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Extreme Metal
Extreme metal is a loosely defined umbrella term for a number of related heavy metal music subgenres that have developed since the early 1980s. It has been defined as a "cluster of metal subgenres characterized by sonic, verbal, and visual transgression". The term usually refers to a more abrasive, harsher, underground, non-commercialized style associated with the speed metal, thrash metal, black metal, death metal, and doom metal genres.K. Kahn-Harris, ''Extreme Metal: Music and Culture on the Edge'' (Berg Publishers, 2007), , p. 31. Hardcore punk has been considered an integral part of the development of extreme metal in song structure and speed, apart from the case of doom metal. Definitions Extreme metal acts set themselves apart from traditional heavy metal acts, such as Iron Maiden, Judas Priest and Motörhead, by incorporating more abrasive musical characteristics such as higher tempos, increased aggression and a harsher extremity. In the majority of the world ...
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Heavy Metal Music
Heavy metal (or simply metal) is a Music genre, genre of rock music that developed in the late 1960s and early 1970s, largely in the United Kingdom and United States. With roots in blues rock, psychedelic rock and acid rock, heavy metal bands developed a thick, monumental sound characterized by distortion (music), distorted guitars, extended guitar solos, emphatic Beat (music), beats and loudness. In 1968, three of the genre's most famous pioneers – British bands Led Zeppelin, Black Sabbath and Deep Purple – were founded. Though they came to attract wide audiences, they were often derided by critics. Several American bands modified heavy metal into more accessible forms during the 1970s: the raw, sleazy sound and shock rock of Alice Cooper and Kiss (band), Kiss; the blues-rooted rock of Aerosmith; and the flashy guitar leads and party rock of Van Halen. During the mid-1970s, Judas Priest helped spur the genre's evolution by discarding much of its blues influence,Walser (1 ...
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Ambient Black Metal
Black metal is an extreme metal, extreme subgenre of heavy metal music. Common traits include Tempo#Beats per minute, fast tempos, a Screaming (music)#Black metal, shrieking vocal style, heavily distorted Electric guitar, guitars played with tremolo picking, raw (Lo-fi music, lo-fi) recording, unconventional song structures, and an emphasis on atmosphere. Artists often appear in corpse paint and adopt pseudonyms. Venom (band), Venom initiated the "First-wave black metal, first wave" of black metal, with their 1982 album ''Black Metal (Venom album), Black Metal'' giving it its name. In the following years, the style was developed by Bathory (band), Bathory, Mercyful Fate, Hellhammer and Celtic Frost. By 1987, this wave had declined, but influential works were released by Tormentor (band), Tormentor, Sarcófago, Parabellum (Colombian band), Parabellum, Blasphemy (band), Blasphemy, Samael (band), Samael and Rotting Christ. A "Second-wave black metal, second wave" arose in the early ...
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Christian Death Metal
Christian death metal or life metal is a subgenre that blends death metal music with Christian metal. It is defined by death metal’s musical style combined with Christian-themed lyrics, performed by bands whose members identify as Christians. Musically, it remains indistinguishable from traditional death metal, characterized by heavy guitar riffs, blast beats, and guttural vocals. However, the lyrics set it apart, often focusing on Christian concepts such as demons, sin, self and self-denial, Divine retribution, divine judgment, and apocalypse. The imagery in Christian death metal frequently mirrors or contrasts with that found in secular death metal, which often deals with violent, gory, or anti-Christian themes. Because of this, some critics view Christian death metal as an oxymoron or a surprising juxtaposition, and it has faced resistance from both secular death metal fans and some within the Christian community. Christian death metal proper formed in the late-1980s to the m ...
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Slam Death Metal
Brutal death metal is a subgenre of death metal that privileges heaviness, speed and complex rhythms over other aspects, such as melody and timbres. The genre was pioneered in the early 1990s by Suffocation (band), Suffocation and other groups from New York (state), New York including Mortician (band), Mortician, Skinless and Malignancy (band), Malignancy. Its subgenre slam death metal quickly developed, played by Internal Bleeding (band), Internal Bleeding, Devourment and Cephalotripsy (band), Cephalotripsy, putting a greater emphasis on the genre's mid-tempo, groove sections and Breakdown (music)#Heavy metal and punk rock, breakdowns. During the mid–1990s, a prominent wave of groups emphasising the genre's more technical aspects developed with Cryptopsy, Nile (band), Nile, Origin (band), Origin and Dying Fetus. During the mid–2000s, there was a revived interest in brutal death metal and slam, a period which produced Katalepsy and Ingested (band), Ingested, and saw groups lean ...
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Death Metal
Death metal is an extreme metal, extreme subgenre of heavy metal music. It typically employs heavily distorted and low-tuned guitars, played with techniques such as palm muting and tremolo picking; deep death growl, growling vocals; aggressive, powerful drumming, featuring double kick and blast beat techniques; minor keys or atonality; abrupt tempo, key, and time signature changes; and Chromatic scale, chromatic chord progressions. The lyrical themes of death metal may include slasher film-style violence,Moynihan, Michael, and Dirik Søderlind (1998). Lords of Chaos (2nd ed.). Feral House. , p. 27 political conflict, religion, nature, philosophy, true crime and science fiction. Building from the musical structure of thrash metal and Black metal#First wave, early black metal, death metal emerged during the mid-1980s. Bands such as Venom (band), Venom, Celtic Frost, Slayer, and Kreator were important influences on the genre's creation. Possessed (band), Possessed, Death (metal ba ...
