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Mass Media In Afghanistan
The mass media in Afghanistan is monitored by the Ministry of Information and Culture (MoIC), and includes broadcasting, digital and printing. It is mainly in Dari and Pashto, the official languages of the nation. It was reported in 2019 that Afghanistan had over 107 TV stations and 284 radio stations, including 100s of print media and over 1,800 online media outlets. After the return of the Islamic Emirate of Afghanistan (IEA) in 2021, there was a concern that the mass media will significantly decrease in the country. The number of digital media outlets is steadily increasing with the help of Facebook, Instagram, TikTok, Twitter, YouTube, and other such online platforms. IEA's spokesman Zabihullah Mujahid suggested that the media should be in line with Sharia and national interests. Media history The first newspaper, '' Shams-ul-Nahar'' was published in 1873 during the rule of Sher Ali Khan. Another newspaper, '' Siraj-ul-Akhbar'' (Lamp of the News) was initially published ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ministry Of Information And Culture (Afghanistan)
The Afghan Ministry of Information and Culture (, ) is the Afghan Government Ministry in charge of Culture, Tourism, Publishing Affairs and Youth Affairs. The ministry is currently led by Khairullah Khairkhwa. Ministers Former Minister of Information, Culture and Youth Affairs, now MoIC: * Dr. Sayed Makhdoom Raheen Rahin, * Abdul Karim Khurram (2009), * Dr. Sayed Makhdoom Raheen (20100103-20140930), * Dr. Sayed Makhdoom Raheen Acting Minister of (Information), Culture and Youth (20141001) * acting Minister of Information and Culture Ghulam Nabi Farahi (20141209) * Acting Minister of Information and Culture, Sayed Mosaddiq Khalili (20150213) * Abdul Bari Jahani (20150418, 20161107) vote of no confidence * Mrs. Sayeda Muzhgan Mostafavi, acting Minister of Information and Culture (20171023) * Prof. Mohammad Rasoul Bawari acting Minister (20170423, 20180625) * Fazel Sancharaki, acting (20180102) * Mrs. Hassina Safi acting (20180625, 20190107) * Tahir Zuhair Taher Zuhair (2020040 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
YouTube
YouTube is an American social media and online video sharing platform owned by Google. YouTube was founded on February 14, 2005, by Steve Chen, Chad Hurley, and Jawed Karim who were three former employees of PayPal. Headquartered in San Bruno, California, it is the second-most-visited website in the world, after Google Search. In January 2024, YouTube had more than 2.7billion monthly active users, who collectively watched more than one billion hours of videos every day. , videos were being uploaded to the platform at a rate of more than 500 hours of content per minute, and , there were approximately 14.8billion videos in total. On November 13, 2006, YouTube was purchased by Google for $1.65 billion (equivalent to $ billion in ). Google expanded YouTube's business model of generating revenue from advertisements alone, to offering paid content such as movies and exclusive content produced by and for YouTube. It also offers YouTube Premium, a paid subs ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Constitution Of Afghanistan
Afghanistan is a theocratic emirate with a totalitarian regime ruled by the Taliban, a political and miliant Islamist movement adhere the Deobandi jihadist ideology with Pashtunwali influences, which holds a monopoly on power. Dissent is not permitted, and politics are mostly limited to internal Taliban policy debates and power struggles. There is no constitution or other basis for the rule of law. The structure is autocratic, with all power concentrated in the hands of the supreme leader and his clerical advisors. According to the V-Dem Democracy indices Afghanistan was as of 2023 the 4th least electoral democratic country in the world. Afghanistan has been unstable for decades, with frequent coups, civil wars, and violent transfers of power. Most recently, the Taliban seized power in 2021 from the Western-backed Islamic Republic, and re-formed the government to implement a far stricter interpretation of Sharia law according to the Hanafi school. History Government operatio ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Radio Kabul
