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County Of Carcassonne
The County of Carcassonne (Occitan: ''Comtat de Carcassona'') was a medieval fiefdom controlling the city of Carcassonne, France, and its environs. It was often united with the County of Razès. The origins of Carcassonne as a county probably go back to the Visigothic period in Septimania, but the first count known by name is Bello of the time of Charlemagne. Bello founded a dynasty, the Bellonids, which would rule many ''honores'' in Septimania and Catalonia for the centuries. Bello was a loyal Carolingian follower and his successor in the county were Carolingian appointees down to about the time of Oliba II, at which point the counties in the outlying regions were beginning to become hereditary possessions in the hands of locally well-endowed families. After Oliba, who ruled both Carcassonne and Razès, his patrimony was ruled jointly by his sons and grandsons. On the death of Acfred II in 933, Carcassonne passed to a woman and, by marriage, to the counts of Comminges. The c ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Occitan Language
Occitan (; ), also known by its native speakers as (; ), sometimes also referred to as Provençal, is a Romance language spoken in Southern France, Monaco, Italy's Occitan Valleys, as well as Spain's Val d'Aran in Catalonia; collectively, these regions are sometimes referred to as Occitania. It is also spoken in Calabria ( Southern Italy) in a linguistic enclave of Cosenza area (mostly Guardia Piemontese) named Gardiol, which is also considered a separate Occitanic language. Some include Catalan as a dialect of Occitan, as the linguistic distance between this language and some Occitan dialects (such as the Gascon language) is similar to the distance between different Occitan dialects. Catalan was considered a dialect of Occitan until the end of the 19th century and still today remains its closest relative. Occitan is an official language of Catalonia, Spain, where a subdialect of Gascon known as Aranese is spoken (in the Val d'Aran). Since September 2010, the Par ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Speculum (journal)
''Speculum: A Journal of Medieval Studies'' is a quarterly academic journal published by University of Chicago Press on behalf of the Medieval Academy of America. Established in 1926 by Edward Kennard Rand, it is widely regarded as the most prestigious journal in medieval studies. The journal's primary focus is on the time period from 500 to 1500 in Western Europe, but also on related subjects such as Byzantine, Hebrew, Arabic, Armenian and Slavic studies. , the editor is Katherine L. Jansen. The organization and its journal were first proposed in 1921 at a meeting of the Modern Language Association, and the journal's focus was interdisciplinary from its beginning, with one reviewer noting a specific interest in Medieval Latin Medieval Latin was the form of Literary Latin used in Roman Catholic Church, Roman Catholic Western Europe during the Middle Ages. It was also the administrative language in the former Western Roman Empire, Roman Provinces of Mauretania, Numidi .... ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Count Of Toulouse
The count of Toulouse (, ) was the ruler of Toulouse during the 8th to 13th centuries. Originating as vassals of the Frankish kings, the hereditary counts ruled the city of Toulouse and its surrounding county from the late 9th century until 1270. The counts and other family members were also at various times counts of Quercy, Rouergue, Albi, and Nîmes, and sometimes margraves (military defenders of the Holy Roman Empire) of Septimania and Provence. Count Raymond IV founded the Crusader state of Tripoli, and his descendants were also counts there. They reached the zenith of their power during the 11th and 12th centuries, but after the Albigensian Crusade the county fell to the kingdom of France, nominally in 1229 and '' de facto'' in 1271. Later the title was revived for Louis Alexandre, Count of Toulouse, a bastard of Louis XIV (1678–1737). History Carolingian era During the youth of young Louis the Pious his tutor, Torson (sometimes Chorso or Choson), ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fredelo, Count Of Toulouse
Fredelo, Fridolo, or FrigidoloFor Frigidolo look at: Flodoardi Historia Remensis ecclesiae (CAP. XX. De iis qua Ludovico fratri ejusdem Karoli scripsit.) ''Scribit et Pippino regi Aquitanico, pro rebus ecclesiae suae in pagis Arvernico, Lemovico et Pictavico sitis, pro quibus etiam litteras Karoli regis ad eumdem Pippinum mitti obtinuit, quas res Frigidoloni viro illustri tutandas commisit.'' (died 852) was the first Count of Toulouse (844–852) of the dynasty of Rouergue. Son of Fulcoald of Rouergue and Senegund, daughter of Alda, sister of William of Gellone, Fredelo was related to the families of the counts of Rouergue and Toulouse. In 840, Fulcoald died, but Fredelo was not confirmed as his successor in Rouergue. But when Bernard of Septimania was captured by Charles the Bald for rebellion against his lord and executed in 844, the king bestowed his county of Toulouse on Fredelo. Pepin II of Aquitaine, who was leading the revolt against Charles, appointed Bernard's heir Will ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Miro Of Carcassonne
Miro or Miró may refer to: Companies * Miro (collaboration platform), a collaborative online whiteboard tool * Miro Company, a French game manufacturer * Miro Technologies, a Maintenance, Repair and Overhaul (MRO) software supplier from California * Pinnacle Systems, Miro Video series of the video capture cards * Member of the Institution of Railway Operators (changed to MCIRO in October 2021) * Mineraloelraffinerie Oberrhein, the largest oil refinery in Germany People * Miro (given name) * Miró (surname) Entertainment * Miro (video software), an Internet television application * Miromusic, an electronic dance band originally from Denmark * Giardini di Mirò, an Italian rock group * "Miro", a song by the rock band Finch * Miro, a character in the ''Ender's Game'' series by Orson Scott Card * Miro (band), chill out ambient music pioneers Other uses * Miro (protein) a subfamily of ras proteins * Miro (tree), ''Prumnopitys ferruginea'', an evergreen coniferous tree endemic ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Count Of Razès
