Languages Of Bangladesh
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Languages Of Bangladesh
The national language and official language of Bangladesh is Bengali language, Bengali (also known as “Bangla”) according to the third article of the Constitution of Bangladesh. Almost 99% of Bangladeshis speak Bengali language, Bengali (including Bengali dialects, dialects) as their first language.http://www.bbs.gov.bd › site › page Population-and-Housing-Census - বাংলাদেশ পরিসংখ্যান ব্যুরো Bangla Bhasha Procholon Ain, 1987, Bengali Language Implementation Act, 1987 made it mandatory to use Bengali in all government affairs except in the cases of foreign relations. According to the 2022 census, Bengali is predominantly spoken by 99% of the country's population and it also serves as the national language of the nation. The Indigenous peoples in Bangladesh, indigenous people of northern and southeastern Bangladesh speak a variety of native languages. According to the Ethnologue, there are 36 indigenous living languages, which ...
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Bengali Language
Bengali, also known by its endonym and exonym, endonym Bangla (, , ), is an Indo-Aryan languages, Indo-Aryan language belonging to the Indo-Iranian languages, Indo-Iranian branch of the Indo-European languages, Indo-European language family. It is native to the Bengal region (Bangladesh, India's West Bengal and Tripura) of South Asia. With over 242 million native speakers and another 43 million as second language speakers as of 2025, Bengali is the List of languages by number of native speakers, sixth most spoken native language and the List of languages by total number of speakers, seventh most spoken language by the total number of speakers in the world. Bengali is the Official language, official, National language, national, and most widely spoken language of Bangladesh, with 98% of Bangladeshis using Bengali as their first language. It is the second-most widely spoken scheduled languages of India, language in India. It is the official language of the Indian states of West ...
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Ethno-linguistic
Ethnolinguistics (sometimes called cultural linguistics) is an area of anthropological linguistics that studies the relationship between a language or group of languages and the cultural practices of the people who speak those languages. It examines how different cultures conceptualize and categorize their experiences, such as spatial orientation and environmental phenomena. Ethnolinguistics incorporates methods like ethnosemantics, which analyzes how people classify and label their world, and componential analysis, which dissects semantic features of terms to understand cultural meanings. The field intersects with cultural linguistics to investigate how language encodes cultural schemas and metaphors, influencing areas such as intercultural communication and language learning. Examples Ethnolinguists study the way perception and conceptualization influences language and show how that is linked to different cultures and societies. An example is how spatial orientation is exp ...
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Greater Comilla
Meghna Division (), also known as Comilla district, is a proposed administrative division within Bangladesh. The division gets its name from the Meghna River, which forms its western border. It encompasses the north-western parts of the existing Chittagong Division, and comprises Brahmanbaria, Comilla, Chandpur, Noakhali, Feni, and Laxmipur Districts of Chittagong Division. The headquarters of the division would be in Comilla. It's located in the south-east region of the country, with a total area of and a population of 16,708,000 as of 2011. Terminology and naming dispute Various terms are used to describe the different (and sometimes overlapping) geographical and political areas of the proposed Meghna division. In brief, the main terms and their simple explanations are as follows: * Geographical terms: * Samatata (or Samatat) () was an ancient geopolitical division of Bengal. Greater Cumilla and Noakhali region were within the division of Samatata. Geographically, the pr ...
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Khulna Division
Khulna Division () is the second largest of the eight divisions of Bangladesh. It has an area of and a population of 17,416,645 at the 2022 Bangladesh census (preliminary returns). Its headquarters and largest city is Khulna city in Khulna District. History During the British Raj era, Khulna Division was part of the Presidential division. Before 1947, The Presidential division had six major districts, Murshidabad, Calcutta, 24 Parganas, Khulna, undivided Jessore, and undivided Nadia. In 1947, The Partition of India divided this division into two. The district of Khulna and the other half of Jessore District and Nadia District became part of the newly established East Bengal. And rest of the district of the presidential division became part of West Bengal. In 1948, Nadia district of East Bengal formed a new district called Kushtia. And the government of East Bengal added the Jessore, Khulna & Kushtia district into the Rajshahi Division. In 1960, the government of East Pa ...
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Mymensingh Division
Mymensingh Division (; ) is one of the eight administrative divisions of Bangladesh. It has an area of and a population of 12,225,498 as of the 2022 census. It was formed in 2015 from districts previously composing the northern part of Dhaka Division. Its headquarters are in Mymensingh city in Mymensingh District. Mymensingh has four districts which it governs, Mymensingh District, Jamalpur District, Netrokona District, and Sherpur District. History Mymensingh’s history stretches far into antiquity. Around the 4th century BC, it was a significant part of the Vedic state of Mahajanapada. Over the centuries, the region witnessed the rise and fall of various dynasties, including the Gupta Empire, the Sena Dynasty, and the Muslim rulers during the medieval period. Each era left its mark on Mymensingh’s cultural and political landscape. The Greater Mymensingh region (Mymensingh District along with five other neighbouring districts) was created as Mymensingh district by the ...
