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Coup D'état Of May Seventeenth
The Coup d'état of May Seventeenth () was a military coup d'état staged by General Chun Doo-hwan on 17 May 1980 against the civilian government of President Choi Kyu-hah in South Korea. On May 17, 1980, Chun forced the Cabinet to extend martial law to the whole nation, which had previously not applied to Jeju Province. The expanded martial law closed universities, banned political activities and further curtailed the press. To enforce the martial law, troops were dispatched to various parts of the nation. On the same day, the Korean Central Intelligence Agency (KCIA) raided a national conference of student union leaders from 55 universities. About 2,700 people, including 26 politicians, were also arrested. On May 18, 1980, citizens of Gwangju rose up against Chun's military dictatorship and took control of the city. In the course of the 9-day uprising, citizens took up arms to defend themselves but were ultimately violently crushed by the army. In June 1980, Chun ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Seoul
Seoul, officially Seoul Special Metropolitan City, is the capital city, capital and largest city of South Korea. The broader Seoul Metropolitan Area, encompassing Seoul, Gyeonggi Province and Incheon, emerged as the world's List of cities by GDP, sixth largest metropolitan economy in 2022, trailing behind New York metropolitan area, New York, Greater Tokyo Area, Tokyo, Greater Los Angeles, Los Angeles, Paris metropolitan area, Paris, and London metropolitan area, London, and hosts more than half of South Korea's population. Although Seoul's population peaked at over 10 million, it has gradually decreased since 2014, standing at about 9.6 million residents as of 2024. Seoul is the seat of the Government of South Korea, South Korean government. Seoul's history traces back to 18 BC when it was founded by the people of Baekje, one of the Three Kingdoms of Korea. During the Joseon dynasty, Seoul was officially designated as the capital, surrounded by the Fortress Wall of Seoul. I ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
National Assembly Of Korea
The National Assembly of the Republic of Korea () is the Unicameralism, unicameral national legislature of South Korea. Legislative elections in South Korea, Elections to the National Assembly are held every four years. The latest 2024 South Korean legislative election, legislative elections were held on 10 April 2024. The current National Assembly held its first meeting, and also began its current four year term, on 30 May 2024. The current Speaker was elected 5 June 2024. The National Assembly has 300 seats, with 254 constituency seats and 46 proportional representation seats; PR seats are assigned an additional member system ''de jure'' but parallel voting ''de facto'' because the usage of decoy lists by the Democratic and People Power Parties is prevalent. The unicameral assembly consists of at least 200 members according to the Constitution of South Korea, South Korean constitution. In 1990 the assembly had 299 seats, 224 of which were directly elected from single-member di ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kim Jong-pil
Kim Jong-pil (; January 7, 1926 – June 23, 2018), also known colloquially as JP, was a South Korean politician and the founder/first director of the Korean Central Intelligence Agency (KCIA, now the National Intelligence Service (South Korea), National Intelligence Service). He served as Prime Minister of South Korea, prime minister twice, from 1971 to 1975 during the presidency of Park Chung Hee (1961–1979) and from 1998 to 2000 during the presidency of Kim Dae-jung (1998–2003). He was a nine-term National Assembly (South Korea), National Assembly member. Park Chung Hee was his uncle-in-law, as JP married Park's niece, Park Young-ok. Early life Kim Jong-pil was born in Buyeo County, South Chungcheong Province. He initially attended Seoul National University's College of Education but graduated from the Korea Military Academy (KMA) in 1949 (8th graduating class). From September 1951 to March 1952, he studied at the U.S. Infantry School at Fort Benning, Georgia. He p ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jeong Seung-hwa
Jeong Seung-hwa (; 27 February 1929 – 12 June 2002) was a South Korean general officer, and the 22nd Chief of Staff of the Republic of Korea Army. He was present at the Blue House presidential compound, site of the assassination of President Park Chung Hee, when it took place on 26 October 1979. Biography Born on 27 February 1929 in Gimcheon, Jeong Seung-hwa joined the South Korean Army as a conscript in the 17th Regiment and fought at the Battle of Pusan Perimeter. He later went to the Korea Military Academy and was commissioned as a lieutenant in the 26th Infantry Regiment in 1950, which he later commanded in the early 1960s. He then commanded a mechanized brigade and an infantry division, before being appointed as commander of II Corps in 1976. In 1978, Jeong was appointed Army Chief of Staff, the most dominant role in the South Korean military. On the evening of 26 October 1979, while Jeong was dining at the Blue House presidential compound, South Korean President Par ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Republic Of Korea Army
The Republic of Korea Army (ROKA; ), also known as the ROK Army or South Korean Army, is the army of South Korea, responsible for ground-based warfare. It is the largest of the military branches of the Republic of Korea Armed Forces with 365,000 members . This size is maintained through conscription: All able-bodied South Korean males must complete military service (18 months for the army, auxiliary police, and marines, 20 months for the navy and conscripted firefighters, 21 months for the air force and social service, and 36 months for alternative service) between the ages of 18 and 35. History The Republic of Korea Army traces its lineage back to the Gwangmu Reform, when the '' Pyŏlgigun'' was established by Emperor Gojong in 1881 during Korean Empire period. The 1st of every October is celebrated in South Korea as Armed Forces Day. It commemorates the day during the Korean War when 3rd Infantry Division of the ROK Army first crossed the 38th Parallel, thus leadin ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Usurp
