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Elections In Liechtenstein
Elections in Liechtenstein take place at a national level within a multi-party system, with two dominant political parties. The Landtag of Liechtenstein has 25 members, elected for a four-year term by proportional representation in two multi-seat constituencies. The country also holds mayoral and municipal elections for four-year terms. The country replaced universal male suffrage with universal suffrage, following a national referendum. Electoral process A variation of the standard party-list proportional format is used to elect 15 members from the district of Oberland and 10 members from the district of Unterland. The highest-remainder method dictates each party’s seat total in a district based on their vote share (which will be covered in more detail) there. Elections in these two districts are essentially separate, and the individual municipal divisions technically play no role in determining the eventual winners. There are four parties currently registered in Liec ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Largest Remainder Method
Party-list proportional representation Apportionment methods The quota or divide-and-rank methods make up a category of apportionment rules, i.e. algorithms for allocating seats in a legislative body among multiple groups (e.g. parties or federal states). The quota methods begin by calculating an entitlement (basic number of seats) for each party, by dividing their vote totals by an electoral quota (a fixed number of votes needed to win a seat, as a unit). Then, leftover seats, if any are allocated by rounding up the apportionment for some parties. These rules are typically contrasted with the more popular highest averages methods (also called divisor methods). By far the most common quota method are the largest remainders or quota-shift methods, which assign any leftover seats to the "plurality" winners (the parties with the largest remainders, i.e. most leftover votes). When using the Hare quota, this rule is called Hamilton's method, and is the third-most common ap ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Electoral Calendar
This national electoral calendar for 2025 lists the national/ federal elections scheduled to be held in 2025 in all sovereign states and their dependent territories. By-elections are excluded, though national referenda are included. Specific dates are given where these are known. January * 12 January: ** Comoros, Parliament ** Croatia, President (2nd round) * 16 January: Vanuatu, Parliament * 26 January: Belarus, President February * 7 February: '' Turks and Caicos Islands, Parliament'' * 9 February: ** Ecuador, President (1st round) and Parliament ** ''Kosovo, Parliament'' ** Liechtenstein, Parliament ** Switzerland, Referendums * 15 February: '' Abkhazia, President (1st round)'' * 18 February: ''Bermuda, House of Assembly'' * 23 February: Germany, Bundestag * 26 February: ''Anguilla, Parliament'' March * 1 March: '' Abkhazia, President (2nd round)'' * 2 March: Tajikistan, Assembly of Representatives * 4 March: Micronesia, Parliament * 5 March: ''Tristan da Cunha, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Demographics Of Liechtenstein
Demographic features of the population of Liechtenstein include population density, ethnicity, education level, health of the populace, economic status, religious affiliations and other aspects of the population. Liechtenstein is the fourth smallest country in Europe, after Vatican City, Monaco, and San Marino. Its population is primarily ethnic Alemannic, although a third of its resident population are foreign nationals,https://www.llv.li/files/as/bevolkerungsstatistik-30-juni-2019.pdf primarily German speakers from the Federal Republic of Germany, Austria, and the Swiss Confederation, other Swiss, Italians, and Turks. Nationals are referred to by the plural: Liechtensteiners. The official language is German; most speak Alemannic, a German dialect highly divergent from Standard German, but closely related to those dialects spoken in neighbouring regions. In Triesenberg a quite distinct dialect promoted by the municipality is spoken. According to the 2000 census, 87.9% ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Districts Of Liechtenstein
A district is a type of administrative division that in some countries is managed by the local government. Across the world, areas known as "districts" vary greatly in size, spanning regions or counties, several municipalities, subdivisions of municipalities, school district, or political district. Etymology The word "district" in English is a loan word from French. It comes from Medieval Latin districtus–"exercising of justice, restraining of offenders". The earliest known English-language usage dates to 1611, in the work of lexicographer Randle Cotgrave. By country or territory Afghanistan In Afghanistan, a district (Persian ) is a subdivision of a province. There are almost 400 districts in the country. Australia Electoral districts are used in state elections. Districts were also used in several states as cadastral units for land titles. Some were used as squatting districts. New South Wales had several different types of districts used in the 21st centur ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hare Quota
The Hare quota (sometimes called the simple, ideal, or Hamilton quota) is the number of voters represented by each legislator in an idealized system of proportional representation where every vote is used to elect someone. The Hare quota is equal to the number of votes divided by the number of seats. The Hare quota was used in Thomas Hare's proposal for a single transferable vote system and can still be used for this purpose, though the Droop quota is used for most STV elections today. The Hare quota is often used to set electoral thresholds and to calculate apportionments under party-list proportional representation when using the largest remainder method. In such cases, the Hare quota gives unbiased apportionments that do not favor either large or small parties. However, unlike Droop's quota, the Hare quota does not guarantee a party with a majority of votes in the district will win at least half the seats. The quota was first proposed by Alexander Hamilton for use in Un ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Politics Of Liechtenstein
