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Don Host Oblast
Don Host Oblast was a province (''oblast'') of the Russian Empire which consisted of the territory of the Don Cossacks, coinciding approximately with present-day Rostov Oblast in Russia. Its administrative center was Cherkassk, and later Novocherkassk. It comprised the areas where the Don Cossack Host settled in the Russian Empire. From 1786, the territory was officially named Don Host Land (), renamed Don Host Oblast in 1870. During 1914, the oblast, with an area of 164,000 km², had about 3.9 million inhabitants. Of these, 55% (2.1 million) were Cossacks in possession of all the land; the remaining 45% of the population being townsfolk and agricultural guest labourers from other parts of Russia. It was abolished in 1920; from the major part of it the Don Oblast of the RSFSR The Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic (Russian SFSR or RSFSR), previously known as the Russian Socialist Federative Soviet Republic and the Russian Soviet Republic, and unofficia ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Oblasts Of The Russian Empire
Oblasts in the Russian Empire were considered to be administrative units and were included as parts of Governorates General or krais. The majority of then-existing oblasts were located on the periphery of the country (e.g. Kars Oblast or Transcaspian Oblast) or covered the areas where Cossacks lived. List * Amur Oblast * Armenian Oblast * Batum Oblast * Belostok Oblast * Bessarabia Oblast * Don Voisko Oblast * Dagestan Oblast * Zabaikalskaya Oblast * Imeretinskaya Oblast ru * Caucasian * Kamchatka Oblast * Kars Oblast * Caspian Oblast (1840-1846) ru * Kvantunskaya Oblast * Kuban Oblast * Orenburg Kirgiz * Omsk Oblast * Primorskaya Oblast * Sakhalin * Taurida Oblast (1783-1796), annexation of the Crimean Khanate * Tarnopolsky * Terek Oblast * Turgay Oblast * Ural Oblast * Yakutsk Oblast ; Oblasts of Stepnoy Krai * Akmolinsk Oblast * Siberia Kirgiz * Semipalatinsk Oblast ; Oblasts of Turkestan Krai * Transcaspian Oblast * Samarkand Oblast * Syr-Da ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Romanization Of Russian
The romanization of the Russian language (the transliteration of Russian text from the Cyrillic script into the Latin script), aside from its primary use for including Russian names and words in text written in a Latin alphabet, is also essential for computer users to input Russian text who either do not have a keyboard or word processor set up for inputting Cyrillic, or else are not capable of typing rapidly using a native Russian keyboard layout ( JCUKEN). In the latter case, they would type using a system of transliteration fitted for their keyboard layout, such as for English QWERTY keyboards, and then use an automated tool to convert the text into Cyrillic. Systematic transliterations of Cyrillic to Latin There are a number of distinct and competing standards for the romanization of Russian Cyrillic, with none of them having received much popularity, and, in reality, transliteration is often carried out without any consistent standards. Scientific transliteration Scien ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Armenian Language
Armenian (endonym: , , ) is an Indo-European languages, Indo-European language and the sole member of the independent branch of the Armenian language family. It is the native language of the Armenians, Armenian people and the official language of Armenia. Historically spoken in the Armenian highlands, today Armenian is also widely spoken throughout the Armenian diaspora. Armenian is written in its own writing system, the Armenian alphabet, introduced in 405 AD by Saint Mesrop Mashtots. The estimated number of Armenian speakers worldwide is between five and seven million. History Classification and origins Armenian is an independent branch of the Indo-European languages. It is of interest to linguists for its distinctive phonological changes within that family. Armenian exhibits Centum and satem languages, more satemization than centumization, although it is not classified as belonging to either of these subgroups. Some linguists tentatively conclude that Armenian, Greek ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kalmyk Language
