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Ethnic Groups In Chad
__NOTOC__ The population of Chad has numerous ethnic groups. SIL Ethnologue reports more than 130 distinct languages spoken in Chad. History and demographics The 14 million inhabitants of Chad belong to some 200 ethnicities, who speak numerous languages. The peoples of Chad carry significant ancestry from Eastern, Central, Western, and Northern Africa. The population can be broadly divided between those in the east, north and west who follow Islam, and the peoples of the south, the five southernmost prefectures, who are mostly Christian or animist. The southern part of the country was historically the cross roads of the caravan routes below the Sahara, forming a link between West Africa and the Arabic region, as well as one between North Africa and sub-Saharan Africa. The slave trade between sub-Saharan Africa and the Middle East passed through the slave markets of Chad and Western Sudan, slave-trading was a key component of Chad's historic economy, and this brought people of vari ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Caravane Des Nomades 10
Caravane, also known as Camelbert, is the brand name of a camel milk cheese produced in Mauritania by Tiviski, a company founded by Nancy Abeiderrhamane in 1987. A brie-like cheese, its availability is largely limited to Mauritania, and as an export to neighboring Senegal. Flavor and texture The cheese has similarities to brie, featuring a bloomy rind and a soft, off-white interior. Production Caravane cheese is produced in Mauritania at one of the earliest camel milk dairy plants globally, founded and operated by Nancy Abeiderrahmane. Originally from England and raised in Spain, Abeiderrahmane settled in Mauritania in 1986 after marrying a Mauritanian politician. In 1992, the Food and Agriculture Organization, FAO aided her in creating camel cheese, providing a scientist to teach her a special enzyme method. This resulted in Caravane. Global distribution Caravane cheese has faced regulatory hurdles, particularly within the European Union. In 2008, it was reported that th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bidiyo People
Bidiyo (also known as Bidyo, Bidio, 'Bidio, 'Bidiyo, Bidiyo-Waana, Bidiya) is an Afro-Asiatic language spoken in south central Chad Chad, officially the Republic of Chad, is a landlocked country at the crossroads of North Africa, North and Central Africa. It is bordered by Libya to Chad–Libya border, the north, Sudan to Chad–Sudan border, the east, the Central Afric .... Notes References * Alio, Khalil . 1986. Essai de description de la langue bidiya du Guéra (Tchad). Berlin: Reimer. * Alio (Aliyo Daouchane), Khalil. 1987a. Les classes verbales en bidiya. In: Herrmann Jungraithmayr and Henry Tourneux (eds.), Etudes tchadiques, Classes et extensions verbales, 11–16. Paris: Geuthner. * Alio (Aliyo Daouchane), Khalil. 1987b. Extensions figées et productives en bidiya. In: Herrmann Jungraithmayr and Henry Tourneux (eds.), Etudes tchadiques, Classes et extensions verbales, 43–48. Paris: Geuthner. * Alio, Khalil. 1988a. Emprunts et intégration en bidiya. In: ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
History Of Slavery
The history of slavery spans many cultures, nationalities, and Slavery and religion, religions from ancient times to the present day. Likewise, its victims have come from many different ethnicities and religious groups. The social, economic, and legal positions of slaves have differed vastly in different systems of slavery in different times and places. Slavery has been found in some hunter-gatherer populations, particularly as hereditary slavery, but the conditions of agriculture with increasing social and economic complexity offer greater opportunity for mass chattel slavery. Slavery was institutionalized by the time the first civilizations emerged (such as Sumer in Mesopotamia, which dates back as far as 3500 BC). Slavery features in the Mesopotamian ''Code of Hammurabi'' (c. 1750 BC), which refers to it as an established institution. Slavery was widespread in the ancient world in Europe, Asia, the Middle East, and Africa. and the Americas. Slavery became less common thro ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kanem–Bornu Empire
The Kanem–Bornu Empire was an empire based around Lake Chad that once ruled areas which are now part of Nigeria, Niger, Cameroon, Libya, Algeria, Sudan, and Chad. The empire was sustained by the prosperous trans-Saharan trade and was one of the oldest and longest-lived List of kingdoms and empires in African history, empires in African history. The foundation and early history of the Kanem–Bornu Empire is poorly known. The state is typically dated to have been founded around the year 700, though it may have been established centuries earlier or later. The ruling Duguwa dynasty ruled from their capital Njimi in the Kanem (region), Kanem region and used the ruling title ''List of mais of Kanem–Bornu, mai''. By the 11th century, the Duguwa had been replaced by the Sayfawa dynasty and the empire had converted to Islam. Economic factors and conflict with the Bilala people caused the empire to lose Kanem in the 14th century. ''Mai'' Omar I of Kanem, Omar I re-centered the empire i ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Islamization Of The Sudan
The Islamization of the Sudan region (Sahel) encompasses a prolonged period of religious conversion, through military conquest and trade relations, spanning the 8th to 16th centuries. Following the 7th century Muslim conquest of Egypt and the 8th-century Muslim conquest of North Africa, Arab Muslims began leading trade expeditions into Sub-Saharan Africa, first towards Nubia, and later across the Sahara into West Africa. Much of this contact was motivated by an interest in trans-Saharan trade, particularly the slave trade. The proliferation of Islamic influence was largely a gradual process. The Christian kingdoms of Nubia were the first to experience Arab incursion starting in the 7th century. They held out through the Middle Ages until the Kingdom of Makuria and Old Dongola both collapsed in the early 14th century. Sufi orders played a significant role in the spread of Islam from the 9th to 14th centuries, and they proselytized across trade routes between North Africa an ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kujarke People
