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Grylloblattidae
Grylloblattidae, commonly known as the icebugs or ice crawlers, is a family of extremophile (psychrophile) and wingless insects that live in the cold on top of mountains and the edges of glaciers. It is the only member of Grylloblattodea, which is generally considered an order. Alternatively, Grylloblattodea, along with Mantophasmatodea (rock crawlers), have been ranked as suborders of the order Notoptera. Grylloblattids are wingless insects mostly less than 3 cm long, with a head resembling that of a cockroach, with long antennae and having elongated cerci arising from the tip of their abdomen. They cannot tolerate warmth—most species will die at —and many species have small distribution ranges. Overview Grylloblattids, ice crawlers or icebugs puzzled the scientists who discovered them in 1914, E.M. Walker and T.B. Kurata; the first species named was '' Grylloblatta campodeiformis'', which means "cricket-cockroach shaped like a '' Campodea''" (a kind of two-pronged br ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Notoptera
Notoptera, also known as Xenonomia, is a clade of insects belonging to Polyneoptera. It contains two living groups, Mantophasmatidae (gladiators) native to southern Africa, and Grylloblattidae (ice crawlers) native to cold montane environments in the Northern Hemisphere. Both groups are wingless. History of research The name was originally coined in 1915 as an order for Grylloblattidae and largely forgotten until it was resurrected and redefined ("Notoptera Crampton ''sensu novum''") by Engel and Grimaldi in 2004 (after the discovery of living Mantophasmatidae), who recommended to give a single order that includes both the living and fossil representatives of the lineage. Terry and Whiting in 2005 independently proposed a new name, "Xenonomia", for the same lineage of insects (including the Grylloblattodea and Mantophasmatodea, treated as orders). The orders Grylloblattodea and Mantophasmatodea are sometimes ranked as suborders of a single order, Notoptera. Some authors co ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |