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Languages Of Suriname
Suriname, officially the Republic of Suriname, is a country in northern South America, also considered as part of the Caribbean and the West Indies. It is a developing country with a Human Development Index, high level of human development; its economy of Suriname, economy is heavily dependent on its abundant Natural resource, natural resources, namely bauxite, gold, petroleum, and Agriculture, agricultural products. Suriname is a member of the Caribbean Community (CARICOM), the United Nations, the Organisation of Islamic Cooperation and the Organization of American States. Situated Tropics, slightly north of the equator, over 90% of its territory is covered by rainforest, List of countries by forest area (percentage), the highest proportion of forest cover in the world. Borders of Suriname, Suriname is bordered by the Atlantic Ocean to the north, French Guiana to the east, Guyana to the west, and Brazil to the south. It is List of South American countries by area, the smalles ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Justitia
Lady Justice () is an Allegory, allegorical personification of the moral force in judicial systems. Her attributes are Weighing scale, scales, a sword and sometimes a blindfold. She often appears as a pair with Prudentia. Lady Justice originates from the personification of Justice in ancient Roman art known as ''Iustitia'' or ''Justitia'', who is equivalent to the Greek goddess Themis. The goddess Justitia The origin of Lady Justice was Justitia (or Iustitia), the goddess of Justice within Roman mythology. Justitia was introduced by emperor Augustus, and was thus not a very old deity in the Roman pantheon. Justice was one of the virtues celebrated by emperor Augustus in his , and a temple of Justitia was established in Rome by emperor Tiberius. Justitia became a symbol for the virtue of justice with which every emperor wished to associate his regime; emperor Vespasian minted coins with the image of the goddess seated on a throne called ''Iustitia Augusta'', and many emperors a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Asian Surinamese
Asian Surinamese, are Surinamese people of Asian descent. Asian migrants to Suriname came mostly from South Asia, Southeast Asia and East Asia. Historically, Asian Surinamese have been present in the country since the 19th century, the majority of which are descended from indentured labourers that were brought to Suriname after the abolition of slavery as replacements for African slaves. History Suriname was a plantation colony that depended on slave labour to work on plantations. The Dutch West India Company supplied slaves from West Africa between 1667 until the abolition of slavery on 1 July 1863. Many Afro-Surinamese are descendants of slaves who were transported via the Atlantic slave trade. Thereafter the Dutch recruited indentured labourers from the British Raj (Indian subcontinent) via an arrangement with the British, the Dutch East Indies and China. Unlike other Asian population groups, migrants from the Middle East, mainly Maronites from Lebanon but also Syria and P ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sanātanī
''Sanātanī'' (Devanagari: ) is a modern term used to describe Hindu duties that incorporate teachings from the Vedas, Upanishads, Puranas, Agamas and other Hindu religious texts and scriptures such as the ''Ramayana'' and its many versions, as well as the ''Mahabharata'' (incl. the ''Bhagavad Gita''), which itself is often described as a concise guide to Hindu philosophy and a practical, self-contained guide to life. Preface p.9 The word ''Sanātanī'' is coined from Sanātana Dharma () which refers to the idea that its origins lie beyond human history, as revealed in the Hindu texts. A Sanātanī performs duties according to one's spiritual (constitutional) identity as '' atman'' (Self) and thus these duties are the same for everyone. General duties include virtues such as honesty, refraining from injuring living beings, purity, charity, goodwill, mercy, patience, forbearance, self-restraint, generosity, and asceticism. In other words, any follower of Sanātana Dharma (Hindu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hinduism In Suriname
