|
Dukes Of Albemarle
The Dukedom of Albemarle () has been created twice in the Peerage of England, each time ending in extinction. Additionally, the title was created a third time by James II in exile and a fourth time by his son the Old Pretender, in the Jacobite peerage. The name ''Albemarle'' is derived from the Latinised form of the French commune of in Normandy ( meaning 'White Marl', marl being a type of fertile soil), other forms being ''Aubemarle'' and ''Aumerle''. It arose in connection with the ancient Norman Counts of Aumale of Aumale in Normandy. Dukes of Albemarle (Aumale), first creation (1397) * Edward of Norwich, Duke of Aumale (Albemarle) (1373–1415), grandson of Edward III, was deprived of this dukedom in 1399. He later succeeded his father as Duke of York. Dukes of Albemarle, second creation (1660) :''also Earl of Torrington, Baron Monck of Potheridge, Beauchamp and Teyes (England, 7 July 1660)'' *George Monck, 1st Duke of Albemarle (1608–1670) was rewarded with ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Coronet Of A British Duke
In British heraldry, a coronet is a type of crown that is a mark of rank of non-reigning members of the royal family and peers. In other languages, this distinction is not made, and usually the same word for ''crown'' is used irrespective of rank (, , , , , etc.) In this use, the English ''coronet'' is a purely technical term for all heraldic images of crowns not used by a sovereign. A Coronet is another type of crown, but is reserved for the nobility - Dukes, Marquesses, Earls, Viscounts and Barons. The specific design and attributes of the crown or coronet signifies the hierarchy and ranking of its owner. Certain physical coronets are worn by the British peerage on rare ceremonial occasions, such as the coronation of the monarch. These are also sometimes depicted in heraldry, and called coronets of rank in heraldic usage. Their shape varies depending on the wearer's rank in the peerage, according to models laid down in the 16th century. Similar depictions of crowns of rank () ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Richard II (play)
''The Life and Death of King Richard the Second'' (1595), also ''Richard II'', is a Shakespearean history play about the lifetime and reign of King Richard II of England (r. 1377–1399). As a dramatised period history of the English monarchy, ''Richard II'' chronicles the machinations of the Nobility, noblemen of the royal court who conspire, precipitate, and realise the downfall and death of the King of England. As the first work in the Henriad tetralogy of English history plays, the political narrative of ''Richard II'' is thematically followed throughout the stories of ''Henry IV, Part 1'', ''Henry IV, Part 2'', and ''Henry V (play), Henry V'', which also are histories of the reigns of his royal successors to the Throne of England. Although the First Folio (1623) classifies ''The Life and Death of Richard the Second'' as an English history play, the earlier Early texts of Shakespeare's works, Quarto edition (1597) classifies ''Richard II'' as a tragedy, under the title ''T ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1696 Establishments In England
Events January–March * January 21 – The Recoinage Act, passed by the Parliament of England to pull counterfeit silver coins out of circulation, becomes law.James E. Thorold Rogers, ''The First Nine Years of the Bank of England'' (Clarendon Press, 1887 p. 41 * January 27 – In England, the ship (formerly ''Sovereign of the Seas'') catches fire and burns at Chatham, after 57 years of service. * January 31 – In the Netherlands, undertakers revolt after funeral reforms in Amsterdam. * January – Colley Cibber's play '' Love's Last Shift'' is first performed in London. * February 8 (January 29 old style) – Peter the Great, who had jointly reigned since 1682 with his mentally ill older half-brother Tsar Ivan V, becomes the sole Tsar of Russia when Ivan dies at the age of 29. * February 15 – A plot to ambush and assassinate King William III of England in order to restore King James and the House of Stuart to the throne is foiled w ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1688 Disestablishments In England
