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Microstomatidae
The Microstomatidae (pencil smelts) are a family of marine smelts native to the Atlantic, Indian, and Pacific Oceans. Their bodies are small and slender, with large eyes and a small mouth. The dorsal fin is located behind the midpoint of their body, with pectoral fins on sides of their body, and the lateral line extends over the caudal fin. These fins lack spines. They are inhabitants of the mesopelagic to bathypelagic zone, where they feed on zooplankton Zooplankton are the heterotrophic component of the planktonic community (the " zoo-" prefix comes from ), having to consume other organisms to thrive. Plankton are aquatic organisms that are unable to swim effectively against currents. Consequent .... References * * Deep sea fish Marine fish families Euteleostei families {{Argentiniformes-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Microstoma (fish)
''Microstoma'' is a genus Genus (; : genera ) is a taxonomic rank above species and below family (taxonomy), family as used in the biological classification of extant taxon, living and fossil organisms as well as Virus classification#ICTV classification, viruses. In bino ... of pencil smelt. Species There are currently 2 species in this genus: * '' Microstoma australis'' Gon & A. L. Stewart, 2014 (Slender smallmouth) Gon, O. & Stewart, A.L. (2014): Description of a new species of Microstoma (Pisces, Microstomatidae) from the southwestern Pacific Ocean. ''Zootaxa, 3884 (1): 55–64.'' * '' Microstoma microstoma'' A. Risso, 1810 (Slender argentine) References Microstomatidae Ray-finned fish genera Taxa named by Georges Cuvier {{Argentiniformes-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nansenia (fish)
''Nansenia'' is a genus Genus (; : genera ) is a taxonomic rank above species and below family (taxonomy), family as used in the biological classification of extant taxon, living and fossil organisms as well as Virus classification#ICTV classification, viruses. In bino ... of pencil smelts. Species There are currently 18 recognized species in this genus: * '' Nansenia ahlstromi'' Kawaguchi & J. L. Butler, 1984 * '' Nansenia antarctica'' Kawaguchi & J. L. Butler, 1984 * '' Nansenia ardesiaca'' D. S. Jordan & W. F. Thompson, 1914 (Robust smallmouth) * '' Nansenia atlantica'' Blache & Rossignol, 1962 * '' Nansenia boreacrassicauda'' J. Y. Poulsen, 2015 (Northern fat-tail pencil smelt) Poulsen, J.Y. (2015): A new species of pencil smelt ''Nansenia boreacrassicauda'' (Microstomatidae, Argentiniformes) from the North Atlantic Ocean. ''Zootaxa, 4020 (3): 517-532.'' * '' Nansenia candida'' Cohen, 1958 (Blue-throat argentine) * '' Nansenia crassa'' Lavenberg, 1965 (Stout ar ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Marine Smelt
The Argentiniformes is an order of marine ray-finned fish whose distinctness was recognized only fairly recently. In former times, they were included in the Osmeriformes (typical smelt and allies) as suborder Argentinoidei. That term refers only to the suborder of marine smelts and barreleyes in the classification used here, with the slickheads and allies being the Alepocephaloidei. These suborders were treated as superfamilies Argentinoidea and Alepocephaloidea, respectively, when the present group was still included in the Osmeriformes. They contain six or seven families with almost 60 genera and at least 228 species. A common name for the group is marine smelts and allies, but this is rather misleading since the "freshwater" smelts of the Osmeridae also live predominantly in the ocean.FishBase (2006)Order Osmeriformes Version of 2006-OCT-09. Retrieved 2009-SEP-28. pp. 190–194 The earliest fossil argentiniform remains are otoliths of indeterminate argentinids from th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Slender Argentine
The slender argentine, ''Microstoma microstoma'', is a species of pencil smelt, found around the world in tropical and subtropical areas. This species grows to a length of TL. References * * Tony Ayling & Geoffrey Cox, ''Collins Guide to the Sea Fishes of New Zealand'', (William Collins Publishers Ltd, Auckland, New Zealand 1982) Microstomatidae Fish described in 1810 {{Argentiniformes-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Xenophthalmichthys
''Xenophthalmichthys danae'' is a species of pencil smelt found in deep waters to . This species has been found in the western Pacific Ocean and the Atlantic Ocean The Atlantic Ocean is the second largest of the world's five borders of the oceans, oceanic divisions, with an area of about . It covers approximately 17% of Earth#Surface, Earth's surface and about 24% of its water surface area. During the ... and is suspected to be circumtropical. This species grows to a length of SL. References * Fish described in 1925 Fish of the Atlantic Ocean Fish of the Pacific Ocean Microstomatidae Monotypic fish genera Taxa named by Charles Tate Regan {{Argentiniformes-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Atlantic
The Atlantic Ocean is the second largest of the world's five oceanic divisions, with an area of about . It covers approximately 17% of Earth's surface and about 24% of its water surface area. During the Age of Discovery, it was known for separating the New World of the Americas (North America and South America) from the Old World of Afro-Eurasia (Africa, Asia, and Europe). Through its separation of Afro-Eurasia from the Americas, the Atlantic Ocean has played a central role in the development of human society, globalization, and the histories of many nations. While the Norse were the first known humans to cross the Atlantic, it was the expedition of Christopher Columbus in 1492 that proved to be the most consequential. Columbus's expedition ushered in an age of exploration and colonization of the Americas by European powers, most notably Portugal, Spain, France, and the United Kingdom. From the 16th to 19th centuries, the Atlantic Ocean was the center of both an eponymou ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Indian Ocean
