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Iridaceae
Iridaceae () is a family of plants in order Asparagales, taking its name from the Iris (plant), irises. It has a nearly global distribution, with 69 accepted genera with a total of about 2500 species. It includes a number of economically important cultivated plants, such as species of ''Freesia'', ''Gladiolus'', and ''Crocus'', as well as the crop saffron. Members of this family are perennial plants, with a bulb, corm or rhizome. The plants grow erect, and have leaves that are generally grass-like, with a sharp central fold. Some examples of members of this family are the blue flag and yellow flag. Etymology The family name comes from the genus ''Iris (plant), Iris'', the family's largest and best-known genus in Europe. This genus dates from 1753, when it was coined by Swedish botanist, Carl Linnaeus. Its name derives from the Greek goddess, Iris, who carried messages from Mount Olympus, Olympus to earth along a rainbow, whose colors were seen by Linnaeus in the multi-hued petal ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Crocus
''Crocus'' (; plural: crocuses or croci) is a genus of seasonal flowering plants in the family Iridaceae (iris family) comprising about 100 species of perennial plant, perennials growing from corms. They are low growing plants, whose flower stems remain underground, that bear relatively large white, yellow, orange or purple flowers and then become dormant after flowering. Many are cultivated for their flowers, appearing in autumn, winter, or spring. The flowers close at night and in overcast weather conditions. The crocus has been known throughout recorded history, mainly as the source of saffron. Saffron is obtained from the dried Stigma (botany), stigma of ''Crocus sativus'', an autumn-blooming species. It is valued as a spice and dyestuff, and is one of the most expensive spices in the world. Iran is the center of saffron production. Crocuses are native plant, native to woodland, scrub, and meadows from sea level to alpine tundra from the Mediterranean Sea, Mediterranean, throu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Asparagales
Asparagales (asparagoid lilies) are a diverse order of flowering plants in the monocots. Under the APG IV system of flowering plant classification, Asparagales are the largest order of monocots with 14 families, 1,122 genera, and about 36,000 species, with members as varied as asparagus, orchids, yuccas, irises, onions, garlic, leeks, and other Alliums, daffodils, snowdrops, amaryllis, agaves, butcher's broom, Agapanthus, Solomon's seal, hyacinths, bluebells, spider plants, grasstrees, aloe, freesias, gladioli, crocuses, and saffron. Most species of Asparagales are herbaceous perennials, although some are climbers and some are trees or shrubs. The order also contains many geophytes (bulbs, corms, and various kinds of tuber). The leaves of almost all species form a tight rosette, either at the base of the plant or at the end of the stem, but occasionally along the stem. The flowers are not particularly distinctive, being 'lily type', with six tepals and ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Aristeoideae
''Aristea'' is a genus of evergreen, perennial and rhizomatous species of flowering plants in the family Iridaceae, first described in 1789. The genus is distributed in tropical and southern Africa, as well as Madagascar. The genus name is derived from the Greek word ''arista'', meaning "awn". ; SpeciesThe Plant List (2010). Version 1. Published on the Internet(accessed September 2013) * '' Aristea abyssinica'' Pax * ''Aristea africana'' (L.) Hoffmanns. * '' Aristea alata'' Baker * '' Aristea anceps'' Eckl. ex Klatt * ''Aristea angolensis'' Baker * '' Aristea angustifolia'' Baker * '' Aristea bakeri'' Klatt * '' Aristea bequaertii'' De Wild. * ''Aristea biflora'' Weim. * ''Aristea cantharophila'' Goldblatt & J.C.Manning * ''Aristea capitata'' (L.) Ker Gawl. * ''Aristea cistiflora'' J.C.Manning & Goldblatt * ''Aristea cladocarpa'' Baker * ''Aristea compressa'' Buchinger ex Baker * ''Aristea cuspidata'' Schinz * ''Aristea dichotoma'' (Thunb.) Ker Gawl. * ''Aristea ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Crocoideae
