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Cruise-O-Matic
Ford-O-Matic was the first automatic transmission widely used by Ford Motor Company. It was designed by the Warner Gear division of Borg Warner Corporation and introduced in 1951 model year cars, and was called the Merc-O-Matic when installed in Mercury branded cars and Turbo-Drive when installed in Lincoln branded cars. In contrast to Detroit Gear Division's three band automatic originally designed for Studebaker which became superseded by this unit, a variation of Warner Gear's three-speed unit named Ford-O-Matic continued to evolve later into Cruise-O-Matic named transmissions in 1958 and finally the FMX named transmissions in 1968. This line continued in production until 1980, when the AOD was introduced. Like Ford, variations of this same Borg Warner design were used by other automobile manufacturers as well, such as AMC, International Harvester, Studebaker, Volvo and Jaguar, each of them having the necessary unique adaptations required for the individual applications. For ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ford C6 Transmission
The Ford C6 is a heavy-duty automatic transmission built by Ford Motor Company between 1966 and 2004. It was marketed as the "SelectShift Cruise-O-Matic." Compared to its predecessor MX transmission, the C6 offered lower weight, less complexity, less parasitic power loss, and greater torque capacity for larger engines. It did this without exceeding the packaging dimensions of the MX. These design goals were in line with those of the C4 for smaller engines. It was given the name "SelectShift" because if the transmission was placed in first or second gear, the transmission would use only the gear selected (i.e. would immediately activate that gear rather than initiating a sequence of shifts to arrive at it), whether from a standing stop or in motion. This was very helpful when driving in limited traction situations, where the torque of the engine would gradually move the vehicle, or if engine braking was needed on a downward incline. Once the transmission was placed in third, all ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
List Of Ford Transmissions
The Ford Motor Company is an American car manufacturing company. It manufactures its own automobile transmissions and only purchases from suppliers in individual cases. They may be used in passenger cars and SUVs, or light commercial vehicles such as vans and light trucks. Basically there are two types of motor vehicle transmissions: * Manual – the driver has to perform each gear change using a manually operated clutch * Automatic – once placed in drive (or any other 'automatic' selector position), it automatically selects the gear ratio dependent on engine speed and load Basically there are two types of engine installation: * In the longitudinal direction, the gearbox is usually designed separately from the final drive (including the differential). The transaxle configuration combines the gearbox and final drive in one housing and is only built in individual cases * In the transverse direction, the gearbox and final drive are very often combined in one housing du ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
BorgWarner
BorgWarner Inc. is an American automotive and Electric vehicle, e-mobility supplier headquartered in Auburn Hills, Michigan. As of 2023, the company maintains production facilities and sites at 92 locations in 24 countries, and generates revenues of US$14.2 billion, while employing around 39,900 people. The company is one of the 25 List of the largest automotive suppliers, largest automotive suppliers in the world. History Early history Borg-Warner Corporation was formed out of several disparate manufacturers in the United States and abroad in 1928: Morse Equalizing Spring Company (industrial producer of Timing chain, automotive timing chains), Borg & Beck, Marvel-Schebler, Long Manufacturing (manufacturer of Radiator (engine cooling), automobile radiators), Warner Gear (producer of manual Transmission (mechanical device), transmissions) and Mechanics Universal Joint (producer of transmissions). Morse Equalizing Spring Company was the oldest forerunner, founded in 1880. 19 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ravigneaux Planetary Gearset
The Ravigneaux gearset is a double planetary gear set, invented by Pol Ravigneaux, who filed a patent application on July 28, 1949, in Neuilly-sur-Seine France. This planetary gear set, commonly used in automatic transmissions, is constructed from two gear pairs, ring–planet and planet–planet. The gearset provides four forward gear ratios and reverse by braking or restraining various elements of the mechanism. The Ravigneaux set has two sun gears, a large sun and a small sun, and a single planet carrier, holding two sets of planetary gears, inner planets and outer planets. The carrier is one sub-assembly but has two radii to couple with the inner and outer planets, respectively. The two sets of planet gears rotate independently of the carrier but co-rotate with a fixed gear ratio with respect to each other. The inner planets couple with the small sun gear and co-rotate at a fixed gear ratio with respect to it. The outer planets couple with the large sun gear and co-rotates wit ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
GAZ-21
The GAZ M21 Volga is an automobile produced in the Soviet Union by GAZ (Gorkovsky Avtomobilniy Zavod, in English "Gorky automobile factory") from 1956 to 1970. The first car to carry the Volga name, it was developed in the early 1950s. Volgas were built with high ground clearance (which gives it a specific "high" look, contrary to "low-long-sleek" look of Western cars of similar design), rugged suspension, strong and forgiving engine, and rustproofing on a scale unheard of in the 1950s. The Volga was stylistically in line with the major American manufacturers of the period in which it was introduced, and incorporated such then-luxury features as the reclining front seat, cigarette lighter, heater, windshield washer and three-wave radio. The GAZ M-21 Volga became the biggest and most luxurious car officially sold to individual owners in the USSR in large quantities; though its very high price made it unavailable for most car buyers, 639,478 cars were produced in total. The t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ford Motor Company
