ITT Inc.
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ITT Inc.
ITT Inc., formerly ITT Corporation, is an American worldwide manufacturing company based in Stamford, Connecticut. The company produces specialty components for the aerospace, transportation, energy and industrial markets. ITT's three businesses include Industrial Process, Motion Technologies, and Connect and Control Technologies. ITT has over 10,000 employees in more than 35 countries and serves customers in more than 100 countries. The company's long-standing brands include Goulds Pumps, Cannon connectors, KONI shock absorbers and Enidine energy absorption components. The company was founded in 1920 as International Telephone & Telegraph. During the 1960s and 1970s, under the leadership of CEO Harold Geneen, the company rose to prominence as the archetypal Conglomerate (company), conglomerate, deriving its growth from hundreds of acquisitions in diversified industries. ITT divested its telecommunications assets in 1986. In 1995, the company sold off its hospitality portfoli ...
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Telefónica
, S.A. () is a Spanish multinational telecommunications company with registered office and headquarters located in two different places, both in Madrid, Spain. It is one of the largest telephone operators and mobile network providers in the world. It provides fixed and mobile telephony, broadband, and subscription television, operating in Europe and the Americas. As well as the brand, it also trades as Movistar, O2, and Vivo. The company is a component of the Euro Stoxx 50 stock market index. On 15 April 2012, Telefónica shut down TVA and Ajacto, which unified the brand into Vivo. History The company was created in Madrid in 1924 as Compañía Telefónica Nacional de España (CTNE) with ITT as one of its major shareholders. In 1945, the state acquired by law a share of 79.6% of the company. This stake was diluted by a capital increase in 1967. Until the liberalization of the telecom market in 1997, Telefónica was the only telephone operator in Spain. It still h ...
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Commercial Cable Company
The Commercial Cable Company was founded in New York in 1884 by John William Mackay and James Gordon Bennett, Jr. Their motivation was to break the then virtual monopoly of Jay Gould on transatlantic telegraphy and bring down prices (particularly for Bennett's newspaper empire). Their most famous ship was the CS Mackay-Bennett, named after the founders. The technology was well established by this time, and they were able to lay cables from Waterville in Ireland to Canso, Nova Scotia, without the major technical problems of the first Transatlantic telegraph cable. Onward connections to New York City and beyond were initially overland and later submarine. Connections from Waterville to Weston-super-Mare in England and Le Havre in France were soon established by the submarine route after initial use of landlines from Waterville onward to mainland Britain. Commercial Cable also had a relationship with the German Atlantic submarine cable system. Domestically the cable distribute ...
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Postal Telegraph Company
Postal Telegraph Company (Postal Telegraph & Cable Corporation) was a major operator of telegraph networks in the United States prior to its consolidation with Western Union in 1943.Nonnenmacher, TomasHistory of the U.S. Telegraph Industry/ref> Postal partnered with Commercial Cable Company for overseas cable messaging. Postal was founded in the 1880s by John William Mackay, an entrepreneur who had made a fortune in silver mining in the Comstock Lode The Comstock Lode is a lode of silver ore located under the eastern slope of Mount Davidson, a peak in the Virginia Range in Virginia City, Nevada (then western Utah Territory), which was the first major discovery of silver ore in the U .... Mackay's original purpose was to provide a domestic wire network to directly link with the Atlantic Cable. Mackay built the Postal network by the purchase of existing insolvent firms. The company was initially called ''The Pacific Postal Telegraph Cable Co''. Under president Al ...
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Mackay Radio
Mackay Radio refers to a group of closely related radio communications firms, also commonly known as the Mackay Companies, and the Mackay Radio and Telegraph Company. An American company, Mackay was a major early provider of radiotelegraph services, including international communication and shipboard services. History 250px, 1932 company advertisement. The company was established in 1925 in Nevada by Clarence H. Mackay, as an expansion of his father John Mackay's legacy in telegraph and cable communications. In 1927, the Federal Telegraph Company was acquired, which was renamed the Mackay Radio and Telegraph Company (California). In 1928, the International Telephone and Telegraph Company (ITT) gained control of the Mackay companies, which were placed under the newly formed Postal Telegraph and Cable Corporation. Mackay's president, Clarence H. Mackay, became Postal's chairman, and was added to the ITT board of directors and executive committee. During World War II, Mackay ...
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Theodore Gary & Company
Theodore Gary & Company was a 20th-century independent telephone firm in the United States. Among its subsidiaries was the Associated Telephone and Telegraph Company, which controlled telephone companies in Latin America and telephone manufacturing interests in Europe in the 1920s and 1930s. In that capacity, Associated, formed in 1925, was the only other serious U.S. rival of International Telephone and Telegraph in Europe before World War II. Associated also exercised influence over the telephone networks in the Dominican Republic and Columbia. In 1930 it formed a new subsidiary, the General Telephone and Electric Corporation, with Transamerica Corporation and British investors, to strengthen overseas manufacturing and operations in competition with ITT. This was headed by Theodore Gary's son, Hunter Larrabee Gary."Transamerica into Telephones," Time Magazine, 20 October 1930. It would ultimately merge into the General Telephone Corp. (later known as GTE GTE Corporation, ...