Crocoideae is one of the major subfamilies in the family Iridaceae. It contains plants which are widely distributed in the Old World, mainly in Africa, but there are species like some members of the genera '' Romulea'' and ''Gladiolus'' which are native to Europe and Asia. Some examples are '' Romulea bulbocodium'', '' Romulea columnae'' and ''Gladiolus italicus''. Like the rest of Iridaceae, the members of the subfamily have the typical sword-shaped leaves. The rootstock is usually a corm. The blooms which sometimes have scent are collected in inflorescence and contain six tepals. The nectar is produced mostly in the base of the bloom from the glands of the ovary, which is where the flower forms a tube-like end. In some species there is no such end and the plant only provides pollen to pollinating insects. The ovary is 3-locular and many-seeded, the appearance of the testa varying widely between the different genera: sometimes fine and delicate, as in the case of ''Gladiolus'' a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Iris (plant)
''Iris'' is a flowering plant genus of 310 accepted species with showy flowers. As well as being the scientific name, iris is also widely used as a common name for all ''Iris'' species, as well as some belonging to other closely related genera. A common name for some species is flags, while the plants of the subgenus '' Scorpiris'' are widely known as junos, particularly in horticulture. It is a popular garden flower. The often-segregated, monotypic genera '' Belamcanda'' (blackberry lily, ''I. domestica''), '' Hermodactylus'' (snake's head iris, ''I. tuberosa''), and ''Pardanthopsis'' (vesper iris, '' I. dichotoma'') are currently included in ''Iris''. Three ''Iris'' varieties are used in the ''Iris'' flower data set outlined by Ronald Fisher in his 1936 paper ''The use of multiple measurements in taxonomic problems'' as an example of linear discriminant analysis. Description Irises are perennial plants, growing from creeping rhizomes (rhizomatous irises) or, in drier c ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Isophysidoideae
''Isophysis'' is a genus of herbaceous, perennial and rhizomatous plants in the Iris family (Iridaceae). A monotypic genus formerly known as ''Hewardia'', it contains a single species, ''Isophysis tasmanica'' is a Palaeoendemic found only in the south-west of Tasmania. The genus name is derived from the Greek words ''iso'', meaning "equal", and ''physis'', meaning "bladder". Habitat ''Isophysis tasmanica'' is a dominant species within alpine sedge land. It is also found in coniferous, alpine, bolster and deciduous heathlands. It occurs from sea level to 1300m. The vegetation that it resides in is open in structure. It grows on highly siliceous rocks. It is often found on gravel slopes or rock crevices. Description ''Isophysis tasmanica'' is a tufted plant with smooth leaves that come from a woody underground rhizome. The leaves are 5–30 cm long and 3–5 mm wide. The leaves are linear and persist in fans. The scape is erect, terete and unbranched, the scrape can be 4 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ixieae
Crocoideae is one of the major subfamilies in the family Iridaceae. It contains plants which are widely distributed in the Old World, mainly in Africa, but there are species like some members of the genera '' Romulea'' and ''Gladiolus'' which are native to Europe and Asia. Some examples are '' Romulea bulbocodium'', '' Romulea columnae'' and ''Gladiolus italicus''. Like the rest of Iridaceae, the members of the subfamily have the typical sword-shaped leaves. The rootstock is usually a corm. The blooms which sometimes have scent are collected in inflorescence and contain six tepals. The nectar is produced mostly in the base of the bloom from the glands of the ovary, which is where the flower forms a tube-like end. In some species there is no such end and the plant only provides pollen to pollinating insects. The ovary is 3-locular and many-seeded, the appearance of the testa varying widely between the different genera: sometimes fine and delicate, as in the case of ''Gladiolus'' a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Geosiridoideae