Radio Afghanistan, also known as Radio Kabul or Voice of Sharia, is the public radio station of Afghanistan, owned by Radio Television Afghanistan. The frequencies are 1107 kHz (AM) and 105.2 MHz (FM) for the Kabul area. The name ''Radio Kabul'' has been given to many different incarnations of the state-run radio station since the first radio transmitters were installed in Kabul in the 1920s. History Origins In 1925, a 200 watt Russian transmitter operating at AM 833 kHz was installed in Kabul Palace by King Amanullah Khan. This transmitter was destroyed in the 1929 uprising against the King. The transmitter was replaced in 1931 by the new king Mohammed Nadir Shah, and was upgraded in 1940 when a new 20 kilowatt transmitter was installed in its place, operating at 600 kHz. This is generally considered the official birth of Radio Kabul. Programmes were broadcast in Pashto, Dari Persian, Urdu, English and French. Peacetime As King Mohammed Zahir Shah tried to rein ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Amanullah Khan
Ghazi (warrior), Ghazi Amanullah Khan (Pashto/Dari: ; 1 June 1892 – 26 April 1960) was the head of state, sovereign of Afghanistan from 1919, first as Emirate of Afghanistan, Emir and after 1926 as Kingdom of Afghanistan, King, until his abdication in 1929. After the end of the Third Anglo-Afghan War in August 1919, Afghanistan was able to relinquish its British protectorate#List of former British protected states, protected state status to proclaim independence and pursue an independent foreign policy free from the influence of the United Kingdom. His rule was marked by dramatic political and social change, including attempts to modernise Afghanistan along Western lines. He did not fully succeed in achieving this objective due to an uprising by Habibullah Kalakani and his followers. On 14 January 1929, Amanullah abdicated and fled to neighbouring British India as the Afghan Civil War (1928–1929), Afghan Civil War began to escalate. From British India, he went to Europe, whe ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
List Of Monarchs Of Afghanistan
This article lists the heads of state of Afghanistan since the foundation of the first modern Afghan state, the Hotak Empire, in 1709. History The Hotak Empire was formed after a successful uprising led by Mirwais Hotak and other Afghan tribal chiefs from the Kandahar region against Mughal and Safavid Persian rule. After a long series of wars, the Hotak Empire was eventually replaced by the Durrani Afghan Empire, founded by Ahmad Shah Durrani in 1747. After the collapse of the Durrani Empire in 1823, the Barakzai dynasty founded the Emirate of Kabul, later known as the Emirate of Afghanistan. The Durrani dynasty regained power in 1839, during the First Anglo-Afghan War, when former ruler Shah Shujah Durrani seized the throne under the British auspices. Shah Shujah was assassinated in 1842, following the British retreat. Afterwards the Barakzai dynasty regained power, eventually transformed the Emirate into the Kingdom of Afghanistan in 1926, and ruled the countr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Journalism
Journalism is the production and distribution of reports on the interaction of events, facts, ideas, and people that are the "news of the day" and that informs society to at least some degree of accuracy. The word, a noun, applies to the journalist, occupation (professional or not), the methods of gathering information, and the organizing literary styles. The appropriate role for journalism varies from country to country, as do perceptions of the profession, and the resulting status. In some nations, the news media are controlled by government and are not independent. In others, news media are independent of the government and operate as private industry. In addition, countries may have differing implementations of laws handling the freedom of speech, freedom of the press as well as slander and Libel, libel cases. The proliferation of the Internet and smartphones has brought significant changes to the media landscape since the turn of the 21st century. This has created a shif ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
British Raj
The British Raj ( ; from Hindustani language, Hindustani , 'reign', 'rule' or 'government') was the colonial rule of the British The Crown, Crown on the Indian subcontinent, * * lasting from 1858 to 1947. * * It is also called Crown rule in India, * * * * or direct rule in India. * Quote: "Mill, who was himself employed by the British East India company from the age of seventeen until the British government assumed direct rule over India in 1858." * * The region under British control was commonly called India in contemporaneous usage and included areas directly administered by the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, United Kingdom, which were collectively called ''Presidencies and provinces of British India, British India'', and areas ruled by indigenous rulers, but under British British paramountcy, paramountcy, called the princely states. The region was sometimes called the Indian Empire, though not officially. As ''India'', it was a founding member of th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mahmud Tarzi
