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Counts And Dukes Of Linhares
Count of Linhares (in Portuguese ''Conde de Linhares'') was a Portuguese title of nobility created by a royal decree of king John III of Portugal dated from May 13, 1532, and granted to ''Don (honorific), Dom'' António de Noronha, Conde de Linhares, António de Noronha, 2nd son of Pedro II of Menezes, 1st Marquis of Vila Real, Pedro de Menezes, 1st Marquis of Vila Real. This family went to live in Spain and remained faithful to the Spanish Habsburgs even after the Portuguese revolution of 1 December 1640, so the new dynasty of Braganza no longer recognized them as Counts of Linhares. Later, in the 19th century, Queen Maria I of Portugal, granted again the title of count of Linhares (second creation), by a royal decree dated from December 17, 1808, to Rodrigo de Sousa Coutinho, 1st Count of Linhares Governor of Portuguese Angola, Portuguese ambassador in Turin and a remarkable statesman. List of counts of Linhares First creation (1532) #António de Noronha (1464–1551), 1st Co ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Armas Duques Linhares
The Arma people is an ethnic group of the middle Niger River valley, descended from Saadi dynasty, Moroccan invaders of the 16th century. The name, applied by other groups, derives from the word ''ar-rumah'' () 'fusiliers'.Nehemia Levtzion, N. Levtzion, "North-West Africa: from the Maghrib to the fringes of the forest" inThe Cambridge history of Africa, Volume 4 : c.1600-c.1790 Ed. Cambridge University Press (1975), pp.154-155 The Arma ethnicity is distinct from (but sometimes confused with) the 3.6 million Zarma people of western Niger, who predate the Moroccan invasion and speak the Zarma language, also a member of the Songhay languages. As of 1986, there were some 20,000 self-identified Arma in Mali, mostly around Timbuktu, the middle Niger bend and the Inner Niger Delta. Songhai expedition The Saadian invasion of the Songhai Empire, 1590 expedition sent to conquer the Songhai Empire trade routes by the Saadi dynasty of Morocco was made up of four thousand Moroccan people, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Turin
Turin ( , ; ; , then ) is a city and an important business and cultural centre in northern Italy. It is the capital city of Piedmont and of the Metropolitan City of Turin, and was the first Italian capital from 1861 to 1865. The city is mainly on the western bank of the Po (river), River Po, below its Susa Valley, and is surrounded by the western Alpine arch and Superga hill. The population of the city proper is 856,745 as of 2025, while the population of the urban area is estimated by Eurostat to be 1.7 million inhabitants. The Turin metropolitan area is estimated by the OECD to have a population of 2.2 million. The city was historically a major European political centre. From 1563, it was the capital of the Duchy of Savoy, then of the Kingdom of Sardinia (1720–1861), Kingdom of Sardinia ruled by the House of Savoy, and the first capital of the Kingdom of Italy from 1861 to 1865. Turin is sometimes called "the cradle of Italian liberty" for having been the politi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dukes Of Linhares
Duke is a male title either of a monarch ruling over a duchy, or of a member of royalty, or nobility. As rulers, dukes are ranked below emperors, kings, grand princes, grand dukes, and above sovereign princes. As royalty or nobility, they are ranked below grand dukes and above or below princes, depending on the country or specific title. The title comes from French ''duc'', itself from the Latin ''dux'', 'leader', a term used in republican Rome to refer to a military commander without an official rank (particularly one of Germanic or Celtic origin), and later coming to mean the leading military commander of a province. In most countries, the word ''duchess'' is the female equivalent. Following the reforms of the emperor Diocletian (which separated the civilian and military administrations of the Roman provinces), a ''dux'' became the military commander in each province. The title ''dux'', Hellenised to ''doux'', survived in the Eastern Roman Empire where it continued in sever ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Counts Of Linhares