''Geosiris'' is a genus in the flowering plant family Iridaceae, first described in 1894. It was thought for many years to contain only one species, '' Geosiris aphylla'', endemic to Madagascar. But then in 2010, a second species was described, '' Geosiris albiflora,'' from Mayotte Island in the Indian Ocean northwest of Madagascar. In 2017, a third species was found in Queensland, Australia, '' Geosiris australiensis''. ''Geosiris aphylla'' is sometimes called the "earth-iris." It is a small myco-heterotroph lacking chlorophyll and obtaining its nutrients from fungi in the soil. The genus name is derived from the Greek words ''geos'', meaning "earth", and ''iris'', referring to the Iris family of plants. Its rhizomes are slender and scaly, and stems are simple or branched. The leaves are alternate, but having no use, are reduced and scale-like. The flowers are light purple. In 1939, F. P. Jonker assigned ''Geosiris'' to its own family Geosiridaceae in Orchidales, and this ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gladiolus
''Gladiolus'' (from Latin, the diminutive of ''gladius'', a sword) is a genus of perennial cormous flowering plants in the iris family (Iridaceae). It is sometimes called the 'sword lily', but is usually called by its generic name (plural ''gladioli''). The genus occurs in Asia, Mediterranean Europe, South Africa, and tropical Africa. The center of diversity is in the Cape Floristic Region.Goldblatt, P. &, J.C. Manning. ''Gladiolus'' in Southern Africa : Systematics, Biology, and Evolution. Fernwood Press, Cape Town; 1998. The genera ''Acidanthera'', ''Anomalesia'', ''Homoglossum'', and ''Oenostachys'', formerly considered distinct, are now included in ''Gladiolus''. Description Gladioli grow from round, symmetrical corms (similar to crocuses) that are enveloped in several layers of brownish, fibrous tunics. Their stems are generally unbranched, producing 1 to 9 narrow, sword-shaped, longitudinal grooved leaves, enclosed in a sheath. The lowest leaf is shortened to a catap ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nivenioideae
Nivenioideae is a subfamily of flowering plants and one of the six subfamilies in the family Iridaceae Iridaceae () is a family of plants in order Asparagales, taking its name from the Iris (plant), irises. It has a nearly global distribution, with 69 accepted genera with a total of about 2500 species. It includes a number of economically importan .... It contains three genera, from South Africa which are the only true shrubs in the family ('' Klattia'', '' Nivenia'' and '' Witsenia''), It previously included '' Aristea'', '' Patersonia'' and also '' Geosiris'', which are now each placed in their own monotypic subfamily. References {{Taxonbar, from=Q6043444 Iridaceae Asparagales subfamilies ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Freesia
''Freesia'' is a genus of herbaceous perennial flowering plants in the family Iridaceae, first described as a genus in 1866 by Christian Friedrich Ecklon (1886) and named after the German botanist and medical practitioner, Friedrich Freese (1795–1876). It is native to the eastern side of southern Africa, from Kenya south to South Africa, most species being found in Cape Provinces. Species of the former genus ''Anomatheca'' are now included in ''Freesia''. The plants commonly known as "freesias", with fragrant funnel-shaped flowers, are cultivated hybrids of a number of ''Freesia'' species. Some other species are also grown as ornamental plants. Description They are herbaceous plants which grow from a conical corm diameter, which sends up a tuft of narrow leaves long, and a sparsely branched stem tall bearing a few leaves and a loose one-sided spike of flowers with six petals. Many species have fragrant narrowly funnel-shaped flowers, although those formerly placed in the g ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tigridieae
Tigridieae is a tribe of plants in the subfamily Iridoideae and included in the family Iridaceae. It contains many perennials which have cormous rootstocks. The name of the tribe comes from its main genus - '' Tigridia''. The tribe is native to the New World The term "New World" is used to describe the majority of lands of Earth's Western Hemisphere, particularly the Americas, and sometimes Oceania."America." ''The Oxford Companion to the English Language'' (). McArthur, Tom, ed., 1992. New York: .... The flowers do not always have well differentiated petals like in many other Iridoideae. A considerable proportion of the tribe's members have identical petals as in '' Nemastylis'' or '' Calydorea''. List of genera: * '' Alophia'' * '' Calydorea'' * '' Cardenanthus'' * '' Cipura'' * '' Cobana'' * '' Cypella'' * '' Eleutherine'' * '' Ennealophus'' * '' Gelasine'' * '' Herbertia'' * '' Hesperoxiphion'' * '' Larentia'' * '' Mastigostyla'' * '' Nemastylis'' * '' Tigridia'' R ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