The Indian Ocean is the third-largest of the world's five oceanic divisions, covering or approximately 20% of the water area of Earth#Surface, Earth's surface. It is bounded by Asia to the north, Africa to the west and Australia (continent), Australia to the east. To the south it is bounded by the Southern Ocean or Antarctica, depending on the definition in use. The Indian Ocean has large marginal or regional seas, including the Andaman Sea, the Arabian Sea, the Bay of Bengal, and the Laccadive Sea. Geologically, the Indian Ocean is the youngest of the oceans, and it has distinct features such as narrow continental shelf, continental shelves. Its average depth is 3,741 m. It is the warmest ocean, with a significant impact on global climate due to its interaction with the atmosphere. Its waters are affected by the Indian Ocean Walker circulation, resulting in unique oceanic currents and upwelling patterns. The Indian Ocean is ecologically diverse, with important ecosystems such ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pacific Ocean
The Pacific Ocean is the largest and deepest of Earth's five Borders of the oceans, oceanic divisions. It extends from the Arctic Ocean in the north to the Southern Ocean, or, depending on the definition, to Antarctica in the south, and is bounded by the continents of Asia and Australia in the west and the Americas in the east. At in area (as defined with a southern Antarctic border), the Pacific Ocean is the largest division of the World Ocean and the hydrosphere and covers approximately 46% of Earth's water surface and about 32% of the planet's total surface area, larger than its entire land area ().Pacific Ocean . ''Encyclopædia Britannica, Britannica Concise.'' 2008: Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc. The centers of both the Land and water hemispheres, water hemisphere and the Western Hemisphere, as well as the Pole of inaccessi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lateral Line
The lateral line, also called the lateral line organ (LLO), is a system of sensory organs found in fish, used to detect movement, vibration, and pressure gradients in the surrounding water. The sensory ability is achieved via modified epithelial cells, known as hair cells, which respond to displacement caused by motion and transduce these signals into electrical impulses via excitatory synapses. Lateral lines play an important role in schooling behavior, predation, and orientation. Early in the evolution of fish, some of the sensory organs of the lateral line were modified to function as the electroreceptors called ampullae of Lorenzini. The lateral line system is ancient and basal to the vertebrate clade, as it is found in fishes that diverged over 400 million years ago. Function The lateral line system allows the detection of movement, vibration, and pressure gradients in the water surrounding an animal. It plays an essential role in orientation, predation, and fish ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mesopelagic Zone
The mesopelagic zone (Greek μέσον, middle), also known as the middle pelagic or twilight zone, is the part of the pelagic zone that lies between the photic epipelagic and the aphotic bathypelagic zones. It is defined by light, and begins at the depth where only 1% of incident light reaches and ends where there is no light; the depths of this zone are between approximately below the ocean surface. The mesopelagic zone occupies about 60% of the planet's surface and about 20% of the ocean's volume, amounting to a large part of the total biosphere. It hosts a diverse biological community that includes bristlemouths, blobfish, bioluminescent jellyfish, giant squid, and myriad other unique organisms adapted to live in a low-light environment. It has long captivated the imagination of scientists, artists and writers; deep sea creatures are prominent in popular culture. Physical conditions The mesopelagic zone includes the region of sharp changes in temperature, salinity ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bathypelagic Zone
The bathypelagic zone or bathyal zone (from Greek βαθύς (bathýs), deep) is the part of the open ocean that extends from a depth of below the ocean surface. It lies between the mesopelagic above and the abyssopelagic below. The bathypelagic is also known as the midnight zone because of the lack of sunlight; this feature does not allow for photosynthesis-driven primary production, preventing growth of phytoplankton or aquatic plants. Although larger by volume than the photic zone, human knowledge of the bathypelagic zone remains limited by ability to explore the deep ocean. Physical characteristics The bathypelagic zone is characterized by a nearly constant temperature of approximately and a salinity range of 33-35 g/kg. This region has little to no light because sunlight does not reach this deep in the ocean and bioluminescence is limited. The hydrostatic pressure in this zone ranges from 100-400 atmospheres (atm) due to the increase of 1 atm for every 10 m depth. It ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