Liechtenstein is a principality governed under a semi-constitutional monarchy. It has a form of mixed constitution in which political power is shared by the monarch and a democratically elected parliament. There is a two-party system (though there are two minor parties as well) and a form of representative democracy in which the prime minister and head of government is responsible to parliament. However, the Prince of Liechtenstein is head of state and exercises considerable political powers. The executive power is exercised by the Cabinet of Liechtenstein (government). Legislative power is vested in both the government and the Landtag (Parliament). The party system is dominated by the conservative Progressive Citizens' Party and the liberal-conservative Patriotic Union. The judiciary is independent of the executive and the legislature. The country replaced universal male suffrage with universal suffrage in 1984, following a national referendum. Constitution The current ite ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Free List (Liechtenstein)
The Free List (, FL) is a centre-left to left-wing political party in Liechtenstein. As of 2025, it has two seats in the Landtag of Liechtenstein and is represented in five of the eleven local councils. It was founded in 1985 and described itself as social-democratic and green. History The Free List ran for the first time in the 1986 state elections. In this election, and also in the 1989 election, it was unable to overcome the threshold clause. In 1993, the Free List overcame the 8% electoral threshold for the first time with over 10% in the state elections and was also able to consolidate in the early elections in the same year with 8.5%, although this remained its worst result since then. Having increased to over 11% in 1997 and falling again somewhat in 2001, FL reached a record 13.0% of the votes in the 2005 election and thus won three out of a total of 25 mandates. In the 2009 elections, it fell to 8.9% and was only able to win one seat. In the 2013 election, its sha ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
The Independents (Liechtenstein)
The Independents (; abbreviated DU, meaning "''YOU''" in German) is a right-wing populist Eurosceptic political party in Liechtenstein. In the 2013 parliamentary election, the first they contested, they won 29,740 votes (15.3%) and four seats in the Landtag. International commentators suggested that the party had benefited from protest votes against austerity measures. From 2013 to 2021 it was led by former Patriotic Union Landtag member Harry Quaderer, and since 2021 by Pio Schurti. History and political positions DU is not a party in the traditional sense, having incorporated as a party solely to take advantage of the financial and political rights associated with that status; its platform calls for Members of the Landtag to be able to vote based on their own convictions rather than party pressures. According to Leiden University political science professor Wouter Veenendaal, the DU has an ideology "similar to that of the Progressive Citizens' Party and the Patriotic Union ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Patriotic Union (Liechtenstein)
The Patriotic Union (, VU) is a liberal conservatism, liberal-conservative political party in Liechtenstein. The VU is one of the two major List of political parties in Liechtenstein, political parties in Liechtenstein, along with the Monarchism, monarchist-Conservatism, conservative Progressive Citizens' Party (FBP). The VU is the relatively more liberalism, liberal of the two parties, supporting a constitutional monarchy and advocating for greater democratic governance. Since 2021, it is led by Thomas Zwiefelhofer and holds ten seats in the 25-member Landtag of Liechtenstein. History The Patriotic Union was formed by the 1936 merger of the Christian-Social People's Party (Liechtenstein), Christian-Social People's Party (VP) with the minor party Liechtenstein Homeland Service (LHD). While the VP was the larger and more popular party, following the merger members of the LHD took prominent positions in the leadership of the new party. After decades of being second to the Progress ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Progressive Citizens' Party
The Progressive Citizens' Party in Liechtenstein (, FBP) is a Conservatism, conservative List of political parties in Liechtenstein, political party in Liechtenstein. The FBP is one of the two major party, major List of political parties in Liechtenstein, political parties in Liechtenstein, along with the liberal-conservative Patriotic Union (Liechtenstein), Patriotic Union. Founded in 1918 along with the now-defunct Christian-Social People's Party (Liechtenstein), Christian-Social People's Party, it is the oldest wikt:extant, extant party in Liechtenstein. History The party was established in 1918 by middle class citizens and members of the agricultural community as a response to the formation of the Christian-Social People's Party (Liechtenstein), Christian-Social People's Party (VP).Vincent E McHale (1983) ''Political parties of Europe'', Greenwood Press, p609 In addition to being linked to the commercial and rural environment, the party was also firmly anchored in the clergy. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Counting Single Transferable Votes
The single transferable vote (STV) is a proportional representation system and ranked voting rule that elects multiple winners. Under STV, an elector's vote is initially allocated to their first-ranked candidate. Candidates are elected (''winners'') if their vote tally exceeds the electoral quota''.'' Any surplus votes (those exceeding quota) are transferred from winners to the remaining candidates (''hopefuls'') according to the surplus ballots' next usable back-up preference. The system attempts to ensure factions are represented proportionally, without the need for official party lists, by having each winner elected with roughly the same number of votes. There are several variants of the Single Transferable Vote, each with different properties. Voting When using an STV ballot, the voter ranks candidates on the ballot. For example: Some, but not all single transferable vote systems require a preference to be expressed for every candidate, or for the voter to express at l ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