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Dhaka Division
Dhaka Division () is an Divisions of Bangladesh, administrative division of Bangladesh. Dhaka serves as the capital city of Dhaka Division, the Dhaka District and Bangladesh. The division remains as a population magnet, and covers an area of 20,508.8 km2 with a population in excess of 44 million, it is one of the fastest growing populous administrative divisions of the world, growing at a rate of 1.94% since prior count, compared with the national average of 1.22%. However, national figures may include data skewing expatriation of male labor force as gender ratio is skewed towards females. Dhaka Division borders every other division in the country except Rangpur Division. It is bounded by Mymensingh Division to the north, Barisal Division to the south, Chittagong Division to the east and south-east, Sylhet Division to the north-east, and Rajshahi Division to the west and Khulna Divisions to the south-west. Etymology The origins of the name Dhaka are uncertain. It may deri ...
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Eastern Bengali
Eastern Bengali, Baṅgālī () or Vaṅga () is a nonstandard dialect cluster of Bengali spoken in most of Bangladesh and Tripura, thus covering majority of the land of Bengal and surrounding areas. Names It is also known as Baṅgālī (), Pūrvavaṅgīẏa (), Prācya (), Vaṅga (), or Vaṅgīẏa (). Chatterji often cited a more generalised variant of Eastern Bengali which he dubbed Typical East Bengali for the sake of broader comparison with other varieties of Bengali. Eastern Bengali is often colloquially referred to by the exonym Bangal Bhasha () in West Bengal due to its association with Bangals. It may also be referred to by names such as Khaisi-Gesi Bangla (), emphasising the contrast between Eastern Bengali varieties and the standard language in terms of grammar by use of the example phrases "I have eaten" ( ''kheẏechhi'' in Standard Bengali but ''khaisi'' in Typical East Bengali) and "I have gone" ( ''giẏechhi'' in Standard Bengali but ''gesi'' in Typical ...
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Khulna Division
Khulna Division () is the second largest of the eight divisions of Bangladesh. It has an area of and a population of 17,416,645 at the 2022 Bangladesh census (preliminary returns). Its headquarters and largest city is Khulna city in Khulna District. History During the British Raj era, Khulna Division was part of the Presidential division. Before 1947, The Presidential division had six major districts, Murshidabad, Calcutta, 24 Parganas, Khulna, undivided Jessore, and undivided Nadia. In 1947, The Partition of India divided this division into two. The district of Khulna and the other half of Jessore District and Nadia District became part of the newly established East Bengal. And rest of the district of the presidential division became part of West Bengal. In 1948, Nadia district of East Bengal formed a new district called Kushtia. And the government of East Bengal added the Jessore, Khulna & Kushtia district into the Rajshahi Division. In 1960, the government of East Pa ...
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Central Bengali
Central Bengali or Raṛhi Bengali () is a dialect of the Bengali language spoken in the West-Central part of Bengal, in and around the Bhagirathi River basin of Nadia district and other districts of the Presidency division in West Bengal, as well as the undivided Kushtia district region of western Bangladesh. Associated with the upper Delta and eastern Rarh region of Bengal, it forms the basis of the standard variety of Bengali. Geographical boundaries This dialect is prevalent in Central Bengal specifically in the West Bengal districts of Kolkata, North 24 Parganas, Nadia, Howrah, Hooghly, and Purba Bardhaman. It is also spoken natively in the Chuadanga, Kushtia and Meherpur districts of Bangladesh, which were a part of the Nadia district prior to the 1947 Partition of India. Along with Eastern Bengali dialect, Modern Standard Bengali has been formed on the basis of this dialect. Features Phonology * Extensive use of ''Obhishruti'' (অভিশ্রুতি, /obʱi ...
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Dialect Continuum
A dialect continuum or dialect chain is a series of Variety (linguistics), language varieties spoken across some geographical area such that neighboring varieties are Mutual intelligibility, mutually intelligible, but the differences accumulate over distance so that widely separated varieties may not be. This is a typical occurrence with widely spread languages and language families around the world, when these languages did not spread recently. Some prominent examples include the Indo-Aryan languages across large parts of India, varieties of Arabic across north Africa and southwest Asia, the Turkic languages, the varieties of Chinese, and parts of the Romance languages, Romance, Germanic languages, Germanic and Slavic languages, Slavic families in Europe. Terms used in older literature include dialect area (Leonard Bloomfield) and L-complex (Charles F. Hockett). Dialect continua typically occur in long-settled agrarian populations, as innovations spread from their various poin ...
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