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Gardens In India
A Mughal garden is a type of garden built by the Mughals. This style was influenced by the Persian gardens particularly the Charbagh structure, which is intended to create a representation of an earthly utopia in which humans co-exist in perfect harmony with all elements of nature. Significant use of rectilinear layouts are made within the walls enclosures. Some of the typical features include pools, fountains and canals inside the gardens. Afghanistan, Bangladesh and India have a number of gardens which differ from their Central Asian predecessors with respect to "the highly disciplined geometry". History The founder of the Mughal empire, Babur, described his favourite type of garden as a charbagh. The term '' bāgh'', ''baug'', ''bageecha'' or ''bagicha'' is used for the garden. This word developed a new meaning in South Asia, as the region lacked the fast-flowing streams required for the Central Asian charbagh. The Aram Bagh of Agra is thought to have been the first ch ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Reflection Of Farah Baksh Terrace (Upper Terrace) Main Building
Reflection or reflexion may refer to: Science and technology * Reflection (physics), a common wave phenomenon ** Specular reflection, mirror-like reflection of waves from a surface *** Mirror image, a reflection in a mirror or in water ** Diffuse reflection, where ray incident on the surface is scattered ** Retroreflection, technology for returning light in the direction from which it came ** Signal reflection, in signal transmission * Elastic scattering, a process in nuclear and particle physics * Reflection nebula, a nebula that is extended and has no boundaries * Reflection seismology or seismic reflection, a method of exploration geophysics Mathematics * Reflection principle, in set theory * Point reflection, a reflection across a point * Reflection (mathematics), a transformation of a space * Reflection formula, a relation in a function * Reflective subcategory, in category theory * Reflection symmetry, the property of being unchanged by a reflection Computing * Reflection ( ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Charbagh
A ''charbagh'' or ''chaharbagh'' (; , , ) is a Persian gardens, Persian and Indo-Persian quadrilateral garden with a layout of four gardens traditionally separated by waterways, together representing the four gardens and rivers of Paradise, four rivers of Paradise mentioned in the Quran. The chaharbagh may also be divided by walkways instead of flowing water. Such gardens are found in countries throughout West Asia (which includes Iran), South Asia (which includes Pakistan and India), North Africa and the former al-Andalus. A famous example of a charbagh is that of the Taj Mahal in India. Concept The traditional chaharbagh has a four-part garden layout with axial waterways joining at a small square basin in the garden's centre. History The chaharbagh layout originated in the paradise gardens of the Achaemenid Empire, as suggested by excavations at Pasargadae and Susa. The highly structured geometrical scheme of the chaharbagh became a powerful method for the organization a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Constance Villiers-Stuart
Constance Mary Villiers-Stuart (''née'' Fielden, 1876 – 1966) was an English garden historian, journalist, water-colour painter and suffragist. She published the first full length study of Mughal Gardens and campaigned for New Delhi to follow an Indian town plan. Early life Villiers-Stuart was born Constance Mary Fielden in 1876. She was raised at the Georgian Beachamwell Hall in Norfolk, until it was destroyed by fire in 1903. She was an heiress of a large fortune which had been generated from her families Lancashire based cotton production business. She was educated by a governess then studied painting in Paris and Rome. Fielden married Patrick Villiers-Stuart, a soldier in the Royal Fusiliers, in 1908. They moved to British India, after his posting, in January 1911. They had one daughter, Patricia Villiers-Stuart. Villiers-Stuart was considered highly persuasive, and on one occasion persuaded the Prince of Wales to invite her to tea at Sandringham House. Career In Indi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mumtaz Mahal
