus: †''Palaeonictis ''Palaeonictis'' ("ancient weasel") is an extinct genus of placental mammals from extinct subfamily Palaeonictinae within extinct family Oxyaenidae, that lived in Europe and North America from the late Paleocene to the early Eocene. Descripti ...'' de Blainville, 1842 *** †''Palaeonictis gigantea'' de Blainville, 1842 *** †''Palaeonictis oc ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ferae
Ferae ( , , "wild beasts") is a mirorder of Placentalia, placental mammals in grandorder Ferungulata, that groups together clades Pan-Carnivora (that includes carnivorans and their fossil relatives) and Pholidotamorpha (pangolins and their fossil relatives), and extinct order Pantolesta. General characteristics In mirorder Ferae The common feature for members of this mirorder is ossified tentorium cerebelli and the fusion of the scaphoid and lunate bone, lunate bones in the wrist.Floréal Solé & Thierry Smith (2013."Dispersals of placental carnivorous mammals (Carnivoramorpha, Oxyaenodonta & Hyaenodontida) near the Paleocene-Eocene boundary: a climatic and almost worldwide story"Geologica Belgica 16/4: 254–261 In clade Pan-Carnivora The common features for members of clade Pan-Carnivora are: * heterodont teeth that are sharp and for cutting meat, * canine teeth that are usually large, conical, pointed, thick and stress resistant, * and presence of the Carnassial, carn ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pan-Carnivora
Ferae ( , , "wild beasts") is a mirorder of placental mammals in grandorder Ferungulata, that groups together clades Pan-Carnivora (that includes carnivorans and their fossil relatives) and Pholidotamorpha (pangolins and their fossil relatives), and extinct order Pantolesta. General characteristics In mirorder Ferae The common feature for members of this mirorder is ossified tentorium cerebelli and the fusion of the scaphoid and lunate bones in the wrist.Floréal Solé & Thierry Smith (2013."Dispersals of placental carnivorous mammals (Carnivoramorpha, Oxyaenodonta & Hyaenodontida) near the Paleocene-Eocene boundary: a climatic and almost worldwide story"Geologica Belgica 16/4: 254–261 In clade Pan-Carnivora The common features for members of clade Pan-Carnivora are: * heterodont teeth that are sharp and for cutting meat, * canine teeth that are usually large, conical, pointed, thick and stress resistant, * and presence of the carnassial teeth. Carnassials are feat ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Diegoaelurus
''Diegoaelurus'' ("San Diego's cat") is an extinct genus of placental mammals from the extinct subfamily Machaeroidinae within extinct family Oxyaenidae. This genus contains only one species ''Diegoaelurus vanvalkenburghae'', which was found in the Santiago Formation in California. This mammal lived during the Uintan stage of the Middle Eocene Epoch around 46.2 to 39.7 million years ago. Etymology The name of genus ''Diegoaelurus'' comes from city San Diego and . ''Diegoaelurus vanvalkenburghae'' was named after Dr. Blaire Van Valkenburgh in honor of her research on carnivorous mammals and saber-toothed predator paleoecology. Discovery The holotype fossils were discovered in Oceanside, San Diego county by paleontologist Brad Riney in 1988. The fossils were housed for over three decades in a museum until 2022 when the fossils were described and recognised as a new genus and species. This creature is so far the only North American species of Machaeroidinae known outside ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Machaeroides
''Machaeroides'' ("dagger-like") is an extinct genus of sabre-toothed predatory placental mammals from extinct subfamily Machaeroidinae within extinct family Oxyaenidae, that lived in North America (Wyoming) from the early to middle Eocene. Description Both species bore a passing or superficial resemblance to a very small, dog-sized saber-toothed cat. ''Machaeroides'' could be distinguished from actual saber-toothed cats by their more-elongated skulls, and their plantigrade stance. ''Machaeroides'' species are distinguished from the closely related ''Apataelurus'' by the fact that the former genus had smaller saber-teeth. Despite its small size, the genus ''Machairoides'' was well-equipped to hunt prey larger than itself, such as the small, primitive horses and rhinoceroses present at the time, as it was equipped with saber teeth and powerful forelimbs to subdue prey. ''M. eothen'' weighed an estimated , thus matching in size a small Staffordshire Terrier. ''M. simpsoni'' was p ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