Count (feminine: countess) is a historical title of nobility in certain European countries, varying in relative status, generally of middling rank in the hierarchy of nobility.L. G. Pine, Pine, L. G. ''Titles: How the King Became His Majesty''. New York: Barnes & Noble, 1992. p. 73. . Especially in earlier medieval periods the term often implied not only a certain status, but also that the ''count'' had specific responsibilities or offices. The etymologically related English term "county" denoted the territories associated with some countships, but not all. The title of ''count'' is typically not used in England or English-speaking countries, and the term ''earl'' is used instead. A female holder of the title is still referred to as a ''countess'', however. Origin of the term The word ''count'' came into English from the French language, French ', itself from Latin '—in its Accusative case, accusative form ''comitem''. It meant "companion" or "attendant", and as a title i ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bera II Of Carcassonne
Bera may refer to: Acronyms * Bioelectric recognition assay Electrophysiology (from ee the Electron#Etymology, etymology of "electron" ; and ) is the branch of physiology that studies the electrical properties of biological cell (biology), cells and tissues. It involves measurements of voltage change ..., a method in electrophysiology * Botswana Energy Regulatory Authority, an energy regulatory body in Botswana * Brainstem evoked response audiometry, a screening test to monitor for hearing loss or deafness * Branford Electric Railway Association, a non-profit historical and educational institution in East Haven, Connecticut * British Educational Research Association, a British education research organisation People Historical * Bera (king), king of Sodom in Genesis 14 * Bera, Count of Barcelona (died 844), the first count of Barcelona Given name * Bera Ivanishvili (born 1994), Georgian musician and entrepreneur Surname * A. K. Bera, Indian banker * Ami Bera (born 1965), Ame ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bera Of Barcelona
Bera () (died 844) was the first count of Barcelona from 801 until his deposition in 820. He was also the count of Razès and Conflent from 790, and the count of Girona and Besalú from 812 (or 813 or 817) until his deposition. In 811, he was witness to the last will and testament of Charlemagne. Origins Bera's origins are mostly unknown, although it seems certain that he was a Visigoth. He may have been one of the sons of William of Gellone, Count of Toulouse and cousin of Charlemagne, although this is not supported by William's detailed will from 804. In 790, Bera was given the governorship of the counties of Razès and Conflent, possibly by William. The Counties of Roussillon (with the ''pagus'' of Vallespir) and Empúries were given to William's son Gaucelm, whose mother was Gunegunde (Cunegonde), one of William's two wives. Background and installation In 796, Sa'dun al Ruayni, the Wali of Barcelona, attempted to break his allegiance to Al-Hakam I, emir of Córdoba. In Ap ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Argila Of Carcassonne (born 1920), Spanish footballer
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Argila may refer to: * ''Argila'' (moth), a genus of moths in the subfamily Lymantriinae * ''Argila'' (1940 film), a 1940 Brazilian film * ''Argila'' (1969 film), a 1969 West German film *Argila (footballer) Fernando de Argila Pazzaglia (26 December 1920 – 8 January 2015), known as Argila, was a Spanish footballer who played as a goalkeeper. Having begun his career with Barcelona in 1940, he moved to Oviedo in 1944 where he made 247 league ap ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
William Of Gellone
William of Gellone ( 755 – 28 May 812 or 814), the medieval William of Orange, was the second Duke of Toulouse from 790 until 811. In 804, he founded the abbey of Gellone. He was canonized a saint in 1066 by Pope Alexander II."William of Aquitaine, St." Encyclopedia.com. Retrieved on 2014-01-17. In the tenth or eleventh century, a Latin hagiography, the ''Vita sancti Willelmi'', was composed. By the twelfth century, William's legend had grown. He is the hero of an entire cycle of ''chansons de geste'', the earliest of which is the ''Chanson de Guillaume'' of about 1140. In the ''chansons'', he is nicknamed ''Fierabras (nickname), Fièrebrace'' (fierce or strong arm) due to his apparent strength and the ''marquis au court nez'' (margrave with the short nose) as the result of an injur ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Count Of Barcelona
The count of Barcelona (, , , ) was the ruler of the County of Barcelona and also, by extension and according with the Usages of Barcelona, Usages and Catalan constitutions, of the Principality of Catalonia as Prince#Prince as generic for ruler, prince for much of History of Catalonia, Catalan history, from the 9th century until the 18th century. After 1164, with Alfonso II of Aragon, Alfonso II of Aragon and I of Barcelona, the title of count of Barcelona was united with that of king of Aragon, and after the 16th century, with that of king of Spain. History The Emperor Charlemagne conquered the area north of the river Ebro and Siege of Barcelona (801), captured the city of Barcelona in 801. He then organized these lands, historiographically known as the ''Marca Hispanica'', into various counties, one of which was the County of Barcelona, with the city of Barcelona as its capital. The Count of Barcelona, usually holding other counties simultaneously, eventually obtained primacy ov ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bernard Of Septimania
Bernard (or Bernat) of Septimania (795–844), son of William of Gellone and cousin of Charlemagne, was the Duke of Septimania and Count of Barcelona from 826 to 832 and again from 835 until his execution, and also Count of Carcassonne from 837. He was appointed to succeed the third Count of Barcelona, Rampó, Count of Barcelona, Rampon. During his career, Bernard was one of the closest counsellors of the Carolingian Empire, Emperor Louis the Pious, a leading proponent of the Reconquista, war against the Moors, and was an opponent of the interests of the local Visigothic nobility in Iberia. Title Bernard was indisputably a count (''comes'') of Barcelona and several other counties over the course of his long career. He also appears in the chronicles with the title duke (''dux''), though the extent to which this was a military designation is obscure. He is sometimes retrospectively referred to by historians as a margrave (''marchio''). His name and title as they appear in several pri ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
