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Dissorophoids
Dissorophoidea is a clade of medium-sized, temnospondyl amphibians that appeared during the Moscovian in Euramerica, and continued through to the Late Permian and the Early Triassic of Gondwana. They are distinguished by various details of the skull, and many species seem to have been well adapted for life on land. Dissorophoid diversity was highest in the Permian; some of the more diverse families within the group include Dissorophidae (toad-like amphibians with armored scutes along their backbone), Trematopidae (terrestrial predators with large triangular skulls), and Branchiosauridae (small neotenic amphibians with large external gills). The small Permo-Carboniferous Micromelerpetontidae are another example of neotenic dissorophoids. Many small dissorophoids with short rounded skulls were historically known as "amphibamids"; in 2018, the name Amphibamiformes was erected for a clade equivalent to the broad historical definition of "Amphibamidae". Since 2008, a consensus of ear ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Temnospondyli
Temnospondyli (from Greek τέμνειν, ''temnein'' 'to cut' and σπόνδυλος, ''spondylos'' 'vertebra') or temnospondyls is a diverse ancient order of small to giant tetrapods—often considered primitive amphibians—that flourished worldwide during the Carboniferous, Permian and Triassic periods, with fossils being found on every continent. A few species continued into the Jurassic and Early Cretaceous periods, but all had gone extinct by the Late Cretaceous. During about 210 million years of evolutionary history, they adapted to a wide range of habitats, including freshwater, terrestrial, and even coastal marine environments. Their life history is well understood, with fossils known from the larval stage, metamorphosis and maturity. Most temnospondyls were semiaquatic, although some were almost fully terrestrial, returning to the water only to breed. These temnospondyls were some of the first vertebrates fully adapted to life on land. Although temnospondyls are amph ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pennsylvanian (geology)
The Pennsylvanian ( , also known as Upper Carboniferous or Late Carboniferous) is, on the International Commission on Stratigraphy, ICS geologic timescale, the younger of two period (geology), subperiods of the Carboniferous Period (or the upper of two system (stratigraphy), subsystems of the Carboniferous System). It lasted from roughly . As with most other geochronology, geochronologic units, the stratum, rock beds that define the Pennsylvanian are well identified, but the exact date of the start and end are uncertain by a few hundred thousand years. The Pennsylvanian is named after the U.S. state of Pennsylvania, where the coal Bed (geology), beds of this age are widespread. The division between Pennsylvanian and Mississippian (geology), Mississippian comes from North American stratigraphy. In North America, where the early Carboniferous beds are primarily marine limestones, the Pennsylvanian was in the past treated as a full-fledged geologic period between the Mississippian ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Neoteny
Neoteny (), also called juvenilization,Montagu, A. (1989). Growing Young. Bergin & Garvey: CT. is the delaying or slowing of the Physiology, physiological, or Somatic (biology), somatic, development of an organism, typically an animal. Neoteny in humans, Neoteny in modern humans is more significant than in other primates. In progenesis or paedogenesis, sexual development is accelerated. Both neoteny and progenesis result in paedomorphism (as having the form typical of children) or paedomorphosis (changing towards forms typical of children), a type of heterochrony. It is the retention in adults of traits previously seen only in the young. Such retention is important in evolutionary biology, domestication, and evolutionary developmental biology. Some authors define paedomorphism as the retention of larval traits, as seen in salamanders.Schell, S. C. ''Handbook of Trematodes of North America North of Mexico'', 1985, pg. 22 History and etymology Julius Kollmann created the term ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rubeostratilia