The Kujarke people (also spelled Kujargé) are a little-known ethnic group of the Ouaddaï Region in eastern Chad and South Darfur, Sudan. They speak Kujargé, a divergent, unclassified Afro-Asiatic language. Their current population and locations are unknown due to the war in Darfur. Furthermore, they have not been previously recorded as a separate ethnic group by any government or foreign aid organization. Current status Due to the war in Darfur, most Kujarke may now be living in refugee camps in the Goz Beïda and Dar Sila regions of eastern Chad. However, the Kujarke have not been recorded as a separate group by any government or foreign aid organization. As a result, Kujarke may have been passing themselves off as Daju or Fur. The first time the Kujarke had been mentioned in over 25 years was when French anthropologist Jerome Tubiana had interviewed a Daju village chief in Tiero. The chief of Tiero mentioned that a Kujarke village had been burned to the ground by the Janjaw ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tama People
Tama are a non-Arab, African ethnic group of people who live in eastern Chad and western Sudan. They speak Tama, a Nilo-Saharan language. The population is 200,000–300,000 people and they practice Islam. Many Tama are subsistence farmers who live in permanent settlements and some raise livestock. In the civil war in Chad the Tama were involved in ethnic conflicts with the Zaghawa tribe. Culture The Tama people are a non-ArabHuman Rights Watch, p. 11 (i.e., "Indigenous African" ) tribe that live in Dar Tama in northeastern Chad and Darfur in western Sudan. They number 200,000–300,000. They speak Tama, a Nilo-Saharan language. Many of the Tama are subsistence farmersOlson, p. 42 who live in permanent settlements and raise millet, beans, cucumbers, gumbo, and sesame. They also raise cattle, camels and goats. The majority of Tama are Muslims, but they also have some animistic beliefs. Subgroups The Tama are made up of a number of subgroups: Abu Sharib (approximately 50,000 p ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Zaghawa People
The Zaghawa people, also called Beri or Zakhawa, are an ethnic group primarily residing in southwestern Libya, northeastern Chad, and western Sudan, including Darfur. Zaghawas speak the Zaghawa language, which is an eastern Saharan language. They are pastoralists, and a breed of sheep that they herd is called Zaghawa by the Arabs. They are nomadic and obtain much of their livelihood through herding cattle, camels and sheep and harvesting wild grains. It has been estimated that there are 384,150 people who belong to the Zaghawa ethnicity. Names The royal history of the Kanem–Bornu Empire, the '' Girgam'', refers to the Zaghawa people as the Duguwa. Today, Zaghawa refer to themselves as the ''Beri'', while Arabic speakers and literature refer to them as "Zaghawa". In literature related to African ethnic groups, the term ''Beri'' (sometimes ''Kegi'') includes Zaghawas, Bideyat, and Bertis peoples, each clustered in different parts of Chad, Sudan and Libya. History The ear ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bagirmi People
The Bagirmi (also spelled "Baguirmi") or Barma are a Central African ethnic group who inhabit the Chari-Baguirmi region of Chad. They are one of Chad's major ethnic groups. Social structure Language The Bagirmi mostly speak the Bagirmi language as their native language, although some of them speak Fula or Chadian Arabic instead. Religion Their main religion is Folk Islam. Islam was introduced to the Bagirmi by the start of the 17th century, however it never fully replaced their traditional beliefs. Government Bagirmi society has a royal family and their king is known as ''mbang'', a tradition that dates back to the Sultanate of Bagirmi. Economy The Bagirmi mainly cultivate sorghum and millet and raise cattle, chickens, goats and sheep. See also * Sultanate of Bagirmi The Sultanate or Kingdom of Bagirmi () was an Islamic sultanate southeast of Lake Chad in Central Africa. It was founded in either 1522, a tributary to the Bornu Empire for much of its existence, and las ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Karo People (Chad)
Karo may refer to: Ethnic groups * Karo people (Ethiopia), an ethnic group from Ethiopia * Karo people (Indonesia), the indigenous people of the Karo Plateau in North Sumatra Languages * Karo language (Brazil), a Tupian language * Karo language (Ethiopia), an Omotic language * Karo language (Nilotic), a Nilotic language of Uganda, South Sudan and the DRC * Batak Karo language, an Austronesian language of Sumatra, Indonesia * The Kalo dialect of the Austronesian Keapara language of Papua New Guinea * The Karo dialect of the Papuan Rawa language of Papua New Guinea People * Karo (name), a list of people with the given name or surname Other uses * Karo Regency, a regency of North Sumatra, Indonesia * KARO (98.7 FM) a radio station of Oregon, the United States * Karō, samurai officials and advisers of feudal Japan * Karo-kari, term for honor killing in Pakistan *Karo syrup, a US brand of corn syrup * Karo (tree), small tree or shrub native to New Zealand, aka ''Pittosporum cra ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fulani
The Fula, Fulani, or Fulɓe people are an ethnic group in Sahara, Sahel and West Africa, widely dispersed across the region. Inhabiting many countries, they live mainly in West Africa and northern parts of Central Africa, South Sudan, Darfur, and regions near the Red Sea coast in Sudan. The approximate number of Fula people is unknown, due to clashing definitions regarding Fula ethnicity. Various estimates put the figure between 25 and 40 million people worldwide. A significant proportion of the Fula – a third, or an estimated 7 to 10 million – are pastoralists, and their ethnic group has the largest nomadic pastoral community in the world., Quote: The Fulani form the largest pastoral nomadic group in the world. The Bororo'en are noted for the size of their cattle herds. In addition to fully nomadic groups, however, there are also semisedentary Fulani – Fulbe Laddi – who also farm, although they argue that they do so out of necessity, not choice. The majority of the Fu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