Hinduism in Suriname is the second-largest religion. According to Association of Religion Data Archives, ARDA, there are 129,440 Hindus in Suriname as of 2015, constituting 23.15% of the population. Suriname has the second largest percentage of Hindus in the Western Hemisphere, after Guyana (24.8%). History The story of Hindus in Suriname is broadly parallel to that in Guyana and Trinidad and Tobago. Indian indenture system, Indian indentured labourers were sent to colonial Surinam (Dutch colony), Dutch Guiana by special arrangement between the Dutch and British. The difference is that the Netherlands' more liberal policy toward Hinduism allowed a stronger culture to develop. Example is the almost universal reading of the ''Bhagavad Gita'', the ''Ramcharitmanas'', and the ''Ramayana''. Demographics According to Association of Religion Data Archives, ARDA, there are 129,440 Hindus in Suriname as of 2015, constituting 23.15% of the population. Population by year The percentag ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Catholic Church In Suriname
The Catholic Church in Suriname is part of the worldwide Catholic Church, under the spiritual leadership of the pope in Rome. There are 117,261 Catholics in Suriname, 21.6% of the population, far lower than most of South America. The Church in Suriname consists of only one diocese, the Diocese of Paramaribo. There are 22 priests in the Diocese, with a ratio of about 5,030 Catholics per priest. There are 31 Catholic parishes in the diocese. The seat of the Diocese of Paramaribo is The Cathedral of Sts. Peter and Paul in Paramaribo. The current bishop of Paramaribo is Karel Choennie. History The first missionaries to come to Suriname were the Franciscans in 1683, but the harshness of the climate did not favor the arrival of other priests, so that up to 1786 the country was totally abandoned by the Catholic missions. Since 1786 some secular priests opened a missionary center, but soon had to flee to the opposition of the ministers of other Christian denominations. When in 1816 th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Protestantism
Protestantism is a branch of Christianity that emphasizes Justification (theology), justification of sinners Sola fide, through faith alone, the teaching that Salvation in Christianity, salvation comes by unmerited Grace in Christianity, divine grace, the priesthood of all believers, and the Bible as the sole infallible source of authority for Christian faith and practice. The five solae, five ''solae'' summarize the basic theological beliefs of mainstream Protestantism. Protestants follow the theological tenets of the Reformation, Protestant Reformation, a movement that began in the 16th century with the goal of reforming the Catholic Church from perceived Criticism of the Catholic Church, errors, abuses, and discrepancies. The Reformation began in the Holy Roman Empire in 1517, when Martin Luther published his ''Ninety-five Theses'' as a reaction against abuses in the sale of indulgences by the Catholic Church, which purported to offer the remission of the Purgatory, temporal ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Christianity
Christianity is an Abrahamic monotheistic religion, which states that Jesus in Christianity, Jesus is the Son of God (Christianity), Son of God and Resurrection of Jesus, rose from the dead after his Crucifixion of Jesus, crucifixion, whose coming as the Messiah#Christianity, messiah (Christ (title), Christ) was Old Testament messianic prophecies quoted in the New Testament, prophesied in the Old Testament and chronicled in the New Testament. It is the Major religious groups, world's largest and most widespread religion with over 2.3 billion followers, comprising around 28.8% of the world population. Its adherents, known as Christians, are estimated to make up a majority of the population in Christianity by country, 157 countries and territories. Christianity remains Christian culture, culturally diverse in its Western Christianity, Western and Eastern Christianity, Eastern branches, and doctrinally diverse concerning Justification (theology), justification and the natur ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
White Surinamese
