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Ethnic Enclaves
In sociology, an ethnic enclave is a geographic area with high ethnic concentration, characteristic cultural identity, and economic activity. The term is usually used to refer to either a residential area or a workspace with a high concentration of ethnic firms.Portes, Alejandro, and Leif Jensen. "Disproving the Enclave Hypothesis: Reply." ''American Sociological Review''. Vol. 57. no. 3 (1992): 418-420. Their success and growth depends on self-sufficiency, and is coupled with economic prosperity. The theory of social capital and the formation of migrant networks creates the social foundation for ethnic enclaves. Douglas Massey describes how migrant networks provide new immigrants with social capital that can be transferred to other tangible forms.Massey, Douglas S. "Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science." Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science. Vol. 510. World Population: Approaching the Year 2000 (Jul., 1990): pp. 60. As immigr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Binondo, Manila
Binondo () is a district in Manila and is referred to as the city's Chinatown. Its influence extends beyond to the places of Quiapo, Santa Cruz, San Nicolas and Tondo. It is the oldest Chinatown in the world, established in 1594 by the Spaniards as a settlement near Intramuros but across the Pasig River for Catholic Chinese, it was positioned so that colonial rulers could keep a close eye on their migrant subjects. It was already a hub of Chinese commerce even before the Spanish colonial period. Binondo is the center of commerce and trade of Manila, where all types of business run by Filipino-Chinese thrive. Noted residents include Saint Lorenzo Ruiz, the Filipino protomartyr, and Venerable Mother Ignacia del Espiritu Santo, founder of the Congregation of the Religious of the Virgin Mary. Etymology Numerous theories on the origin of the name "Binondo", and that of "Tondo", its neighboring district, have been put forward. Philippine National Artist Nick Joaquin s ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jamanak
''Jamanak'' (Armenian: Ժամանակ, meaning "time") is the longest continuously running Armenian language daily newspaper in the world. It is published in Istanbul, Turkey. History The first issue appeared on October 28, 1908 with Misak Koçunyan as the editor and has been somewhat a family establishment, for it has been owned by the Koçunyan family since its inception. After Misak Koçounyan, it was passed down to Sarkis Koçunyan, and since 1992 to Ara Koçunyan. Many illustrious names in Armenian literature have been contributors to the paper, including Krikor Zohrab, Daniel Varujan, Vahan Tekeyan, Yerukhan, Gomidas, Hovhannes Tumanyan, Teotig, Arshaguhi Teotig, Ruben Sevak, Zabel Yesayan, Sibil, Nigoghos Sarafian, Vazken Shushanyan, Zareh Vorpuni, Nshan Beshiktashlian, Hagop Mntsuri, Msho Kegham, Zahrad, Zaven Biberyan, Toros Azadyan, Minas Tölelyan, among others. The newspaper uses the Western Armenian language and traditional Mesrobian spelling. The edi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Secondary Labor Market
The secondary labor market is the labor market consisting of high-turnover, low-pay, and usually part-time or temporary work. Sometimes, secondary jobs are performed by high school or college students. The majority of service sector, light manufacturing, and retail jobs are considered secondary labor. Secondary market jobs are sometimes referred to as “food and filth” jobs, a reference to workers in fast food, retail, or yard work, for example. A secondary-market job is distinct from a "secondary worker". The latter term refers to someone in a family (traditionally, the wife or a child) who earns a smaller income than the "breadwinner" in order to supplement family income. Challenge to economics The existence of the secondary labor market challenges classical explanations of the functioning of the labor market. Classical and neoclassical economists conceived of the labor market as a commodity market: the concurrent interaction of labor supply (rational workers seeking their ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Alejandro Portes
Alejandro Portes (born October 13, 1944) is a Cuban-American sociologist. He is a member of the National Academy of Sciences, the American Philosophical Society, and of the Board of Trustees and the Scientific Council at the IMDEA Social Sciences Institute. He also served as the president of the American Sociological Association in 1999. His academic studies have focused on immigration to the United States and factors affecting the fates of immigrants and their children. He has also done work on shack settlements in Latin America. His work is highly cited in the sub-fields of economic sociology, cultural sociology and race and ethnicity. Career Portes attended the University of Havana (1959–1960), Catholic University of Argentina, Buenos Aires (1963) and received his BA from Creighton University in 1965. He received his MA in 1967 and PhD in 1970 in sociology from the University of Wisconsin–Madison. Portes has held the John Dewey Chair in Arts and Science at Johns Hopkins U ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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