Mumtaz Mahal (; ; born Arjumand Banu Begum; 27 April 1593 – 17 June 1631) was the empress consort of Mughal Empire from 1628 to 1631 as the chief consort of the fifth Mughal emperor, Shah Jahan. The Taj Mahal in Agra, often cited as one of the Wonders of the World, was commissioned by her husband to act as her tomb. Mumtaz Mahal was born Arjumand Banu Begum in Agra to a family of Persian nobility. She was the daughter of Abu'l-Hasan Asaf Khan, a wealthy Persian noble who held high office in the Mughal Empire, and the niece of Empress Nur Jahan, the chief consort of Emperor Jahangir and the power behind the emperor. Arjumand Banu was married at the age of 19 on 10 May 1612 or 16 June 1612 to Prince Khurram, later known by his regnal name Shah Jahan, who conferred upon her the title "Mumtaz Mahal" . Although betrothed to Shah Jahan since 1607, she ultimately became his second wife in 1612. Mumtaz and her husband had 14 children, including Jahanara Begum (Shah Jahan's favorit ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Taj Mahal
The Taj Mahal ( ; ; ) is an ivory-white marble mausoleum on the right bank of the river Yamuna in Agra, Uttar Pradesh, India. It was commissioned in 1631 by the fifth Mughal Empire, Mughal emperor, Shah Jahan () to house the tomb of his beloved wife, Mumtaz Mahal; it also houses the tomb of Shah Jahan himself. The tomb is the centrepiece of a complex, which includes a mosque and a guest house, and is set in formal gardens bounded on three sides by a crenellated wall. Construction of the mausoleum was completed in 1648, but work continued on other phases of the project for another five years. The first ceremony held at the mausoleum was an observance by Shah Jahan, on 6 February 1643, of the 12th anniversary of the death of Mumtaz Mahal. The Taj Mahal complex is believed to have been completed in its entirety in 1653 at a cost estimated at the time to be around 32 million, which in 2015 would be approximately 52.8 billion (827 million). The building complex incorporates ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Floral Design
Floral design or flower arrangement is the art of using plant material and flowers to create an eye-catching and balanced composition or display. Evidence of refined floral design is found as far back as the culture of ancient Egypt. Floral designs, called arrangements, incorporate the Floral design#Design, five elements and seven principles of floral design.Book of Floral Terminology, AIFD Floral design is considered a section of floristry. But floral design pertains only to the design and creation of arrangements. It does not include the marketing, merchandising, caring of, growing of, or delivery of flowers. Common flower arrangements in floral design include vase arrangements, wreaths, nosegays, garland (decoration), garlands, festoons, boutonnieres, corsages, and flower bouquet, bouquets. History The Eastern, Western, and European styles have all influenced the commercial floral design industry as it is today. Western design historically is characterized by symmetrical ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Shah Jahan
Shah Jahan I, (Shahab-ud-Din Muhammad Khurram; 5 January 1592 – 22 January 1666), also called Shah Jahan the Magnificent, was the Emperor of Hindustan from 1628 until his deposition in 1658. As the fifth Mughal emperor, his reign marked the zenith of Mughal architectural and cultural achievements. The third son of Jahangir (), Shah Jahan participated in the military campaigns against the Sisodia dynasty, Sisodia Rajputs of Mewar and the rebel Lodi (Pashtun tribe), Lodi nobles of the Deccan Plateau, Deccan. After Jahangir's death in October 1627, Shah Jahan defeated his youngest brother Shahryar Mirza and crowned himself emperor in the Agra Fort. In addition to Shahryar, Shah Jahan executed most of his rival claimants to the throne. He commissioned many monuments, including the Red Fort, Shah Jahan Mosque, Thatta, Shah Jahan Mosque and the Taj Mahal, where his favorite consort Mumtaz Mahal is entombed. In foreign affairs, Shah Jahan presided over the aggressive campaigns agai ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bird's Eye View Of The Taj Mahal At Agra
Birds are feathered, winged, bipedal, warm-blooded, egg-laying animals. Birds may also refer to: Literature * ''The Birds'' (play), an ancient Greek play by Aristophanes * ''The Birds'' (novel), a novel by Tarjei Vesaas * "The Birds" (story), a 1952 story by Daphne du Maurier * ''Birds'', the magazine of the Royal Society for the Protection of Birds * ''The Birds'', a musical play by David Cerda and Pauline Pang Film and television * ''The Birds'' (film), a 1963 Alfred Hitchcock film * ''Birds'' (advertisement), a 2008 award-winning television commercial * "Birds" (''Life''), 2009 episode of the BBC documentary series * "Birds", a Series B episode of the television ''QI'' (2004) Music * The Birds (band), a 1960s UK rhythm and blues band * ''The Birds'' (Respighi) or ''Gli Uccelli'', a suite for small orchestra by Ottorino Respighi Albums * ''Birds'' (Bic Runga album) (2005) * ''Birds'' (North Sea Radio Orchestra album) (2008) * ''Birds'' (Marius Neset album) (2013 al ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Susan Jellicoe
