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Minor Arcana
The Minor Arcana, sometimes known as the Lesser Arcana, are the Suit (cards), suit cards in a Cartomancy, cartomantic tarot deck. Ordinary tarot cards first appeared in northern Italy in the 1440s and were designed for tarot card games. They typically have four suits each of 10 unillustrated pip cards numbered one (ace) to ten, along with 4 Face card, court cards (face cards). Tarot games are still widely played in central and southern Europe; French Tarot is the second most popular card game in France after Belote. By contrast, cartomantic tarot cards emerged in France in the late 18th century, popularised by occultists such as Etteilla. The terms "Major" and "Minor Arcana" originate with Jean-Baptiste Pitois (1811–1877), ''nom de plume'' Paul Christian.Ronald Decker, Thierry Depaulis, and Michael Dummett. ''A Wicked Pack of Cards. The Origins of the Occult Tarot''. New York. St. Martin's Press, 1996 In their contemporary versions, the Minor Arcana are often illustrated— ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Suit Of Cups
The suit of cups is one of four suits of tarot which, collectively, make up the Minor Arcana. They are sometimes referred to as goblets and chalices. Like the other suits of the Minor Arcana, it contains fourteen cards: ace (one), two through ten, page, knight, queen and king. Historically, the suit represented the First Estate (the Clergy). Tarot cards were originally designed for card play and are still used throughout much of Europe to play various Tarot card games. However, in English language, English-speaking countries, where the games are largely unknown, Tarot cards came to be utilized primarily for Tarot reading, divinatory purposes. In modern card games, the equivalent suits (depending on deck type and origin) are Hearts (suit), Hearts or Cups (suit), Cups.Paul Huson, Huson, Paul, (2004) ''Mystical Origins of the Tarot: From Ancient Roots to Modern Usage'', Vermont: Destiny Books,''Mystical Origins of the Tarot'' Divinatory and occult meanings In tarot, the element of c ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Spades (suit)
Spades () () is one of the four playing card suits in the standard French-suited playing cards. It has the same shape as the Leaves (suit), leaf symbol in German-suited playing cards but its appearance is more akin to that of an upside down black Hearts (card suit), heart with a stalk at its base. It symbolises the Pike (weapon), pike or halberd, two medieval weapons, but is actually an adaptation of the German suit symbol of Leaves (suit), Leaves created when French suits were invented around 1480.Dummett (1980), p. 22. In Contract bridge, bridge, spades rank as the highest suit. In Skat (card game), skat and similar games, it is the second-highest suit. Name The word "Spade" is probably derived from the Old Spanish ''spada'' meaning "Swords (suit), sword" and suggests that Spanish suits were used in England before French suits. The French name for this suit, ("pike"), meant, in the 14th century, a weapon formed by an iron spike placed at the end of a Pike (weapon), pike. In ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fire (classical Element)
Fire is one of the four classical elements along with earth, water and air in ancient Greek philosophy and science. Fire is considered to be both hot and dry and, according to Plato, is associated with the tetrahedron. Greek and Roman tradition Fire is one of the four classical elements in ancient Greek philosophy and science. It was commonly associated with the qualities of energy, assertiveness, and passion. In one Greek myth, Prometheus stole ''fire'' from the gods to protect the otherwise helpless humans, but was punished for this charity. Fire was one of many '' archai'' proposed by the pre-Socratics, most of whom sought to reduce the cosmos, or its creation, to a single substance. Heraclitus considered ''fire'' to be the most fundamental of all elements. He believed fire gave rise to the other three elements: "All things are an interchange for fire, and fire for all things, just like goods for gold and gold for goods." Diels-Kranz B90 (Freeman 9481970p. 45. He had ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Clubs (suit)
Clubs () () is one of the four playing card suits in the standard French-suited playing cards. The symbol was derived from that of the suit of Acorns (suit), Acorns in a German-suited playing cards, German deck when French suits were invented, around 1480. In Skat (card game), Skat and Doppelkopf, Clubs are the highest-ranked suit (whereas Diamonds (suit), Diamonds and Bells (suit), Bells are the trump suit in Doppelkopf). In Contract bridge, Bridge, Clubs are the lowest suit. Name Its original French language, French name is which means "clover" and the card symbol depicts a three-leafed clover leaf. The Italian language, Italian name is ("flower"). However, the English language, English name "Clubs" is a translation of ''basto'', the Spanish name for the suit of batons (suit), batons, suggesting that Spanish-suited cards were used in England before French suits were invented. In Germany, this suit is known as ("cross"), especially in the International Skat (card game), Ska ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Divinatory, Esoteric And Occult Tarot
Tarot card reading is a form of cartomancy whereby practitioners use tarot cards to purportedly gain insight into the past, present or future. The process typically begins with formulation of a question, followed by drawing and interpreting cards to uncover meaning. A traditional tarot deck consists of 78 cards, which can be split into two groups, the Major Arcana and Minor Arcana. French-suited playing cards can also be used; as can any card system with suits assigned to identifiable elements (e.g., air, earth, fire, water). History The first written references to tarot packs occurred between 1440 and 1450 in northern Italy, for example in Milan and Ferrara, when additional cards with allegorical illustrations were added to the common four-suit pack. These new packs were called , triumph packs, and the additional cards were simply known as trionfi, which became "trumps" in English. One of the earliest references to tarot triumphs appears around c. 1450–1470 mentioned by a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