Ford Motor Company (commonly known as Ford) is an American multinational corporation, multinational automobile manufacturer headquartered in Dearborn, Michigan, United States. It was founded by Henry Ford and incorporated on June 16, 1903. The company sells automobiles and commercial vehicles under the List of Ford vehicles, Ford brand, and luxury cars under its Lincoln Motor Company, Lincoln brand. The company is listed on the New York Stock Exchange under the single-letter ticker symbol F and is controlled by the Ford family (Michigan), Ford family. They have minority ownership but a plurality of the voting power. Ford introduced methods for large-scale manufacturing of cars and large-scale management of an industrial workforce using elaborately engineered manufacturing sequences typified by moving assembly lines. By 1914, these methods were known around the world as Fordism. Ford's former British subsidiaries Jaguar Cars, Jaguar and Land Rover, acquired in 1989 and 2000, r ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Soviet Union
The Union of Soviet Socialist Republics. (USSR), commonly known as the Soviet Union, was a List of former transcontinental countries#Since 1700, transcontinental country that spanned much of Eurasia from 1922 until Dissolution of the Soviet Union, it dissolved in 1991. During its existence, it was the list of countries and dependencies by area, largest country by area, extending across Time in Russia, eleven time zones and sharing Geography of the Soviet Union#Borders and neighbors, borders with twelve countries, and the List of countries and dependencies by population, third-most populous country. An overall successor to the Russian Empire, it was nominally organized as a federal union of Republics of the Soviet Union, national republics, the largest and most populous of which was the Russian SFSR. In practice, Government of the Soviet Union, its government and Economy of the Soviet Union, economy were Soviet-type economic planning, highly centralized. As a one-party state go ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ford Transmissions
Ford commonly refers to: * Ford Motor Company, an automobile manufacturer founded by Henry Ford * Ford (crossing), a shallow crossing on a river Ford may also refer to: Ford Motor Company * Henry Ford, founder of the Ford Motor Company * Ford Foundation, established by Henry and Edsel * Ford Australia * Ford Brasil * Changan Ford * Ford Motor Company of Canada, Canadian subsidiary * Ford of Britain * Ford of Europe, the successor of British, German and Irish subsidiaries * Ford Germany * Ford India * Ford Lio Ho * Ford New Zealand * Ford Motor Company Philippines * Ford Romania * Ford SAF, the French subsidiary between 1916 and 1954 * Ford Motor Company of South Africa * Fordson, the tractor and truck manufacturing arm of the Ford Motor Company * Ford Vietnam * Ford World Rally Team (aka Ford Motor Co. Team prior to 2005), Ford Motor Company's full factory World Rally Championship team (1978–2012) * Ford Performance * Henry Ford & Son Ltd, Ireland * List of Ford vehicles, mo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
GAZ-14
The GAZ-14 Chaika''ГАЗ-14 «Чайка». Руководство по ремонту.'' Avtoexport. Moscow around 1988. is an automobile manufactured by the Gorkovsky Avtomobilny Zavod (GAZ, Gorky Automobile Plant) from 1977 to 1988 as a generation of its Chaika marque. History The vintage 1950s-style GAZ-13 was succeeded by the more modern ''GAZ-14 Chaika'' introduced in 1977 (although production of both versions overlapped by several years). Although visually modern and fitted with the latest electronic luxury features, the GAZ-14 was in fact built around the drivetrain and undercarriage of the older model. The GAZ-14 engine was a modernized equipped with twin four-barrel carburetors and achieved SAE gross. A seven-seater, with special soundproofing, it measured long overall and weighed in at . Thompson, pp. 211-212 A four-door convertible, the GAZ-14-05, appeared in 1982. Thompson, p. 305 The GAZ-14 Chaika remained in production from 14 October 1977 to 1988, when the Cha ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ninth Chief Directorate
The Ninth Chief Directorate (also nicknamed ''Devyatka'' () of the KGB was the organization responsible for providing bodyguard services to the principal Communist Party of the Soviet Union (CPSU) leaders (and their families) and major Soviet government facilities (including nuclear-weapons stocks). The directorate consisted of 40,000 uniformed troops. It operated the Moscow VIP subway system, and the secure government telephone system linking high-level government and CPSU officers. In mid-1992 the KGB's Ninth Directorate became the Main Guard Directorate (''Glavnoye upravleniye okhraneniya'', GUO) and in 1996 it was re-organized to the Federal Protective Service of Russia. History The Ninth Directorate of the KGB of the USSR was established by the decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of March 18, 1954. The 9th Directorate of the KGB under the Council of Ministers of the USSR was tasked with protecting the leaders of the party and government. The Directorate was respo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Q-car
A sleeper (American English) or Q-car (British English) is a car that boasts high performance while having an unassuming exterior. Sleepers are usually developed on the platform of a non-athletic class of vehicle, most often that of an economy car. The American name for this type of vehicle comes from the term sleeper agent, whereas the British name is derived from the Q-ships used by the Royal Navy. The British term has been in use since the aftermath of World War II. In the February 1963 issue of ''Motor Sport'' magazine, British journalist Bill Boddy states: "the modifications carried out by Lotus have turned the Lotus Cortina into a 'Q' car par excellence" in a highlight of the high-performance Cortina's unassuming exterior. Likewise, in the 1956 British film '' The Long Arm'' (known as ''The Third Key'' in the United States), the term is used in reference to unmarked police cars patrolling the city of London by night, indicating that it was in use among British law en ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
GAZ-M20 Pobeda
The GAZ-M20 "Pobeda" (; ''победа'' means ''victory'') is a passenger car produced in the Soviet Union by GAZ from 1946 until 1958. It was also licensed to the Poland, Polish Fabryka Samochodów Osobowych, Passenger Automobile Factory and produced there as the FSO Warszawa. Although usually known as the GAZ-M20, an original car's designation at that time was just M-20: M for "Molotovets" (the GAZ factory was named after Vyacheslav Molotov). History The first sketches of similar-looking cars were completed by Valentin Brodsky in 1938 and by Vladimir Aryamov in 1940, which revealed a growing tendency towards streamlined car design in the Soviet Union. Aryamov's two-door coupe GAZ-11-80, designed in 1940, greatly resembled the later Pobeda and was in many ways identical to it. However, after the Operation Barbarossa, German invasion of 1941 military priorities delayed the work on the new car and the factory was switched to military production. The first Pobeda was developed in th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