Lady Susan Jellicoe ( Pares; 30 June 1907 – 1 August 1986) was an English plantswoman, photographer, writer, and editor who worked in collaboration with her husband, the landscape architect Sir Geoffrey Jellicoe. Her main interest was in landscape and garden design. Life Susan Jellicoe (christened Ursula but known as Susan or Sue) was born in Liverpool on 30 June 1907, the third child of Margaret "Daisy" Ellis ( Dixon; 1879–1964) and Sir Bernard Pares, KBE (1867–1949), a historian and academic known for his work on Russia. She was educated at St Paul's Girls School, Hammersmith, and the Sorbonne, Paris. On 11 July 1936, she married the landscape architect Geoffrey Jellicoe. During the war she served in thMinistry of Information department that countered enemy propaganda working on the analysis of aerial reconnaissance photography. From 1945, she worked with her husband, designing planting schemes and taking the photographs for his architectural practice. She ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jahangir
Nur-ud-din Muhammad Salim (31 August 1569 – 28 October 1627), known by his imperial name Jahangir (; ), was List of emperors of the Mughal Empire, Emperor of Hindustan from 1605 until his death in 1627, and the fourth Mughal emperors, Mughal Emperor. Born as Prince Salim, he was the third and only surviving son of Emperor Akbar and his chief empress, Mariam-uz-Zamani. Akbar's quest for a successor took him to visit the Hazrat Ishaan and Salim Chishti, List of Sufi saints, Sufi saints who prophesied the birth of three sons. Jahangir's birth in Fatehpur Sikri was seen as a fulfillment of Chishti's blessings, and he was named after him. His parents’ early life was marked by personal tragedy, including the death of his full twin brothers in infancy, which led to a sense of grief in his family. His early education was comprehensive, covering various subjects including Persian language, Persian, Hindustani language, Hindustani, and military tactics. Jahangir's upbringing was heav ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dholpur
Dholpur is a city in the Dholpur district in Rajasthan state of India. It is situated on the left bank of the Chambal river. The city is the administrative headquarters of Dholpur district. Dholpur was established by King Dhaval Dev of the Tomar dynasty of Delhi Tomaras of Delhi in 1004 AD by the name of Dhavalpuri, later with time it was changed to the present day name Dholpur. Dholpur became a separate district in 1982 comprising Dholpur, Rajakhera, Saramathura, Bari and Baseri tehsils. Dholpur district is a part of Bharatpur Division/Commissionerate. It is bordered by Bharatpur district of Rajasthan to the North and Agra District of Uttar Pradesh to the north and north east, Morena District of Madhya Pradesh to the south, Karauli district to the west and Uttar Pradesh and Madhya Pradesh to the east. Dholpur is situated 33 km from Morena, 57 km from Agra and 76 km from Gwalior. Dholpur is famous for its red stone and ancient temple. Also, Machkund te ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lahore
Lahore ( ; ; ) is the capital and largest city of the Administrative units of Pakistan, Pakistani province of Punjab, Pakistan, Punjab. It is the List of cities in Pakistan by population, second-largest city in Pakistan, after Karachi, and 27th List of largest cities, largest in the world, with a population of over 14 million. Lahore is one of Pakistan's major industrial, educational and economic hubs. It has been the historic capital and cultural center of the wider Punjab region, and is one of Pakistan's most Social liberalism, socially liberal, Progressivism, progressive, and Cosmopolitanism, cosmopolitan cities. Origins of Lahore, Lahore's origin dates back to antiquity. The city has been inhabited for around two millennia, although it rose to prominence in the late 10th century with the establishment of the Walled City of Lahore, Walled City, its fortified interior. Lahore served as the capital of several empires during the medieval era, including the Hindu Shahis, Gha ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