''Rubeostratilia'' is an extinct genus of amphibamiform temnospondyl from the early Permian of Texas. It is known from a single skull. This genus was named by Hélène Bourget and Jason S. Anderson in 2011, and the type species is ''Rubeostratilia texensis''. The genus name comes from the Latin translation of 'redbeds' in reference to the Texas redbeds that produced both the holotype and many other early Permian fossils. The specific name is for the state of Texas. The holotype and only known specimen was collected in 1941 from the Nocona Formation exposures in Clay County by a Works Projects Administration project that was transferred to the Field Museum of Natural History through an interinstitutional exchange with the Texas Memorial Museum Texas Science & Natural History Museum is located on the campus of The University of Texas at Austin in Austin, Texas, U.S. It opened as Texas Memorial Museum during preparations for the Texas Centennial Exposition held in 1936. The museum ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Plemmyradytes
''Plemmyradytes'' is an extinct genus of dissorophoid temnospondyl from the early Permian (early Asselian stage). It is an amphibamiform from the Eskridge Formation exposures of Nebraska. The type species is ''Plemmyradytes shintoni''. The genus name derives from the Greek ''plemmyris'' ('tide' or 'wave') and ''dytes'' ('diver'), while the specific name honors John Shinton, a fossil preparator at the Denver Museum of Natural History where all known specimens of this taxon are reposited following collection in the late 20th century. Anatomy Huttenlocker et al. (2007) differentiated ''Plemmyradytes'' from other amphibamiforms by: (1) the reduced lateral exposure of the palatine (LEP); (2) a long and narrow supratemporal without a ventral flange; (3) a posteriorly extensive squamosal, long and slightly recurved teeth that decrease in size posteriorly; (4) a shallow dentary with a trough below the tooth row; and (5) smaller teeth on the dentary relative to the maxilla. Phyloge ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Platyrhinops
''Platyrhinops'' is an extinct genus amphibamid temnospondyl from the Late Carboniferous (late Westphalian stage) of Ohio and the Czech Republic The Czech Republic, also known as Czechia, and historically known as Bohemia, is a landlocked country in Central Europe. The country is bordered by Austria to the south, Germany to the west, Poland to the northeast, and Slovakia to the south .... It is known from many partial skeletons from the Linton site in Saline Township, Ohio and at least 6 partial specimens from the Nýřany site from the Nýřany Member of the Kladno Formation in the Czech Republic. Gallery Image:Amphibamus.JPG, Cast of holotype at UALVP. Image:Platyrhinops lyelli.jpg, Cast of holotype in the Field Museum of Natural History See also * Prehistoric amphibian * List of prehistoric amphibians References Amphibamids Dissorophidae Fossil taxa described in 1931 Pennsylvanian temnospondyls of Europe Pennsylvanian temnospondyls of North Ameri ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nanobamus
''Nanobamus'' is an extinct genus of amphibamiform temnospondyl amphibian. The type species is ''Nanobamus macrorhinus''. The type specimen is UCLAVP 3686, a skull recovered from the Lower Permian Arroyo Formation (Texas, United States). History of study UCLA VP 3686 was originally described by Olson (1985) as a larval " trematopsid" (now called 'trematopids'). Much of this referral was based on the elongate external naris, a feature that is well known in derived trematopids such as ''Acheloma ''Acheloma'' (also known as ''Trematops milleri'') is an extinct genus of temnospondyl that lived during the Early Permian. The type species is ''A. cumminsi''. History of study ''Acheloma'' was named by Edward Drinker Cope in 1882 based on ...,'' although the feature is not exclusive to trematopids or universally found in all trematopids. This identification was challenged by Dilkes (1991), who noted that the construction of the naris was different from that of trematopids, impl ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Georgenthalia
''Georgenthalia'' is an extinct genus of dissorophoid temnospondyl from the Lower Permian. It is an amphibamid which lived in what is now the Thuringian Forest of central Germany. It is known from the holotype MNG 11135, a small, complete skull. It was found in the Bromacker locality of the Tambach Formation. It was first named by Jason S. Anderson, Amy C. Henrici, Stuart S. Sumida, Thomas Martens and David S. Berman in 2008 and the type species is ''Georgenthalia clavinasica''. Phylogeny Cladogram A cladogram (from Greek language, Greek ''clados'' "branch" and ''gramma'' "character") is a diagram used in cladistics to show relations among organisms. A cladogram is not, however, an Phylogenetic tree, evolutionary tree because it does not s ... after Fröbisch and Reisz, 2008: References Amphibamids Dissorophidae Permian temnospondyls of Europe Permian Germany Fossil taxa described in 2008 Prehistoric amphibian genera {{Temnospondyli-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Eoscopus