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Romtelecom
Orange România is a broadband Internet service provider and mobile provider in Romania. It is Romania's largest GSM network operator which is majority owned by Orange S.A. that also uses some of the Telekom Romania infrastructure, the biggest initial investor, who gradually increased its ownership. Between 1997 and April 2002, the company was named Mobil Rom, operated under two brand names Dialog (for monthly subscription plans, in Romanian means "dialogue") and Alo"Alo" is the word used to greet people over the phone in Romanian (for prepay services). In April 2002, after France Télécom gained a majority stake it was re-branded to comply with the group's global strategy. As of December 2012, Orange Romania has 10.3 million mobile subscribers. Orange is in head-to-head competition with Vodafone Romania for one of the most dynamic mobile telephony markets in south eastern Europe. Currently the mobile penetration is at about 115% (active users only). Orange edged ahead of Voda ...
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Mix & Genest
Mix & Genest was founded on 1 October 1879 by the businessman Wilhelm Mix and the engineer Werner Genest in Berlin-Schöneberg. The company was initially an 1879 branch of the ITT Corporation. It was very successful and became one of the pioneers in low voltage devices. Among the products were devices for telephony and telegraphy. By 1904 the company had already 2300 employees and subsidiaries in London and Amsterdam. In 1920 AEG The initials AEG are used for or may refer to: Common meanings * AEG (German company) ; AEG) was a German producer of electrical equipment. It was established in 1883 by Emil Rathenau as the ''Deutsche Edison-Gesellschaft für angewandte El ... bought the majority of the stock shares. Mix & Genest was acquired by the ITT Corporation in 1930. The name Mix & Genest was dropped in 1958. References Bibliography * —Festschrift 75 Jahre Mix & Genest 1879–1954. Mix-und-Genest-Aktiengesellschaft Stuttgart, Stuttgart-Zuffenhausen 1954. External ...
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Nortel
Nortel Networks Corporation (Nortel), formerly Northern Telecom Limited, was a Canadian Multinational corporation, multinational telecommunications and data networking equipment manufacturer headquartered in Ottawa, Ontario. It was founded in Montreal, Quebec in 1895 as the Northern Electric and Manufacturing Company, or simply Northern Electric. Until an antitrust settlement in 1949, Northern Electric was owned mostly by Bell Canada and the Western Electric, Western Electric Company of the Bell System, producing large volumes of telecommunications equipment based on licensed Western Electric designs. At its height, Nortel accounted for more than a third of the total valuation of all companies listed on the Toronto Stock Exchange (TSX), employing 94,500 people worldwide. In 2009, Nortel filed for bankruptcy protection in Canada and the United States, triggering a 79% decline in its corporate stock price. The bankruptcy case was the List of corporate collapses and scandals, larg ...
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Standard Telephones And Cables
Standard Telephones and Cables Ltd (later STC public limited company, plc) was a British manufacturer of telephone, telegraph, radio, telecommunications, and related equipment. During its history, STC invented and developed several groundbreaking new technologies including pulse-code modulation (PCM) and optical fibres. The company was founded in 1883 in London as International Western Electric by Western Electric, the Western Electric Company, shortly after Western Electric became the telephone equipment supplier for AT&T, the American Telephone and Telegraph Company (AT&T) in the United States. In 1925, Western Electric divested itself of all foreign operations and sold International Western Electric to International Telephone and Telegraph (ITT), in part to thwart antitrust actions by the American government. In mid-1982, STC became an independent company and was listed on the London Stock Exchange; for a time it was a constituent of the FTSE 100 Index. It was bought by Nortel ...
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Rotary System
The rotary machine switching system, or most commonly known as the rotary system, was a type of automatic telephone exchange manufactured and used primarily in Europe from the 1910s. The system was developed and tested by AT&T's American engineering division, Western Electric, in the United States, at the same time when Western Electric was also developing the Panel switch. When AT&T selected the Panel System for large American exchanges, development and sales of the ''No. 7-A Machine Switching System'', its formal commercial name, were transferred to Western Electric's international division in Belgium. In Europe and other continents the system was met with considerable commercial success. The Rotary and Panel systems were very different systems, but both used the same newly developed component technology, such as Western Electric's latest relays, and the principles of the Lorimer system of revertive pulsing and preselection. The Rotary switches were smaller than the Panel system, ...
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