A usurper is an illegitimate or controversial claimant to power, often but not always in a monarchy. In other words, one who takes the power of a country, city, or established region for oneself, without any formal or legal right to claim it as one's own. Usurpers can rise to power in a region by often unexpected physical force such as via a coup d'état, as well as through political influence and deceit. Etymology The word originally came from the Latin word ''usurpare'' (“to seize", "to take forcefully" or "to use”). Politics The Greeks had their own conception of what usurpers were, calling them tyrants. In the ancient Greek usage, a tyrant (''tyrannos''/''τύραννος'' in Greek) was an individual who rose to power via unconstitutional or illegitimate means, usually not being an heir to an existing throne. Such individuals were perceived negatively by political philosophers such as Socrates, Plato and Aristotle. Usurpers often try to legitimize their position by ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Defence Security Command
The Defense Counterintelligence Command (DCC; ) is an intelligence organization of the Republic of Korea Armed Forces. It was founded as the ''Army Counter Intelligence Corps'' (commonly known as CIC or KACIC; meaning: Special Operation Forces) on 21 October 1950. The DCC is primarily responsible for intelligence missions such as clandestine and covert operation, counterintelligence, defense industry security, forensic investigations, HUMINT, and military security The unit was reorganized into the Defense Counterintelligence Command on 1 November 2022. History The Defense Counterintelligence Command was formally activated in October 1977 under the name Military Security Command (MSC; ). This merger of the Army Security Command, the Navy Security Unit, and the Air Force Office of Special Investigations produced a single, integrated unit under the direct command and operational control of the minister of national defense. Chun Doo-hwan became chief of the Defense Security Command ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kim Dae-jung
Kim Dae-jung (, ; 6 January 192418 August 2009) was a South Korean politician, activist and statesman who served as the eighth president of South Korea from 1998 to 2003. Kim entered politics as a member of the new wing of the Democratic Party. He was an opposition politician who carried out a democratization movement against the military dictatorship from the Third Republic in the 1960s to the Fifth Republic in the 1980s. He ran unsuccessfully in presidential elections in 1971 South Korean presidential election, 1971, 1987 South Korean presidential election, 1987, and 1992 South Korean presidential election, 1992. In the country's 15th presidential election in 1997 South Korean presidential election, 1997, he defeated Grand National Party candidate Lee Hoi-chang through an alliance with Kim Jong-pil and DJP. Kim was the first opposition candidate to win the presidency. At the time of his inauguration in 1998, he was 74 years old, making him the oldest president in Korean his ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fourth Republic Of Korea
The Fourth Republic of Korea () was the government of South Korea from November 1972 to February 1981. The Fourth Republic was founded on the approval of the Yushin Constitution in the 1972 South Korean constitutional referendum, 1972 constitutional referendum, codifying the ''de facto'' dictatorial powers held by President Park Chung Hee, and succeeding the Third Republic of Korea, Third Republic. Park and his Democratic Republican Party (South Korea), Democratic Republican Party ruled under the centralized and authoritarian Yushin System until the assassination of Park Chung Hee, assassination of Park on 26 October 1979. The Fourth Republic entered a period of political instability under Park's successor, Choi Kyu-hah, and the escalating martial law declared after Park's death. Choi was unofficially overthrown by Chun Doo-hwan in the coup d'état of December Twelfth in December 1979, and began the armed suppression of the Gwangju Uprising against martial law. Chun launched the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Seoul Spring
The Seoul Spring () was a period of democratization in South Korea from 26 October 1979 to 17 May 1980. This expression was derived from the Prague Spring of Czechoslovakia in 1968. On the night of 26 October 1979, President Park Chung Hee was assassinated by Kim Jae-gyu, the director of the Korean Central Intelligence Agency (KCIA) and his own security chief. Bringing an end to 18 years under Park's dictatorship, it signaled the possibility for constitutional reform and democratization movements started to call for an end to the Yushin Constitution. Immediately after his death became public, Choi Kyu-hah, then Prime Minister, became acting president under ''Article 48'' of the Yushin Constitution. He declared martial law, with the exception of Jeju, and General Jeong Seung-hwa, the Army Chief of Staff, thereby became the government's chief administrator. Major General Chun Doo-hwan, chief of the Defense Security Command (DSC), was appointed the same day to lead a Joint Investig ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
National Intelligence Service (South Korea)
The National Intelligence Service (NIS; ) is the chief intelligence agency of South Korea. The agency was officially established in 1961 as the Korean Central Intelligence Agency (KCIA; ), during the rule of general Park Chung Hee's military Supreme Council for National Reconstruction, which displaced the Second Republic of Korea. The original duties of the KCIA were to supervise and coordinate both international and domestic intelligence activities and criminal investigations by all government intelligence agencies, including that of the military. The agency's broad powers allowed it to actively intervene in Politics of South Korea, politics. Agents undergo years of training and checks before they are officially inducted and receive their first assignments. The agency took on the name Agency for National Security Planning (ANSP; ) in 1981, as part of a series of reforms instituted by the Fifth Republic of Korea under President Chun Doo-hwan. Besides trying to acquire intelligen ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