Kalmyk Oirat (, ), also known as the Kalmyk language () and formerly anglicized as Calmuck, is a Variety (linguistics), variety of the Oirat language, natively spoken by the Kalmyks, Kalmyk people of Kalmykia, a federal subject of Russia. In Russia, it is the standard language, standard form of the Oirat Mongolian (based on the Torgut Oirat, Torgut dialect), which belongs to the Mongolic languages, Mongolic language family. The Kalmyk people of the Northwest Caspian Sea of Russia claim descent from the Oirats from Eurasia, who have also historically settled in Mongolia and Northwest China. According to UNESCO, the language is "definitely endangered". сән /sæn/. Nevertheless, in inflected forms of such words, short vowels tend to become elongated: сән /sæn/ "good" > сәәг /sæːgə/ "good-", күн /kyn/ "man"> күүнә /kyːnæ/ "man-". Despite that, long vowels still may be pronounced in non-initial syllables. This happens if a word consists of three syllables, sec ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
German Language
German (, ) is a West Germanic language in the Indo-European language family, mainly spoken in Western Europe, Western and Central Europe. It is the majority and Official language, official (or co-official) language in Germany, Austria, Switzerland, and Liechtenstein. It is also an official language of Luxembourg, German-speaking Community of Belgium, Belgium and the Italian autonomous province of South Tyrol, as well as a recognized national language in Namibia. There are also notable German-speaking communities in other parts of Europe, including: Poland (Upper Silesia), the Czech Republic (North Bohemia), Denmark (South Jutland County, North Schleswig), Slovakia (Krahule), Germans of Romania, Romania, Hungary (Sopron), and France (European Collectivity of Alsace, Alsace). Overseas, sizeable communities of German-speakers are found in the Americas. German is one of the global language system, major languages of the world, with nearly 80 million native speakers and over 130 mi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ukrainian Language
Ukrainian (, ) is an East Slavic languages, East Slavic language, spoken primarily in Ukraine. It is the first language, first (native) language of a large majority of Ukrainians. Written Ukrainian uses the Ukrainian alphabet, a variant of the Cyrillic script. The standard language is studied by the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine and Potebnia Institute of Linguistics. Comparisons are often made between Ukrainian and Russian language, Russian, another East Slavic language, yet there is more mutual intelligibility with Belarusian language, Belarusian,Alexander M. Schenker. 1993. "Proto-Slavonic", ''The Slavonic Languages''. (Routledge). pp. 60–121. p. 60: "[The] distinction between dialect and language being blurred, there can be no unanimity on this issue in all instances..."C.F. Voegelin and F.M. Voegelin. 1977. ''Classification and Index of the World's Languages'' (Elsevier). p. 311, "In terms of immediate mutual intelligibility, the East Slavic zone is a sin ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Russian Language
Russian is an East Slavic languages, East Slavic language belonging to the Balto-Slavic languages, Balto-Slavic branch of the Indo-European languages, Indo-European language family. It is one of the four extant East Slavic languages, and is the native language of the Russians. It was the ''de facto'' and ''de jure'' De facto#National languages, official language of the former Soviet Union.1977 Soviet Constitution, Constitution and Fundamental Law of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics, 1977: Section II, Chapter 6, Article 36 Russian has remained an official language of the Russia, Russian Federation, Belarus, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, and Tajikistan, and is still commonly used as a lingua franca in Ukraine, Moldova, the Caucasus, Central Asia, and to a lesser extent in the Baltic states and Russian language in Israel, Israel. Russian has over 253 million total speakers worldwide. It is the List of languages by number of speakers in Europe, most spoken native language in Eur ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Uryupinsk
Uryupinsk () is a town in Volgograd Oblast, Russia, located northwest of Volgograd on the Khopyor River. Population: Etymology There are two theories of the historical background for the town's name. One is that it is from name of a Tartar prince ''Uryup'', who got bogged down in a swamp near this location, during a fight with Yermak and got captured. Another is that it is from either the family name ''Uryupin'' or the word "" (). According to the 1866 '' Explanatory Dictionary of the Living Great Russian Language'' by Vladimir Dal, this archaic word means ''untidy person'', which probably in this context characterizes not a person, but the swampy area. The name of this town is known to many Russian people as a synonym for "backwater town". This usage became widespread after the popular Soviet film '' Destiny of a Man''. The film was based on a short story by Mikhail Sholokhov, and Uryupinsk was the place of the action, shown as an inconspicuous provincial town. History Fo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Serafimovich (town)
