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Dutch Brazil
Dutch Brazil (; ), also known as New Holland (), was a colony of the Dutch Republic in the northeastern portion of modern-day Brazil, controlled from 1630 to 1654 during Dutch colonization of the Americas. The main cities of the colony were the capital Mauritsstad (today part of Recife), Frederikstadt ( João Pessoa), Nieuw Amsterdam ( Natal), Saint Louis ( São Luís), São Cristóvão, Fort Schoonenborch ( Fortaleza), Sirinhaém, and Olinda. From 1630 onward, the Dutch Republic conquered almost half of Brazil's settled European area at the time, with its capital in Recife. The Dutch West India Company (GWC) set up its headquarters in Recife. The governor, John Maurice of Nassau, invited artists and scientists to the colony to help promote Brazil and increase immigration. However, the tide turned against the Dutch when the Portuguese won a significant victory at the Second Battle of Guararapes in 1649. On 26 January 1654, the Dutch surrendered and signed the capitulation, bu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Colony
A colony is a territory subject to a form of foreign rule, which rules the territory and its indigenous peoples separated from the foreign rulers, the colonizer, and their ''metropole'' (or "mother country"). This separated rule was often organized into colonial empires, with their metropoles at their centers, making colonies neither annexation, annexed or even Territorial integration, integrated territories, nor client states. Particularly new imperialism and its colonialism advanced this separated rule and its lasting coloniality. Colonies were most often set up and colonized for exploitation and possibly settlement by colonists. The term colony originates from the ancient rome, ancient Roman , a type of Roman settlement. Derived from ''colonus'' (farmer, cultivator, planter, or settler), it carries with it the sense of 'farm' and 'landed estate'. Furthermore, the term was used to refer to the older Greek ''apoikia'' (), which were Greek colonisation, overseas settlements by ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Recapture Of Recife (1652–1654)
The Recapture of Recife (or Second Siege of Recife) was a military engagement between the Portuguese forces under Francisco Barreto de Meneses and the Dutch forces of Captain Walter Van Loo. After the Dutch defeats at Guararapes, their surviving men, as well as other garrisons of New Holland, joined in the area of Mauritsstad (modern-day Recife) in order to make a last stand. However, after fierce fighting, the Portuguese victoriously entered the city and the remaining Dutch were ousted from Brazil. Background After the Portuguese Independence from Spain in 1640, the Dutch West India Company recalled Johan Maurits to Europe in 1644, in an attempt to cut military expenditures. Soon after, the WIC faced a major uprising of Portuguese planters in June 1645. The Portuguese planters around Pernambuco had never fully accepted Dutch rule, and had also resented the high interest rates charged by Dutch moneylenders for loans to rebuild their plantations following the initial Dutch conq ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sugar Industry
The sugar industry subsumes the production, Sugar refinery, processing and marketing of sugars (mostly sucrose and fructose). Globally, about 80% of sugar is extracted from sugar cane, grown predominantly in the tropics, and 20% from sugar beet, grown mostly in temperate climate in North America or Europe. Sugar is used for soft drinks, sweetened beverages, convenience foods, fast food, candy, confectionery, baking industry, baked products, and other sweetened foods. Sugarcane is used in the distillation of rum. Several countries Subsidy, subsidize sugar. Globally in 2018, around 185 million tons of sugar was produced, led by India with 35.9 million tons, followed by Brazil and Thailand. There are more than 123 sugar-producing countries, but only 30% of the produce is traded on the international market. Market Sugar subsidies have driven market costs for sugar well below the cost of production. As of 2019, 3/4 of world sugar production is never traded on the open market. Brazi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Treaty Of The Hague (1661)
