|
Dani Languages
The Dani or Baliem Valley languages are a family of clearly related Trans–New Guinea languages spoken by the Dani and related peoples in the Baliem Valley in the Highland Papua Highland Papua () is a provinces of Indonesia, province of Indonesia, which roughly follows the borders of the Papuan customary region of Lano-Pago (often shortened to La Pago). It covers an area of and had a population of 1,467,050 according to ..., Indonesia. Foley (2003) considers their Trans–New Guinea language group status to be established. They may be most closely related to the languages of Paniai Lakes, but this is not yet clear. Capell (1962) posited that their closest relatives were the Kwerba languages, which Ross (2005) rejects. Languages Larson (1977) divided the family into three branches based on lexicostatistics, and Nggem was later added as a fourth. The Ngalik languages are very poorly attested. * Dani family ** Wano ** Nggem ** Central Dani: *** Grand Valley Dani (upper ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Baliem Valley
The Baliem Valley (; also spelled Balim and sometimes known as the Grand Valley) is a valley of the Central Highlands in Western New Guinea, specifically in the province of Highland Papua, Indonesia. The main town in the valley is Wamena, which lies on the Baliem River. The valley is about 80 km in length by 20 km in width and lies at an altitude of about , with a population of over 200,000. The discovery of the Baliem Valley to the Western world and the unexpected presence of its large agricultural population was made by Richard Archbold’s third zoological expedition to New Guinea in 1938. On 21 June an aerial reconnaissance flight southwards from Hollandia (now Jayapura) found what the expedition called the "Grand Valley". Flights in later weeks described fenced villages of 3-50 houses, farm fields and drainage ditches. They landed on Lake Habbema 15 miles west. Teams of Dutch soldiers and Dayak people recruited from Borneo collected flora and fauna in the Baliem ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Grand Valley Dani Language
Grand Valley Dani, or simply Dani, is one of the most populous Papuan languages in Indonesian New Guinea (also known as Papua). The Dani people live in the Baliem Valley of the Western Highlands. Dialects Dialectical differentiation is great enough that ''Ethnologue'' assigns separate codes to three varieties: * Lower * Mid or Central, also known as Tulem * Upper Lower Grand Valley Dani contains subdialects Lower Grand Valley Hitigima (Dani-Kurima, Kurima), Upper Bele, Lower Bele, Lower Kimbin (Kibin), and Upper Pyramid. Hupla, traditionally considered a separate language, is closer to Lower Grand Valley than the varieties of Grand Valley Dani are to each other. Phonology Grand Valley Dani has established its own orthography during a conference between linguists of the Dutch New Guinea government and different missionary bodies in February 1961. This is the phonology of the Central Grand Valley Dani language: Consonants Unlike other orthographies of local languages in Ind ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ngalik Language
The Dani or Baliem Valley languages are a family of clearly related Trans–New Guinea languages spoken by the Dani and related peoples in the Baliem Valley in the Highland Papua, Indonesia. Foley (2003) considers their Trans–New Guinea language group status to be established. They may be most closely related to the languages of Paniai Lakes, but this is not yet clear. Capell (1962) posited that their closest relatives were the Kwerba languages, which Ross (2005) rejects. Languages Larson (1977) divided the family into three branches based on lexicostatistics, and Nggem was later added as a fourth. The Ngalik languages are very poorly attested. * Dani family ** Wano ** Nggem ** Central Dani: *** Grand Valley Dani (upper, lower, and mid dialects) *** Hupla *** Western Dani– Walak ** Ngalik: *** Nduga *** Silimo *** Yali (dialect cluster) Phonemes Usher (2020) reconstructs the consonant inventory as follows. This is identical to the reconstruction of Bromley (1966-1 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Yali Language
Yali (Yaly, Jalè, Jaly) is a Papuan language of Indonesian New Guinea. The Yali people live east of the Baliem Valley The Baliem Valley (; also spelled Balim and sometimes known as the Grand Valley) is a valley of the Central Highlands in Western New Guinea, specifically in the province of Highland Papua, Indonesia. The main town in the valley is Wamena, which ..., in the Western Highlands. Dialectical differentiation is great enough that ''Ethnologue'' assigns separate codes to three varieties: *Pass Valley, also known as Abenaho, North Ngalik, and Western Yali; subdialects are Pass Valley, Landikma, Apahapsili. *Ninia, also known as North Ngalik and Southern Yali (Yali Selatan). *Angguruk, also known as Northern Yali. However, almost nothing is known of this language. Not even the pronouns were attested for Ross (2005) to base a classification on. Siegfried Zoellner, a German missionary, has between 1960 and 1973 translated the bible into the Yali language. Phonology Th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Silimo Language