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Unblack Metal
Unblack metal (also known as Christian black metal or White metal) is a religious philosophy and subgenre within black metal, inheriting several characteristics of it, such as the melody, the lyrics and the aesthetics (corpse paint), whose artists either directly oppose the Satanism prevalent in most black metal, or promote Christianity in their lyrics and imagery. Unblack metal artists are controversial within the black metal subculture, because black metal's pioneers, especially those of the Second Wave, were anti-Christian. It is also suggested that Christianity contradicts black metal's dark nature and the individualistic and misanthropic ideals of many bands. The exact beginning of the unblack metal movement is disputed. The Australian band Horde's 1994 album '' Hellig Usvart'' brought the concept and the term "holy unblack metal" (a word play on Darkthrone's slogan "unholy black metal" used on the albums '' A Blaze in the Northern Sky'' and '' Under a Funeral Moon'') to m ...
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Symphonic Black Metal
Symphonic black metal is a subgenre of black metal that emerged in the 1990s and incorporates symphonic and orchestral elements. History One of the earliest forerunners in what would come to be the sound of symphonic metal was Celtic Frost on their 1987 album '' Into the Pandemonium''. The first extreme metal bands incorporating classical, orchestral, and operatic elements into their music were Mekong Delta, Bulldozer on their album ''Neurodeliri'' (1988), Believer on '' Sanity Obscure'' (1990) and ''Dimensions'' (1993),; ; > Master's Hammer on ''Ritual'' (1991) and '' Jilemnický okultista'' (1992 demo and 1993 album) and Sigh on their debut '' Scorn Defeat'' (1993). The style on Emperor's '' In the Nightside Eclipse'' (1994) had a pioneering influence though and was the main inspiration for many keyboard-based black metal bands following after. Troll's ''Drep de kristne'' (1995) and Arcturus' '' Aspera Hiems Symfonia'' (1996) are other notable early works of symphonic ...
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Raw Black Metal
Black metal is an extreme subgenre of heavy metal music. Common traits include fast tempos, a shrieking vocal style, heavily distorted guitars played with tremolo picking, raw (lo-fi) recording, unconventional song structures, and an emphasis on atmosphere. Artists often appear in corpse paint and adopt pseudonyms. Venom initiated the " first wave" of black metal, with their 1982 album ''Black Metal'' giving it its name. In the following years, the style was developed by Bathory, Mercyful Fate, Hellhammer and Celtic Frost. By 1987, this wave had declined, but influential works were released by Tormentor, Sarcófago, Parabellum, Blasphemy, Samael and Rotting Christ. A " second wave" arose in the early 1990s, spearheaded by bands in the early Norwegian black metal scene, such as Mayhem, Darkthrone, Burzum, Immortal, Emperor, Satyricon and Gorgoroth. This Norwegian scene did much to define black metal as a distinct genre, and inspired other scenes in Finland (Beherit, Archgo ...
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Psychedelic Black Metal
Black metal is an extreme metal, extreme subgenre of heavy metal music. Common traits include Tempo#Beats per minute, fast tempos, a Screaming (music)#Black metal, shrieking vocal style, heavily distorted Electric guitar, guitars played with tremolo picking, raw (Lo-fi music, lo-fi) recording, unconventional song structures, and an emphasis on atmosphere. Artists often appear in corpse paint and adopt pseudonyms. Venom (band), Venom initiated the "First-wave black metal, first wave" of black metal, with their 1982 album ''Black Metal (Venom album), Black Metal'' giving it its name. In the following years, the style was developed by Bathory (band), Bathory, Mercyful Fate, Hellhammer and Celtic Frost. By 1987, this wave had declined, but influential works were released by Tormentor (band), Tormentor, Sarcófago, Parabellum (Colombian band), Parabellum, Blasphemy (band), Blasphemy, Samael (band), Samael and Rotting Christ. A "Second-wave black metal, second wave" arose in the early ...
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Blackgaze
Blackgaze is a fusion genre combining elements of black metal and shoegaze. The word is a blend of the names of the two genres, described by ''The Guardian'' as "the buzz term for a new school of bands taking black metal out of the shadows and melding its blast beats, dungeon wailing and razorwire guitars with the more reflective melodies of post-rock, shoegaze and post-hardcore." According to ''Exclaim!'', blackgaze "marries the harsh, alien instrumentation of black metal with the mellower, dreamy soundscapes of shoegaze." Influenced by atmospheric black metal bands like Ulver and Summoning, the genre was pioneered by French musician Neige around 2005 through the projects Alcest and Amesoeurs and has risen to prominence with the success of American group Deafheaven. ''The Guardian'' named Deafheaven "blackgaze's de facto poster boys, the most likely to open up black metal to an even wider audience", and ''Exclaim!'' described their second album '' Sunbather'' – the mos ...
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Post-black Metal
Black metal is an extreme subgenre of heavy metal music. Common traits include fast tempos, a shrieking vocal style, heavily distorted guitars played with tremolo picking, raw (lo-fi) recording, unconventional song structures, and an emphasis on atmosphere. Artists often appear in corpse paint and adopt pseudonyms. Venom initiated the " first wave" of black metal, with their 1982 album ''Black Metal'' giving it its name. In the following years, the style was developed by Bathory, Mercyful Fate, Hellhammer and Celtic Frost. By 1987, this wave had declined, but influential works were released by Tormentor, Sarcófago, Parabellum, Blasphemy, Samael and Rotting Christ. A " second wave" arose in the early 1990s, spearheaded by bands in the early Norwegian black metal scene, such as Mayhem, Darkthrone, Burzum, Immortal, Emperor, Satyricon and Gorgoroth. This Norwegian scene did much to define black metal as a distinct genre, and inspired other scenes in Finland ( Beherit ...
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