The Treaty of The Hague (also known as the Treaty of Den Haag) was signed on 6 August 1661 between representatives of the Dutch Republic and Portugal. Based on the terms of the treaty, the Dutch Republic recognized Portuguese sovereignty over New Holland (Brazil), New Holland (Dutch Brazil) in exchange for an indemnity of 4 million Portuguese real, reis, conversion from 2 million caroli guilders, over the span of 16 years. ''Articulen van vrede en Confoederarie, Gheslooten Tusschen den Doorluchtighsten Comingh van Portugael ter eenre, ende de Hoogh Mogende Heeren Staten General ...;'' History In 1648–49 the Luso-Brazilians defeated the Dutch in the First Battle of Guararapes, first and Second Battle of Guararapes, second battles of Guararapes, and gradually eliminated the Dutch presence in their colonies ...[...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Olinda
Olinda () is a historic city in Pernambuco, Brazil, in the Northeast Region, Brazil, Northeast Region. It is located on the country's northeastern Atlantic Ocean coast, in the Recife metropolitan area, Metropolitan Region of Recife, the state capital. It has a population of 349,976 people, covers , and has a population density of . It is noted as one of the best-preserved colonial cities in Brazil and has been inhabited since 1535. As the former capital of the Captaincy of Pernambuco during the Colonial Brazil, colonial era, Olinda has many historical buildings—the center was declared a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1982—and a rich culture. The Brazilian Carnival, Carnaval of Olinda, a popular street party, is very similar to traditional Portuguese carnivals, with the addition of African influenced dances, reflecting the history of the Northeast. All the festivities are celebrated on the streets with no bleachers or roping, and, unlike in other cities, admission is free. Ther ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sirinhaém
Sirinhaém is a municipality in Pernambuco with 46,361 inhabitants. The town was founded in 1614 making it among the oldest in the state. The Mayor is Camila Machado Leocadio Lins Dos Santos (PP, 2021 – 2024). Access BR-101, PE-060, PE-064 (via Cabo de Santo Agostinho) Geography * State - Pernambuco * Region - RMR (Recife) * Boundaries - Ipojuca and Escada (N); Rio Formoso and Tamandaré (S); Ribeirão (W); Atlantic Ocean (E) * Area - 378.8 km2 * Elevation - 49 m * Vegetation - Forest Subperenifólia and Coconut trees * Climate - Hot tropical and humid * Mean and high annual temperatures - 20.1 °C; 29.5 °C * Distance to Recife - 65 km Beaches *Gamela beach Beach of clear water, reefs and extensive areas of coconut trees. It has some bars and ''Palhoças'' (tents) offering typical food of the region (based in fish and seafood). *Guadalupe beach Still almost virgin in its 3 kilometers long. Its part of the ''Gold Coast Project' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fortaleza
Fortaleza ( ; ; ) is the state capital of Ceará, located in Northeast Region, Brazil, Northeastern Brazil. It is Brazil's 4th largest city—Fortaleza surpassed Salvador, Bahia, Salvador in 2022 census with a population of slightly over 2.4 million—and 12th among cities with the highest gross domestic product. It forms the core of the Fortaleza metropolitan area, which is home to almost 4 million people. Fortaleza is an important industrial and commercial center of Northeast Brazil. According to the Ministry of Tourism (Brazil), Ministry of Tourism, it is the fourth most visited city and tourist destination in the country. The BR-116, the most important highway in the country, starts in Fortaleza. The municipality is part of the Mercosur common market, and vital trade port which is closest to mainland Europe, being from Lisbon, Portugal. To the north of the city lies the Atlantic Ocean; to the south are the Municipalities of Brazil, municipalities of Pacatuba, Ceará, Pacat ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
São Cristóvão
São Cristóvão (, ''Saint Christopher'') is a Brazilian Municipalities of Brazil, municipality in the Northeast Region, Brazil, Northeastern state of Sergipe. Founded at the mouth of the Vaza-Barris River on January 1, 1590, the municipality is the fourth oldest settlement in Brazil. São Cristóvão is noted for its historic city square, São Francisco Square, and numerous early colonial-period buildings. The site was designated a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 2010. São Cristóvão covers , making it the third largest settlement in the state of Sergipe behind Aracaju and Nossa Senhora do Socorro. Its population is 91,093 (est. 2020) and has a population density of 196.43 per km2 (508.8/sq mi). São Cristóvão is home to the Federal University of Sergipe, which was established in 1968. History São Cristóvão was established by the Portuguese (in a time when Portugal, Spain and the Naples kingdoms were under the rule of Philip II of Spain) as one of the first colonizatio ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