Events January–March * January 2 – Fleeing from the Spanish Navy, French pirate Raveneau de Lussan and his 70 men arrive on the west coast of Nicaragua, sink their boats, and make a difficult 10 day march to the city of Ocotal. * January 5 – Pirates Charles Swan and William Dampier and the crew of the privateer ''Cygnet'' become the first Englishmen to set foot on the continent of Australia. * January 11 – The Patta Fort and the Avandha Fort, located in what is now India's Maharashtra state near Ahmednagar, are captured from the Maratha clan by Mughul Army commander Matabar Khan. The Mughal Empire rules the area 73 years. * January 17 – Ilona Zrínyi, who has defended the Palanok Castle in Hungary from Austrian Imperial forces since 1685, is forced to surrender to General Antonio Caraffa. * January 29 – Madame Jeanne Guyon, French mystic, is arrested in France and imprisoned for seven months. * January 30 (January 20, 1687 old st ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1660 Establishments In England
Year 166 ( CLXVI) was a common year starting on Tuesday of the Julian calendar. At the time, it was known as the Year of the Consulship of Pudens and Pollio (or, less frequently, year 919 ''Ab urbe condita''). The denomination 166 for this year has been used since the early medieval period, when the Anno Domini calendar era became the prevalent method in Europe for naming years. Events By place Roman Empire * Dacia is invaded by barbarians. * Conflict erupts on the Danube frontier between Rome and the Germanic tribe of the Marcomanni. * Emperor Marcus Aurelius appoints his sons Commodus and Marcus Annius Verus as co-rulers ( Caesar), while he and Lucius Verus travel to Germany. * End of the war with Parthia: The Parthians leave Armenia and eastern Mesopotamia, which both become Roman protectorates. * A plague (possibly small pox) comes from the East and spreads throughout the Roman Empire, lasting for roughly twenty years. * The Lombards invade Pannonia (modern Hun ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1399 Disestablishments In England
Year 1399 ( MCCCXCIX) was a common year starting on Wednesday of the Julian calendar. Events January–December * January – Timur the Lame captures and sacks Haridwar. * February 3 – John of Gaunt, uncle of King Richard II of England and father of Henry Bolingbroke, dies. * March 18 – Richard II of England cancels the legal documents allowing the exiled Henry Bolingbroke to inherit his father's lands. * July 4 – While Richard II of England is away on a military campaign in Ireland, Henry Bolingbroke, with exiled former archbishop of Canterbury Thomas Arundel as an advisor, returns to England and begins a military campaign to reclaim his confiscated lands. * August 6 – Prince of Yan ( Zhu Di) of China starts a rebellion in Beijing. * August 12 – Battle of the Vorskla River: Mongol Golden Horde forces, led by Khan Temür Qutlugh and Emir Edigu, annihilate a crusading army led by former Golden Horde Khan Tokhtamysh, and Grand Duke Vyt ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1397 Establishments In England
Year 1397 ( MCCCXCVII) was a common year starting on Monday of the Julian calendar. Events January–December * January – Mircea I takes back the throne of Wallachia. * February 10 – John Beaufort becomes Earl of Somerset in England. * June 6 – Richard Whittington is nominated as Lord Mayor of London for the first time. * June 17 – Eric of Pomerania is crowned in Kalmar (Sweden) as ruler of the Kalmar Union, a personal union of the three kingdoms of Denmark, Norway (with Iceland, Greenland, the Faroe Islands, Shetland and Orkney) and Sweden (including Finland and Åland) engineered by Queen Margaret I of Denmark, his great-aunt and adoptive mother, who retains ''de facto'' power in the realm. * July 12 – Richard II of England attempts to reassert authority over his kingdom by arresting members of a group of powerful barons known as the Lords Appellant. * September 25 – The Treaty of Kalmar is signed. * September 29 ** John Hollan ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dukes Of Albemarle
The Dukedom of Albemarle () has been created twice in the Peerage of England, each time ending in extinction. Additionally, the title was created a third time by James II in exile and a fourth time by his son the Old Pretender, in the Jacobite peerage. The name ''Albemarle'' is derived from the Latinised form of the French commune of in Normandy ( meaning 'White Marl', marl being a type of fertile soil), other forms being ''Aubemarle'' and ''Aumerle''. It arose in connection with the ancient Norman Counts of Aumale of Aumale in Normandy. Dukes of Albemarle (Aumale), first creation (1397) * Edward of Norwich, Duke of Aumale (Albemarle) (1373–1415), grandson of Edward III, was deprived of this dukedom in 1399. He later succeeded his father as Duke of York. Dukes of Albemarle, second creation (1660) :''also Earl of Torrington, Baron Monck of Potheridge, Beauchamp and Teyes (England, 7 July 1660)'' *George Monck, 1st Duke of Albemarle (1608–1670) was rewarded with ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tory (British Political Party)