Count (feminine: countess) is a historical title of nobility in certain European countries, varying in relative status, generally of middling rank in the hierarchy of nobility. Pine, L. G. ''Titles: How the King Became His Majesty''. New York: Barnes & Noble, 1992. p. 73. . Especially in earlier medieval periods the term often implied not only a certain status, but also that the ''count'' had specific responsibilities or offices. The etymologically related English term "county" denoted the territories associated with some countships, but not all. The title of ''count'' is typically not used in England or English-speaking countries, and the term ''earl'' is used instead. A female holder of the title is still referred to as a ''countess'', however. Origin of the term The word ''count'' came into English from the French ', itself from Latin '—in its accusative form ''comitem''. It meant "companion" or "attendant", and as a title it indicated that someone was delegated to re ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
List Of Countships In Portugal
This is a list of countships in Portugal (; singular ''Condado''; the title is ''Conde'', for Count, and ''Condessa'', for Countess): A * Count of Abrantes * Count of Agarez * Count of Agrolongo * Count of Águeda * Count of Aguiar * Count of Albuquerque * Count of Alcáçovas * Count of Alcântara * Count of Alcoutim * Count of Alegrete * Count of Alentém * Count of Alferrarede * Count of Algoso * Count of Alhandra * Count of Almada * Count of Almarjão * Count of Almedina * Count of Almeida * Count of Almeida Araújo * Count of Almendra * Count of Almoster * Count of Alpedrinha * Count of Alpendurada * Count of Alte * Count of Alto Mearim * Count of Alva * Count of Alvelos * Count of Alves Machado * Count of Alviela * Count of Alvito * Count of Alvor * Count of Amarante * Count of Ameal * Count of Anadia * Count of Antas * Count of Arcos * Count of Arganil * Count of Arge * Count of Ariz * Count of Armamar * Count of Armil * Count of Arnoso * Count of Arraiolos * Count of Arr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dukedoms In Portugal
The highest hereditary title in the Portuguese nobility. By tradition, there are a total of five royal and seven non-royal dukes in Portugal, out of 28 dukedoms that have ever been created. In the majority of cases, the title of duke was attributed to members of the high nobility, usually relatives of the Portuguese royal family, such as the second son of a monarch. There are exceptions, like António José de Ávila, who, although not having any relation to the royal family, was given the title of duke of Ávila and Bolama. Royal dukedoms Hereditary royal dukedoms * Duke of Braganza (the principal '' grandeza'' of the Portuguese royal dynasty. After the restoration of a Portuguese dynasty in 1640, it became a title of the heir apparent to the crown, and passes to his heir, when he becomes king.) Courtesy royal dukedoms These titles were occasionally given to other '' infantes'' of the royal family, but did not automatically descend to their heirs: * Duke of Barcelos * Duke ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Duke Of Abrantes (1642)
Duke of Abrantes () is a hereditary title in the Peerage of Spain, accompanied by the dignity of Grandee and granted in 1642 by Philip IV to Alfonso de Láncaster, son of the 3rd Duke of Aveiro and a great-grandchild of John II of Portugal. It takes its name from the city of Abrantes in Portugal. Bernardo de Carvajal y Moctezuma, 2nd Count of Enjarada, is an ancestor of the Dukes of Abrantes, thereby making them descendants of Doña Isabel Moctezuma and the Aztec Emperor Moctezuma II. This ducal family formerly owned the ''Palacio de los Toledo-Moctezuma'' at Cáceres in Spain. The Habsburgs were deposed from the Portuguese throne in 1640, two years before this dukedom was created. The title was never recognised in Portugal, but it remains extant in Spain. The present Duke of Abrantes, who is also a Grandee of Spain, is Don José Manuel de Zuleta y Alejandro, who is the Private Secretary to Queen Letizia. ;Buildings *Recreo de las Cadenas *Palacio del Marqués de Casa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Marquis Of Porto Seguro
A marquess (; ) is a nobleman of high hereditary rank in various European peerages and in those of some of their former colonies. The German-language equivalent is Markgraf (margrave). A woman with the rank of a marquess or the wife (or widow) of a marquess is a marchioness () or marquise (). These titles are also used to translate equivalent Asian styles, as in Imperial China and Imperial Japan. Etymology The word ''marquess'' entered the English language from the Old French ("ruler of a border area") in the late 13th or early 14th century. The French word was derived from ("frontier"), itself descended from the Middle Latin ("frontier"), from which the modern English word ''March (territory), march'' also descends. The distinction between governors of frontier territories and interior territories was made as early as the founding of the Roman Empire when some provinces were set aside for administration by the senate and more unpacified or vulnerable provinces were admini ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Charles II Of Spain