São Luís, Maranhão
São Luís (; "Saint Louis") is the capital and largest city of the Brazilian state of Maranhão. The city is located on Upaon-açu Island or Ilha de São Luís, in the Baía de São Marcos (''Saint Mark's Bay''), an extension of the Atlantic Ocean which forms the estuary of Pindaré, Mearim, Itapecuru and other rivers. Its coordinates are 2.53° south, 44.30° west. São Luís has the second largest maritime extension within Brazilian states. Its maritime extension is 640 km (397 miles). The city proper has a population of some 1,037,775 people (2022 IBGE census). The metropolitan area totals 1,536,017, ranked as the 15th largest in Brazil. São Luís, created originally as ''Saint-Louis-de-Maragnan'', is the only Brazilian state capital founded by France (see France Équinoxiale) and it is one of the three Brazilian state capitals located on islands (the others are Vitória and Florianópolis). The historic center of the city (dating from the 17th century) has ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Natal, Rio Grande Do Norte
Natal (), literally ''Christmas'' or ''natal'' ("birth") is the capital and largest city of the States of Brazil, state of Rio Grande do Norte, located in Northeast Region, Brazil, northeastern Brazil. According to Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics, IBGE's 2022 estimate, the city had a total population of 751,300, making it the 24th largest city in the country. Natal is a major tourist destination and an exporting hub of crustaceans, carnauba wax, sugarcane, sugarcane products and fruits, mostly melon, watermelon, and papaya. Natal is Brazil's closest city to Africa and Europe, its Greater Natal International Airport connects the city with many Brazilian destinations and also operates some international flights. The city was one of the host cities of the 2014 FIFA World Cup. History The Brazilian coast has long been home to indigenous peoples, generally members of the Tupian languages, Tupi language family. While written records do not exist, archeological evi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
João Pessoa, Paraíba
João Pessoa () is a port city in northeastern Brazil. It is the largest city in, and capital of, the state of Paraíba with an estimated population of 833,932 (as of 2022). It is located on the right bank of the Paraíba do Norte river. The new "Estação Ciência, Cultura e Artes" (Science, Culture and Art Station), located at the most eastern point of the Americas (''Ponta do Seixas''), is an educational and cultural institution as well as a national landmark. The complex, inaugurated in 2008, was created by Brazilian architect Oscar Niemeyer and is one of his final projects. The capital of Paraíba received the title of City of Crafts and Folk Arts, Creative City by UNESCO in 2017, appointing João Pessoa as "Brazilian city of handicrafts". History The city of João Pessoa was founded on August 5, 1585, during the celebration of the peace pact between the Portuguese represented by the Portuguese João Tavares, and the indigenous people, represented by the Piragibe Indi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Recife
Recife ( , ) is the Federative units of Brazil, state capital of Pernambuco, Brazil, on the northeastern Atlantic Ocean, Atlantic coast of South America. It is the largest urban area within both the North Region, Brazil, North and the Northeast Region, Brazil, Northeast Region of Brazil. It is the largest city in Pernambuco state, and the fourth-largest urban area in all of Brazil; the Metropolitan area, metro population of the city of Recife was 3,726,974 in 2022. Recife was founded in 1537, serving as the main harbor of the Captaincy of Pernambuco—known for its Brazilian sugar cycle, large-scale production of sugar cane. At one point, it was known as Mauritsstad, when it served as the capital city of the 17th century colony of New Holland (Brazil), New Holland of Dutch Brazil (founded by the Dutch West India Company). Situated at the confluence of the Beberibe River, Beberibe and Capibaribe River, Capibaribe rivers, before they drain into the South Atlantic Ocean, Recife is a m ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
