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Crown Corporation
Crown corporation () is the term used in Canada for organizations that are structured like private companies, but are directly and wholly owned by the government. Crown corporations have a long-standing presence in the country, and have a significant economic impact, with commercial operations equivalent to 7% of Canadian GDP. Crown corporations are created to advance government policy objectives. Often they provide services to the public that are not economically viable for a private enterprise, or that do not fit exactly within the scope of any ministry. They represent a form of state-owned enterprise. Crown corporations are established by an Act of Parliament, act of parliament or an act of a provincial legislature. Federal government Crowns report to the relevant Minister of the Crown, minister in Cabinet of Canada, Cabinet, though they are "shielded from constant government intervention and legislative oversight" and thus "generally enjoy greater freedom from direct pol ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Private Enterprise
A privately held company (or simply a private company) is a company whose Stock, shares and related rights or obligations are not offered for public subscription or publicly negotiated in their respective listed markets. Instead, the Private equity, company's stock is offered, owned, traded or exchanged privately, also known as "over-the-counter (finance), over-the-counter". Related terms are unlisted organisation, unquoted company and private equity. Private companies are often less well-known than their public company, publicly traded counterparts but still have major importance in the world's economy. For example, in 2008, the 441 list of largest private non-governmental companies by revenue, largest private companies in the United States accounted for $1.8 trillion in revenues and employed 6.2 million people, according to ''Forbes''. In general, all companies that are not owned by the government are classified as private enterprises. This definition encompasses both publ ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hydro-Québec
Hydro-Québec () is a Canadian Crown corporations of Canada#Quebec, Crown corporation public utility headquartered in Montreal, Quebec. It manages the electricity generation, generation, electric power transmission, transmission and electricity distribution, distribution of electricity in Quebec, as well as the export of power to portions of the Northeast United States. More than 40 percent of Canada’s water resources are in Quebec and Hydro-Québec is among the largest hydropower producer in the world. It was established as a Crown corporation by the government of Quebec in 1944 from the expropriation of private firms. This was followed by massive investment in hydro-electric projects like the James Bay Project. Today, with 63 hydroelectricity, hydroelectric power stations, the combined output capacity is 37,370 megawatts. Extra power is exported from the province and Hydro-Québec supplies 10 per cent of New England's power requirements. The company logo, a stylized "Q" fash ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Margaret Thatcher
Margaret Hilda Thatcher, Baroness Thatcher (; 13 October 19258 April 2013), was a British stateswoman who served as Prime Minister of the United Kingdom from 1979 to 1990 and Leader of the Conservative Party (UK), Leader of the Conservative Party from 1975 to 1990. She was the List of prime ministers of the United Kingdom by length of tenure, longest-serving British prime minister of the 20th century and the first woman to hold the position. As prime minister, she implemented policies that came to be known as Thatcherism. A Soviet journalist dubbed her the "Iron Lady", a nickname that became associated with her uncompromising politics and leadership style. Thatcher studied chemistry at Somerville College, Oxford, and worked briefly as a research chemist before becoming a Barristers in England and Wales, barrister. She was List of MPs elected in the 1959 United Kingdom general election, elected Member of Parliament for Finchley (UK Parliament constituency), Finc ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Post Office Department (Canada)
Canada Post Corporation (, trading as Canada Post (), is a Canadian Crown corporation that functions as the primary Postal administration, postal operator in Canada. Originally known as Royal Mail Canada (the operating name of the Post Office Department of the Canadian government founded in 1867), the ''Canada Post Corporation Act'' of 1981 abolished the Post Office Department and created the present-day Crown corporation that provides postal service. The act aimed to set a new direction for the postal service by ensuring its financial security and independence. Canada Post provided service to more than 16 million addresses and delivered nearly 8.4 billion items in 2022 and consolidated revenue from operations reached $11.11 billion. Delivery takes place via traditional "to the door" service and centralized delivery by 25,000 letter carriers, through a 13,000 vehicle fleet. There are more than 6,200 post offices across the country, a combination of corporate offices and private ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Petro-Canada
Petro-Canada (colloquially known as Petro-Can) is a retail and wholesale marketing brand subsidiary of Suncor Energy. Until 1991, it was a federal Crown corporation (a state-owned enterprise). In August 2009, Petro-Canada merged with Suncor Energy, with Suncor shareholders receiving approximately 60 percent ownership of the combined company and Petro-Canada shareholders receiving approximately 40 percent. The company retained the Suncor Energy name for the merged corporation and its upstream operations. It continues to use the Petro-Canada name nationwide. History Founding In 1973, world oil prices quadrupled due to the Arab oil embargo following the Yom Kippur War. The province of Alberta had substantial oil reserves, whose extraction had long been controlled by American corporations. The government of Canada Prime Minister Pierre Trudeau and the opposition New Democratic Party felt that these corporations geared most of their production to the American market, and as ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Export Development Canada