The Tories were a loosely organised political faction and later a political party, in the Parliaments of England, Scotland, Ireland, Great Britain and the United Kingdom. They first emerged during the 1679 Exclusion Crisis, when they opposed Whig efforts to exclude James, Duke of York from the succession on the grounds of his Catholicism. Despite their fervent opposition to state-sponsored Catholicism, Tories opposed his exclusion because of their belief that inheritance based on birth was the foundation of a stable society. After the succession of George I in 1714, the Tories had no part in government and ceased to exist as an organised political entity in the early 1760s (although the term continued to be used in subsequent years as a term of self-description by some political writers). About twenty years later, a new Tory party arose and participated in government between 1783 and 1830, with William Pitt the Younger followed by Robert Jenkinson, 2nd Earl of Liverpool. Th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Henry FitzJames
Henry FitzJames (6 August 1673 – 16 December 1702), titular 1st Duke of Albemarle in the Jacobite peerage, was an illegitimate son of King James II of England and VII of Scotland by Arabella Churchill, sister of the first Duke of Marlborough. Life FitzJames was born in St. James's Square, Westminster, then in the county of Middlesex, England, during the reign of his uncle, Charles II. He was the younger brother of James FitzJames, 1st Duke of Berwick, the French Marshal. He was also the brother of Henrietta FitzJames and Arabella FitzJames, who was named after her mother and became a nun. FitzJames was raised in France and educated at the College of Juilly and the Collège Henri-IV. In 1687, at the age of thirteen, he was sent to England to gain military experience aboard HMS ''Sedgemoor'', named after his father's recent victory. Following the Glorious Revolution in 1688, FitzJames followed his father into exile in France. At the age of sixteen, his father made Fi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Christopher Monck, 2nd Duke Of Albemarle
Christopher Monck, 2nd Duke of Albemarle (14 August 1653 – 6 October 1688) was an English Army officer, politician and colonial administrator who sat in the House of Commons of England, House of Commons from 1667 to 1670 when he inherited his father's dukedom and sat in the House of Lords. Monck briefly served as Lieutenant Governor of Jamaica and is credited with arranging the first boxing match in England. Life Early life Monck was the son and heir of George Monck, 1st Duke of Albemarle (1608–1670) by his wife Anne Clarges (d.1700), a daughter of John Clarges, "Farrier in the Savoy Palace, Savoy", of Drury Lane, Westminster. Anne's brother was Sir Thomas Clarges (c. 1618–1695), Member of Parliament, MP, who greatly assisted his brother-in-law, the then – before his elevation to the dukedom – General George Monck, in bringing about the Restoration of the English monarchy, Restoration of the Monarchy in 1660. She was the presumed widow of Thomas Radford, milliner, o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Restoration (England)
The Stuart Restoration was the reinstatement in May 1660 of the Stuart monarchy in England, Scotland, and Ireland. It replaced the Commonwealth of England, established in January 1649 after the execution of Charles I, with his son Charles II. The Commonwealth of England had been governed by Lord Protector Oliver Cromwell and then his son Richard Cromwell. The term is also used to describe the reign of Charles II (1660–1685), and sometimes that of his younger brother James II (1685–1688). The Protectorate After Richard Cromwell, Lord Protector from 1658 to 1659, ceded power to the Rump Parliament, Charles Fleetwood and John Lambert then dominated government for a year. On 20 October 1659, George Monck, the governor of Scotland under the Cromwells, marched south with his army from Scotland to oppose Fleetwood and Lambert. Lambert's army began to desert him, and he returned to London almost alone whilst Monck marched to London unopposed. The Pre ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