''Eoscopus'' is an extinct genus of dissorophoidean euskelian temnospondyl in the family Micropholidae. It is known from Hamilton Quarry, a Late Carboniferous lagerstätte A Fossil-Lagerstätte (, from ''Lager'' 'storage, lair' '' Stätte'' 'place'; plural ''Lagerstätten'') is a sedimentary deposit that preserves an exceptionally high amount of palaeontological information. ''Konzentrat-Lagerstätten'' preserv ... near Hamilton, Kansas. Members of Micropholidae were historically included in Amphibamidae, but Schoch (2019) recovered Amphibamidae as paraphyletic, necessitating resurrection of Micropholidae for ''Micropholis'' and closely related taxa. See also * Prehistoric amphibian * List of prehistoric amphibians References Amphibamids Dissorophidae Prehistoric amphibian genera Carboniferous amphibians of North America Fossil taxa described in 1994 {{temnospondyli-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Micropholidae
The Micropholidae are an extinct family of dissorophoid temnospondyls known from Late Carboniferous to Early Triassic The Early Triassic is the first of three epochs of the Triassic Period of the geologic timescale. It spans the time between 251.9 Ma and Ma (million years ago). Rocks from this epoch are collectively known as the Lower Triassic Series, which ... strata in the United States and South Africa. Systematics Members of Micropholidae were historically included in Amphibamidae, but Schoch (2019) recovered Amphibamidae as paraphyletic, necessitating resurrection of Micropholidae for ''Micropholis'' and closely related taxa.Rainer R. Schoch (2018). The putative lissamphibian stem-group: phylogeny and evolution of the dissorophoid temnospondyls. Journal of Paleontology. Online edition. doi:10.1017/jpa.2018.67. References {{Taxonbar, from=Q21228222 Amphibamids Temnospondyl families Permian temnospondyls Carboniferous temnospondyls Carboniferous amphibians ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Olsoniformes
Olsoniformes is an extinct clade of dissorophoid temnospondyls, including the families Dissorophidae and Trematopidae. Most members of the clade were highly adapted to a terrestrial lifestyle. The clade was named in 2008 and is defined as the least inclusive clade containing '' Dissorophus multicinctus'' (a dissorophid) and '' Acheloma cumminsi'' (a trematopid) but not '' Amphibamus grandiceps, Micromelerpeton credneri,'' or '' Apateon pedestris''. Olsoniforms share various features such as a stout and low ilium and a thin cultriform process. The earliest-branching olsoniform is '' Palodromeus bairdi'', from the Late Carboniferous of Ohio. Trematopids are known from the Late Carboniferous and the Early Permian of Europe and across much of North America, while dissorophids are primarily found in Early Permian deposits in the central United States The United States of America (USA), also known as the United States (U.S.) or America, is a country primarily located in North ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Doleserpeton
''Doleserpeton'' is an extinct, monospecific genus of dissorophoidean temnospondyl within the family (biology), family Amphibamidae that lived during the Upper Permian, 285 million years ago. ''Doleserpeton'' is represented by a single species, ''Doleserpeton annectens'', which was first described by John R. Bolt in 1969.Sigurdsen, Trond, and John R. Bolt. "The Lower Permian Amphibamid Doleserpeton (temnospondyli: Dissorophoidea), the Interrelationships of Amphibamids, and the Origin of Modern Amphibians." Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology. 30.5 (2010): 1360-1377. Print. Fossil evidence of ''Doleserpeton'' was recovered from the Dolese Brothers Limestone Quarry in Fort Sill, Oklahoma. The genus name ''Doleserpeton'' is derived from the initial discovery site in Dolese quarry of Oklahoma and the Greek root "herp-", meaning "low or close to the ground". This transitional fossil displays primitive traits of amphibians that allowed for successful adaptation from aquatic to terrestrial ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