Silimo, also Wulik or ''South Ngalik'', is a Papuan language The Papuan languages are the non-Austronesian languages spoken on the western Pacific island of New Guinea, as well as neighbouring islands in Indonesia, Solomon Islands, and East Timor. It is a strictly geographical grouping, and does not imply a ... of the Indonesian New Guinea Highlands. References Dani languages {{papuan-lang-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nduga Language
Nduga is a Papuan language of the Indonesian New Guinea Highlands province of Highland Papua Highland Papua () is a provinces of Indonesia, province of Indonesia, which roughly follows the borders of the Papuan customary region of Lano-Pago (often shortened to La Pago). It covers an area of and had a population of 1,467,050 according to .... References Dani languages Languages of Western New Guinea {{papuan-lang-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Walak Language
Walak is a Papuan language spoken in the Indonesian province of Highland Papua Highland Papua () is a provinces of Indonesia, province of Indonesia, which roughly follows the borders of the Papuan customary region of Lano-Pago (often shortened to La Pago). It covers an area of and had a population of 1,467,050 according to .... References Dani languages {{papuan-lang-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Western Dani Language
Western Dani, or Lani, is a Nuclear-Trans-New Guinea language. It is the Papuan language with the most speakers in Indonesian New Guinea. It is spoken by the Lani people in the province of Highland Papua. The Baliem Valley tribes are called ''Oeringoep'' and ''Timorini'' in literature from the 1920s, but those names are no longer used. Phonology Consonants The consonant phoneme inventory of Western Dani has been described as follows: At the beginning of words, oral stops have aspirated allophones In phonology, an allophone (; from the Greek , , 'other' and , , 'voice, sound') is one of multiple possible spoken soundsor '' phones''used to pronounce a single phoneme in a particular language. For example, in English, the voiceless plosi ... ʰ, tʰ, kʰ, kʷʰ intervocalically, voiceless /p t k / have voiced allophones d ~ ɾ ɣ ~ ʁ for instance following the prefix no-/na- meaning "my". An intervocalic /ɣ/ is pronounced as , and a /ɹ/ before a high vowe ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hupla Language
Hupla (also Hubla) is a Papuan language of the Indonesian province of Highland Papua, spoken by the of Yahukimo Regency Yahukimo Regency is one of the regencies (''kabupaten'') in the Indonesian province of Highland Papua. It covers an area of 17,152 km2, and had a population of 164,512 at the 2010 Census,Biro Pusat Statistik, Jakarta, 2011. but this figure more t .... It is similar to Lower Grand Valley Dani. The Bible has been translated into the Hupla language. References Dani languages {{papuan-lang-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nggem Language
Nggem is a Papuan language spoken in the Indonesian province of Highland Papua by the Nggem people. Name Nggem refers both to the language as well as the people, used as both an endonym by the people themselves and as an exonym by neighbouring tribes. The language's name comes from the noun , referring to a grass skirt covering the buttocks and pubic area, the style of dress formerly worn by Nggem women. Nggem people refer to other language groups by the name of the style of women's traditional clothing; for example, "string skirt" refers to the Dani people. In the neighbouring Western Dani language, is a derogatory term meaning "thief". Phonology Consonants The following table shows Nggem's consonantal phonemes: Vowels The following table shows Nggem's vowel phonemes A phoneme () is any set of similar speech sounds that are perceptually regarded by the speakers of a language as a single basic sound—a smallest possible phonetic unit—th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Highland Papua
Highland Papua () is a provinces of Indonesia, province of Indonesia, which roughly follows the borders of the Papuan customary region of Lano-Pago (often shortened to La Pago). It covers an area of and had a population of 1,467,050 according to the official estimates as at mid 2024 (comprising 783,220 males and 683,830 females).Badan Pusat Statistik, Jakarta, 28 February 2025, ''Provinsi Papua Pegunungan Dalam Angka 2025'' (Katalog-BPS 1102001.95) Formally established on 25 July 2022 from the central and mountainous former part of the province of Papua (province), Papua, it is located on the New Guinea Highlands, central highlands of Western New Guinea, where it is the first and only landlocked province in Indonesia. The capital of Highland Papua is in Jayawijaya Regency, in Hubikosi District. The legal provision for the province's establishment was approved by the People's Representative Council on 30 June 2022, with the bill signed into Law No. 16/2022 by President Joko Widodo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