French-suited Playing Cards
French-suited playing cards or French-suited cards are playing cards, cards that use the French Playing card suit, suits of (clovers or clubs ), (tiles or diamonds ), (hearts ), and (pikes or spades ). Each suit contains three or four face cards, face/court cards. In a standard 52-card deck these are the (jack (playing card), knave or jack), the (queen (playing card), lady or queen), and the (king (playing card), king). In addition, in Tarot packs, there is a (Knight (playing card), knight) ranking between the queen and the jack. Aside from these aspects, decks can include a wide variety of regional and national patterns, which often have stripped deck, different deck sizes. In comparison to Spanish playing cards, Spanish, Italian playing cards, Italian, German playing cards, German, and Swiss playing cards, French cards are the most widespread due to the geopolitical, commercial, and cultural influence of France, the United Kingdom, and the United States ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tarot Of Marseilles
The Tarot of Marseilles is a standard pattern of Italian-suited tarot pack with 78 cards that was very popular in France in the 17th and 18th centuries for playing tarot card games and is still produced today. It was probably created in Milan before spreading to much of France, Switzerland and Northern Italy. The name is sometimes spelt Tarot of Marseille, but the name recommended by the International Playing-Card Society is Tarot de Marseille, although it accepts the two English names as alternatives. "Page of Batons"), the title of that card generally appears on the side of the card, while in some old versions of the Tarot de Marseille that card, along with either some or all others, is left unnamed. In the Tarot de Marseille, as is standard among Italian suited playing cards, the pip cards in the suit of swords are drawn as abstract symbols in curved lines, forming a shape reminiscent of a mandorla. On the even numbered cards, the abstract curved lines are all that is present. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Visconti-Sforza Tarot
The Visconti-Sforza Tarot is used collectively to refer to incomplete sets of approximately 15 decks from the middle of the 15th century, now located in various museums, libraries, and private collections around the world. No complete deck has survived; rather, some collections have a few face cards, while some consist of a single card. They are the oldest surviving tarot cards and date back to a period when tarot was still called Trionfi ("triumphs" i.e. trump) cards, and used for everyday playing. They were commissioned by Filippo Maria Visconti, Duke of Milan, and by his successor and son-in-law Francesco Sforza. They had a significant impact on the visual composition, card numbering and interpretation of modern decks. Overview The surviving cards are of particular historical interest because of the beauty and detail of the design, which was often executed in precious materials and often reproduce members of the Visconti and Sforza families in period garments and settings. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
King (playing Card)
The king is a playing card with a picture of a king displayed on it. The king is usually the highest-ranking face card. In the French version of playing cards and tarot decks, the king immediately outranks the queen. In Italian and Spanish playing cards, the king immediately outranks the knight. In German and Swiss playing cards, the king immediately outranks the '' Ober''. In some games, the king is the highest-ranked card; in others, the Ace is higher. Aces began outranking kings around 1500 with Trappola being the earliest known game in which the aces were highest in all four suits. In the ace–ten family of games such as pinochle and Schnapsen, both the ace and the 10 rank higher than the king. History The king card is the oldest and most universal court card. It most likely originated in Persian Ganjifeh where kings are depicted as seated on thrones and outranking the viceroy cards which are mounted on horses. Playing cards were transmitted to Italy and Spain via ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Queen (playing Card)
The queen is a playing card with a picture of a queen on it. In many European languages, the king and queen begin with the same letter so the latter is often called ''dame'' (lady) or variations thereof. In French playing cards, the usual rank of a queen is between the king and the jack. In tarot decks, it outranks the knight which in turn outranks the jack. In the Spanish deck and some Italian decks, the Queen does not exist and the Knight appears in them instead, with the same role and value. In several card games, including the middle eastern Trex and French Barbu, the queen is a major card to avoid taking, with each queen taken inflicting a penalty on the player. Similarly, in Hearts, the queen of spades is to be avoided, and is called a variety of unsavoury names. In the Paris pattern, each court card is identified as a particular historical or mythological personage as follows: Image:Queen of spades fr.svg, Pallas Image:Queen of hearts fr.svg, Judith, Biblical ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Knight (playing Card)
A knight or cavalier is a playing card with a picture of a man riding a horse on it. It is a standard face or court card in Italian and Spanish packs where it is usually referred to as the 'knight' in English, the ''caballo'' in Spanish or the ''cavallo'' in Italian. It ranks between the knave and the king within its suit; therefore, it replaces the queen, nonexistent in these packs. The card also features in tarot and tarock packs. In French-suited tarot packs it is usually called the 'cavalier' in English, the ''chevalier'' in French or the ''Cavall'' or ''Reiter'' in German. and ranks between the jack and the queen. Knights do not appear in German or Swiss playing cards; their place being occupied by an upper knave card called the Ober. One exception is the Württemberg pattern where the Obers are seen riding on horses. This depiction was inspired by Cego tarot decks during the 19th century. History In the original Mamluk Egyptian deck, there were three court card ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