Serafimovich () is a town and the administrative center of Serafimovichsky District in Volgograd Oblast, Russia, located on the right bank of the River Don, northwest of Volgograd, the administrative center of the oblast. Population: History It was founded in 1589 as the ''stanitsa'' of Ust-Medveditskaya (). In 1933, it was granted town status and renamed Serafimovich after the writer Alexander Serafimovich, who was born and lived here. Administrative and municipal status Within the framework of administrative divisions, Serafimovich serves as the administrative center of Serafimovichsky District. As an administrative division, it is incorporated within Serafimovichsky District as the town of district significance Town of district significance is an administrative division of a district in a federal subject of Russia. It is equal in status to a selsoviet or an urban-type settlement of district significance, but is organized around a town (as opposed to a ... of Serafim ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Taganrog
Taganrog (, ) is a port city in Rostov Oblast, Russia, on the north shore of Taganrog Bay in the Sea of Azov, several kilometers west of the mouth of the Don (river), Don River. It is in the Black Sea region. Population: Located at the site of an ancient Greek and medieval Italian colony, modern Taganrog was founded in 1698. Contested by various factions during World War I and the Russian Civil War, the city served as the temporary Soviet Ukrainian capital in 1918. Demographics History The history of the city goes back to the late Bronze Age–early Iron Age. Later, it became the earliest Ancient Greek colonies, Greek settlement in the northwestern Black Sea region and was probably mentioned by the Greek historian Herodotus as Emporium (antiquity), emporion Kremnoi (Κρήμνοι, meaning cliffs). It had contacts as well to the other Greek colonies around the Black Sea as well as to the indigenous communities of the hinterland. In the 13th century, Republic of Pisa, Pisan ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Proletarsk, Rostov Oblast
Proletarsk () is a town and the administrative center of Proletarsky District in Rostov Oblast, Russia, located on the Manych River, on the Rostov-on-Don–Baku railway. It was formerly the Cossack ''stanitsa'' of Velikoknyazheskaya (). History Proletarsk is the site of a massive petroleum tank farm installation of the Russian Federal Agency for State Reserves, some 250 km from the Ukrainian border. On 18 August 2024, during the Russian invasion of Ukraine, it was set ablaze by a Ukrainian Armed Forces drone strike. As of 23 August 2024, the tank farm was still ablaze, while the Ukrainians aggravated it with another drone strike on that day. Local authorities declared a state of emergency. On 2 September the fire was extinguished. The Telegram channel ''RostovGazeta'' reported that the fire at the Proletarsk oil depot precipitated a surge in the sale of oil storage and refining facilities in the region due to the threat of new attacks from Ukraine. [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rostov-on-Don
Rostov-on-Don is a port city and the administrative centre of Rostov Oblast and the Southern Federal District of Russia. It lies in the southeastern part of the East European Plain on the Don River, from the Sea of Azov, directly north of the North Caucasus. The southwestern suburbs of the city lie above the Don river delta. Rostov-on-Don has a population of over one million people and is an important cultural, educational, economic and logistical centre of Southern Russia. History Early history From ancient times, the area around the mouth of the Don River has held cultural and commercial importance. Ancient indigenous inhabitants included the Scythian and Sarmatian tribes. It was the site of Tanais, an ancient Greek colony, Fort Tana under the Genoese, and Fort Azak in the time of the Ottoman Empire. In 1749, a custom house was established on the Temernik River, a tributary of the Don, by edict of the Empress Elizabeth, the daughter of Peter the Great, in orde ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