Export Development Canada (EDC; ) is Canada's export credit agency and a Crown corporation wholly owned by the Government of Canada. Its mandate is to support and develop trade between Canada and other countries, and help Canada's competitiveness in the international marketplace. EDC products and services include trade credit insurance, export financing for Canadian companies and for their foreign customers, equity investments, bonding products, international market expertise, as well as information on opportunities in international markets. EDC was founded in 1944. Its corporate headquarters is located in Ottawa, Ontario, and it has 21 regional offices across Canada and permanent representations in 21 cities in 15 foreign markets. EDC also owns FinDev Canada, the governmental development bank set up in 2018. History Founding (1944-2017) In 1944, the ''Export Credits Insurance Act'' was proclaimed. Export Credit Insurance Corporation (ECIC) was created following WWII to help ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Business Development Bank Of Canada
The Business Development Bank of Canada (BDC; ) is a Crown corporations of Canada, Crown corporation and national development bank wholly owned by the Government of Canada, mandated to help create and develop Canadian businesses through financing, growth and transition capital, venture capital and advisory services, with a focus on small and medium-sized enterprises. Founded in 1944, its corporate headquarters is located in Montreal and it has more than 123 business centres working with 60,000 clients.BDC Annual Report, 2017 Retrieved 2018-01-23 BDC's debt obligations, secured by the Government of Canada, are issued to public sector, public and private sector institutions. History The bank was established by an Act of Parliament as the Industrial Development Bank ( ...[...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Farm Credit Corporation
Farm Credit Canada (FCC, ; known as Farm Credit Corporation until 2001) is a Canadian Crown corporation and agricultural term lender. This organization's purpose is to enhance rural Canada by providing specialized and personalized financial services to farming operations, including family farms. Although once exclusively a farm lender, FCC is now also organized to provide funding to enterprises that are closely related or dependent on farming. Its small and medium business focus is shown by its average loan disbursement of $163,649 (). History and governance FCC was established on November 12 1936, under the ''Farm Credit Act'', at that time solely to provide loans to farmers. It succeeded the Canadian Farm Loan Board, which had been in operation since 1929. On April 2, 1993, Parliament passed the ''Farm Credit Corporation Act'' which then allowed the organization to expand beyond straightforward farm loans – to finance on-farm diversification projects and value-added agric ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bank Of Canada
The Bank of Canada (BoC; ) is a Crown corporations of Canada, Crown corporation and Canada's central bank. Chartered in 1934 under the ''Bank of Canada Act'', it is responsible for formulating Canada's monetary policy,OECD. OECD Economic Surveys: Canada 2000'. OECD Publishing; 30 August 2000. . p. 45–. and for the promotion of a safe and sound financial system within Canada.Financial Stability and Central Banks: A Global Perspective'. Routledge; November 2002. . p. 41–. The Bank of Canada is the sole issuing authority of Canadian banknotes,Gene Swimmer. How Ottawa Spends, 1996-97: Life Under the Knife'. MQUP; 15 May 1996. . p. 379–. provides banking services and money management for the government, and loans money to Canadian financial institutions. The contract to produce the banknotes has been held by the Canadian Bank Note Company since 1935. The Bank of Canada headquarters are located at the Bank of Canada Building, 234 Wellington Street in Ottawa, Ontario. The buildi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Canadian National Railway Company
The Canadian National Railway Company () is a Canadian Class I railroad, Class I freight railway headquartered in Montreal, Quebec, which serves Canada and the Midwestern United States, Midwestern and Southern United States. CN is Canada's largest railway, in terms of both revenue and the physical size of its rail network, spanning Canada from the Atlantic coast in Nova Scotia to the Pacific coast in British Columbia across approximately of track. In the late 20th century, CN gained extensive capacity in the United States by taking over such railroads as the Illinois Central Railroad, Illinois Central. CN is a public company with 24,671 employees and, , a Market capitalization, market cap of approximately US$75 billion. CN was government-owned, as a Crown corporations of Canada, Canadian Crown corporation, from its founding in 1919 until being privatized in 1995. , Bill Gates was the largest single shareholder of CN stock, owning a 14.2% interest through Cascade Investm ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Province Of Canada
The Province of Canada (or the United Province of Canada or the United Canadas) was a British colony in British North America from 1841 to 1867. Its formation reflected recommendations made by John Lambton, 1st Earl of Durham, in the Report on the Affairs of British North America following the Rebellions of 1837–1838. The Act of Union 1840, passed on 23 July 1840 by the British Parliament and proclaimed by the Monarchy of the United Kingdom, Crown on 10 February 1841, merged the Colonies of Upper Canada and Lower Canada by abolishing their separate parliaments and replacing them with a Parliament of the Province of Canada, single one with two houses, a Legislative Council of the Province of Canada, Legislative Council as the upper chamber and the Legislative Assembly of the Province of Canada, Legislative Assembly as the lower chamber. In the aftermath of the Rebellions of 1837–1838, unification of the two Canadas was driven by two factors. Firstly, Upper Canada was near ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