Charles II (6 November 1661 – 1 November 1700) was King of Spain from 1665 to 1700. The last monarch from the House of Habsburg, which had ruled Spain since 1516, he died without an heir, leading to a European Great Power conflict over the succession. For reasons still debated, Charles experienced lengthy periods of ill health throughout his life. This made the question of who would succeed him central to European diplomacy for much of his reign, one historian writing that "from the day of his birth, they were waiting for his death". The two main candidates were the Austrian Habsburg Archduke Charles, and 16-year-old Philip of Anjou, grandson of Charles' half-sister Maria Theresa and Louis XIV of France. Shortly before his death in November 1700, Charles named Philip his heir, but the acquisition of an undivided Spanish Empire by either France or Austria threatened the European balance of power. Failure to resolve these issues through diplomacy resulted in the 1701 to ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
King Of Portugal
This is a list of Portuguese monarchs who ruled from the establishment of the Kingdom of Portugal, in 1139, to the deposition of the Portuguese monarchy and creation of the Portugal, Portuguese Republic with the 5 October 1910 revolution. Through the nearly 800 years in which Portugal was a monarchy, the kings held various other Style of the Portuguese sovereign, titles and pretensions. Two kings of Portugal, Ferdinand I of Portugal, Ferdinand I and Afonso V of Portugal, Afonso V, claimed the crown of Castile and waged wars in order to enforce their respective claims. Ferdinand I managed to be recognized as Kingdom of Galicia, King of Galiza in 1369, although his dominance of the region was short-lived. When the House of Habsburg came into power, the kings of Spain, kings of Naples, Naples, and kings of Sicily, Sicily also became kings of Portugal. The House of Braganza brought numerous titles to the Portuguese Crown some honorary, such as the attribution of the title of ''Rex F ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Philip IV Of Spain
Philip IV (, ; 8 April 160517 September 1665), also called the Planet King (Spanish: ''Rey Planeta''), was King of Spain from 1621 to his death and (as Philip III) King of Portugal from 1621 to 1640. Philip is remembered for his patronage of the arts, including such artists as Diego Velázquez, and his rule over Habsburg Spain, Spain during the Thirty Years' War. By the time of his death, the Spanish Empire had reached approximately 12.2 million square kilometres (4.7 million square miles) in area but in other aspects was in Decline of Spain, decline, a process to which Philip contributed with his inability to achieve successful domestic and military reform. He was succeeded on his death by his young son Charles II of Spain, Charles II as King of Spain and in 1640 (with the collapse of the Iberian Union) by John IV of Portugal, John IV as King of Portugal. Personal life Philip IV was born in the Royal Palace of Valladolid, and was the eldest son of Philip III of Spai ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Habsburg Spain
Habsburg Spain refers to Spain and the Hispanic Monarchy (political entity), Hispanic Monarchy, also known as the Rex Catholicissimus, Catholic Monarchy, in the period from 1516 to 1700 when it was ruled by kings from the House of Habsburg. In this period the Spanish Empire was at the zenith of its influence and power. During this period, Spain held many territories, including American continental holdings and the Spanish West Indies, West Indies; European territories like the Habsburg Netherlands, Low Countries, Council of Italy, Italian territories, Iberian Union, Portugal and parts of County of Burgundy, France; and the Captaincy General of the Philippines, Philippines and other possessions in Southeast Asia. The period of Spanish history has also been referred to as the "Age of Discovery, Age of Expansion". The Habsburg name was not always used by the family members, who often emphasized their more prestigious princely titles. The dynasty was long known as the "House of Austr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