White Surinamese or European Surinamese are Surinamese people whose ancestry lies within the continent of Europe. As of 2012, people of solely European descent are a small minority in Suriname, accounting for only 1,667 people or 0.3% of the country's population. The largest European ethnic groups in Suriname are the Dutch and the Portuguese. History Before the arrival of Europeans, Suriname was home to many indigenous tribes such as Arawaks, Caribs, Kalina people and Warao people. Christopher Columbus inaugurated the presence in the region of Europeans, who enslaved the indigenous people. Subsequently, the Spanish, British, Dutch, and French attempted to establish their presence but were unsuccessful until the 1650s. Plantation owners from Barbados Barbados, officially the Republic of Barbados, is an island country in the Atlantic Ocean. It is part of the Lesser Antilles of the West Indies and the easternmost island of the Caribbean region. It lies on the boundary of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Indigenous Peoples In Suriname
Indigenous peoples in Suriname, Native Surinamese, or Amerindian Surinamese, are Surinamese people who are of Indigenous peoples in South America, Indigenous ancestry. They comprise approximately 3.5% of Suriname's population of 612,985. Contemporary groups * Akurio people, Akurio, Tapanahoni and Sipaliwini River, Sipaliwini rivers, Kwamalasamutu"Suriname." ''Ethnologue.'' Retrieved 8 Dec 2013. * Arawak people, Arawak (Lokono Arawak, Lokono), Suriname, French Guiana, Guyana, Venezuela * Kalina people, Kalina, Brazil, Guyana, French Guiana, Suriname, Venezuela * * Saloema (Taruma), Kwamalasamutu on Sipaliwini river, Brazil, Guyana * Sikiana people, Sikiana, Kwamalasamutu on Sipaliwini river, Brazil * Tiriyó people, Tiriyó, Tapanahoni River, Sipa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Multiracial People
The term multiracial people refers to people who are mixed with two or more races (human categorization), races and the term multi-ethnic people refers to people who are of more than one ethnicity, ethnicities. A variety of terms have been used both historically and presently for multiracial people in a variety of contexts, including ''multiethnic'', ''polyethnic'', occasionally ''bi-ethnic'', ''biracial'', ''mixed-race'', ''Métis'', ''Muladí, Muwallad'', ''Melezi'', ''Coloureds, Coloured'', ''Dougla people, Dougla'', ''half-caste'', ''Euronesian, ʻafakasi'', ''mulatto'', ''mestizo'', ''Wiktionary:mutt, mutt'', ''Melungeon'', ''quadroon'', ''Quadroon, octoroon'', ''Quadroon#Racial classifications, griffe'', ''sacatra'', ''zambo, sambo/zambo'', ''Indo people, Eurasian'', ''hapa'', ''hāfu'', ''Garifuna'', ''pardo'', and ''Gurans (Transbaikal people), Gurans''. A number of these once-acceptable terms are now considered Offensive language, offensive, in addition to those that were ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Surinamese Maroons
Surinamese Maroons (also Marrons, Businenge or Bushinengue, meaning ''black people of the forest'') are the descendants of enslaved Africans that escaped from the plantations and settled in the inland of Suriname. The Surinamese Maroon (people), Maroon culture is one of the best-preserved pieces of cultural heritage outside of Africa. Colonial warfare, land grabs, natural disasters and migration have marked Maroon history. In Suriname six Maroon groups — or tribes — can be distinguished from each other. They themselves form a subgroup of the Afro-Surinamese. Demographics There are six major groups of Surinamese Maroons,Cf. ''Langues de Guyane'', sous la direction de Odile RENAULT-LESCURE et Laurence GOURY, Montpellier, IRD, 2009. who settled along different river banks: * Aluku, Aluku (or Boni) at the Commewijne River later Marowijne River, * Kwinti people, Kwinti at the Coppename River, * Matawai people, Matawai at the Saramacca River, * Ndyuka people, Ndyuka (or Aukan) at ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Afro-Surinamese
Afro-Surinamese are the inhabitants of Suriname of mostly West African and Central African ancestry. They are descended from enslaved Africans brought to work on sugar plantations. Many of them escaped the plantations and formed independent settlements together, becoming known as Maroons. They maintained vestiges of African culture and language. They are usually split into two ethnic subgroups ( Creoles and Maroons). Origins Most of the enslaved people imported to Suriname came from West Central Africa (circa 61,500 slaves, 27% of the total number), Gold Coast (Ghana) (circa 46,000, 21% of the total), Windward Coast (circa 45,000, 20%), and Bight of Benin (more than 32,000, 14% of the total). Thousands of enslaved people also arrived from Bight of Biafra (circa 11,000, 5.0% of the total) and Sierra Leone (circa 3,600, 1.6% of the total). The total number of enslaved people was estimated at 220,000. The Akans from the central Ghana were, officially, the predominant ethnic ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