Mahmud Tarzi (, Dari: محمود بیگ طرزی; August 23, 1865 – November 22, 1933) was an Afghan politician and intellectual. He is known as the father of Afghan journalism. He became a key figure in the history of Afghanistan, following the lead of Mustafa Kemal Atatürk in Turkey by working for modernization and secularization, and strongly opposing religious extremism and obscurantism. Tarzi emulated the Young Turks coalition. Early years Tarzi was born August 23, 1865, in Ghazni, Afghanistan. An ethnic Pashtun, his father was Ghulam Muhammad Tarzi, leader of the Mohammadzai royal house of Kandahar and a poet. His mother, Sultanat Begum belonged to Popalzai tribe, and was the fourth wife of his father. In 1881, shortly after Emir Abdur Rahman Khan came to power, Mahmud's father and the rest of the Tarzi family were expelled from Afghanistan. They first travelled to Karachi, Sindh, where they lived from January 1882 to March 1885. They then moved to the Ottoman Empire. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Seraj Al Akhbar
''Seraj al Akhbar'' () was a Persian newspaper that circulated in Kabul, Afghanistan from 1911–1919. Published in 1911, the newspaper was founded by Mahmud Tarzi as an attempt at modernization, with the support of Emir Habibullah Khan. It was primarily a political newspaper, purposing to keep the country informed about international affairs, and the current events of the country. Seraj al Akhbar promoted Pan-Islamism, and supported the young Turks coalition in the Ottoman Empire. As the first recognized newspaper in the country, ''Seraj al Akhbar'' is regarded as the founding of the Afghan press. History Founding Mahmud Tarzi was born in Ghazni, Afghanistan, on August 23, 1865, the son of Sardar Gholam Mohammad Tarzi, who was leader of the Mohamadzai royal house, and a popular poet. When the family was condemned to exile in 1881, following the accession of Emir Abdur Rahman Khan, they lived in Karachi, Sindh for four years, before moving to Syria. Tarzi travelled frequent ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sher Ali Khan
Sher Ali Khan (Dari/; c. 1825 – 21 February 1879) was Amir of Afghanistan from 1863 to 1866 and from 1868 until his death in 1879. He was one of the sons of Dost Mohammed Khan, founder of the Barakzai dynasty in Afghanistan. Life Sher Ali Khan was born into a Barakzai Pashtun family. Initially he seized power after his father died, but was quickly ousted by his older brother, Mohammad Afzal Khan. Afghan Civil War (1863-1869) followed and ended after Sher Ali Khan defeated his brother and regained the title of Amir. Reforms Sher Ali Khan's reign as Amir is often remembered for his attempts at reforming Barakzai rule in Afghanistan. Changes brought during his rule included the creation of government posts, military reform, the introduction of the first postal service in Afghanistan and the first attempts by an Afghan leader at promoting the Pashto language. Sher Ali Khan tried to limit the power of the Barakzai sardars. He didn't allow his sons to administer provi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Shams Al-Nahar
''Shams al-Nahar'' (), variously spelled as Shams ul-Nahar or Shamsul Nahar, was the first printed periodical publication in Afghanistan from 1873 until it ceased operations in 1878. It was published during the rule of Amir Shir Ali Khan. Recognized as the earliest newspaper of the country, it signified the formal beginning of Afghan media history. The periodical was released biweekly in Persian, though some sources claim it was also available in Pashto—two of the official languages widely spoken in Afghanistan. The issue comprised 16 pages. Its establishment is attributed to initiatives to introduce journalism in Afghanistan, with Jamal al-Din al-Afghani playing a central role in its conception. Shams-u-Nahar represented Afghanistan's initial interactions with regional journalism practices and laid the preparations for the subsequent development of media in the country. History Shamsul Nahar emerged at a time when Afghanistan was opening itself to regional and global infl ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
