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Council Of Mainz (888)
In the history of the Catholic Church in Germany, there have been many synods (church councils) held in Mainz. Traditionally, the archbishops of Mainz held the title of Primate of Germany. Synod of Mainz (or Council of Mainz, ) may refer to: *, convoked by Charlemagne and presided over by Archbishop Hildebold of CologneEdward H. Landon''A Manual of Councils of the Holy Catholic Church''(J. Grant, 1909), pp. 363–369. *Council of Mainz (829), convoked by Louis the Pious *Council of Mainz (847), convoked by Louis the German, the first of three council held under Archbishop Hrabanus Maurus *Council of Mainz (848), which condemned Gottschalk of Orbais *Council of Mainz (852), a combined church council and royal assembly *Council of Mainz (888), held in the aftermath of the deposition of Charles the Fat and the dissolution of the Carolingian Empire *Council of Mainz (1028), actually held just outside Mainz in a place called Geizlete *Council of Mainz (1049), attended by the Emperor Hen ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
History Of The Catholic Church In Germany
The history of the Catholic Church in Germany should be read in parallel with the History of Germany as the Church was progressively confused, in competition with, oppressed by and distinguished from, the state. The long history of Roman Catholicism in Germany can also explain much of the History of the Roman Catholic Church, especially in the period of the Middle Ages, under the Holy Roman Empire. Christianization of the Germans The earliest stage of Christianization of the various Celtic peoples, Celtic people and Germanic peoples, Germanic people occurred only in the western part of Germany, the part controlled by the Roman Empire. Christianization was facilitated by the prestige of the Christian Roman Empire amongst its pagan subjects and was achieved gradually by various means. The rise of Germanic Christianity was at first voluntary, particularly among groups associated with the Roman Empire. After Christianity became a largely unified and dominant force in Germania, remai ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Carolingian Empire
The Carolingian Empire (800–887) was a Franks, Frankish-dominated empire in Western and Central Europe during the Early Middle Ages. It was ruled by the Carolingian dynasty, which had ruled as List of Frankish kings, kings of the Franks since 751 and as kings of the Lombards in Italy from 774. In 800, Pope Leo III crowned the Frankish king Charlemagne as Roman emperor in return for political protection, disregarding the universalist claims of the weakened Byzantine Empire. The Carolingian Empire is sometimes considered the first phase in the history of the Holy Roman Empire. After a Carolingian civil war, civil war from 840 to 843 following the death of Emperor Louis the Pious, the empire was divided into autonomous kingdoms, with one king still recognised as emperor, but with little authority outside his own kingdom. The unity of the empire and the hereditary right of the Carolingians continued to be acknowledged. In 884, Charles the Fat reunited all the Carolingian kingdoms f ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mongol Invasions Of Europe
From the 1220s to the 1240s, the Mongols conquered the Turkic states of Volga Bulgaria, Cumania and Iranian state of Alania, and various principalities in Eastern Europe. Following this, they began their invasion into Central Europe by launching a two-pronged invasion of then-fragmented Poland, culminating in the Battle of Legnica (9 April 1241), and the Kingdom of Hungary, culminating in the Battle of Mohi (11 April 1241). Invasions were also launched into the Caucasus against the Kingdom of Georgia, the Chechens, the Ingush, and Circassia though they failed to fully subjugate the latter. More invasions were launched in Southeast Europe against Bulgaria, Croatia, and the Latin Empire. The operations were planned by General Subutai (1175–1248) and commanded by Batu Khan () and Kadan (d. ), two grandsons of Genghis Khan. Their conquests integrated much of Eastern European territory into the empire of the Golden Horde. Warring European princes realized they had to cooperate in ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Councils Of Mainz (1261)
A council is a group of people who come together to consult, deliberate, or make decisions. A council may function as a legislature, especially at a town, city or county/shire level, but most legislative bodies at the state/provincial or national level are not considered councils. At such levels, there may be no separate executive branch, and the council may effectively represent the entire government. A board of directors might also be denoted as a council. A committee might also be denoted as a council, though a committee is generally a subordinate body composed of members of a larger body, while a council may not be. Because many schools have a student council, the council is the form of governance with which many people are likely to have their first experience as electors or participants. A member of a council may be referred to as a councillor or councilperson, or by the gender-specific titles of councilman and councilwoman. In politics Notable examples of types of counc ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Stedinger Crusade
The Stedinger Crusade (1233–1234) was a Papally sanctioned war against the rebellious peasants of Stedingen. The Stedinger were free farmers and subjects of the Prince-Archbishopric of Bremen. Grievances over taxes and property rights turned into full-scale revolt. When an attempt by the secular authorities to put down the revolt ended in defeat, the archbishop mobilized his church and the Papacy to have a crusade sanctioned against the rebels. In the first campaign, the small crusading army was defeated. In a follow-up campaign the next year, a much larger crusader army was victorious. It is often grouped with the Drenther Crusade (1228–1232) and the Bosnian Crusade (1235–1241), other small-scale crusades against European Christians deemed heretical.Megan Cassidy-Welch (2013)"The Stedinger Crusade: War, Remembrance, and Absence in Thirteenth-Century Germany" ''Viator'' 44 (2): 159–174. Background Stedinger settlement The Stedinger were the peasant inhabitants of the re ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Councils Of Mainz (1233)
A council is a group of people who come together to consult, deliberate, or make decisions. A council may function as a legislature, especially at a town, city or county/shire level, but most legislative bodies at the state/provincial or national level are not considered councils. At such levels, there may be no separate executive branch, and the council may effectively represent the entire government. A board of directors might also be denoted as a council. A committee might also be denoted as a council, though a committee is generally a subordinate body composed of members of a larger body, while a council may not be. Because many schools have a student council, the council is the form of governance with which many people are likely to have their first experience as electors or participants. A member of a council may be referred to as a councillor or councilperson, or by the gender-specific titles of councilman and councilwoman. In politics Notable examples of types of counc ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Conrad Of Urach
__NOTOC__ Conrad of Urach (also named Conrad von Urach, , also known as Konrad or Kuno von Zähringen) (born in the 1170s; died 29 September 1227, probably in Bari) was a Cistercian monk and abbot, and Cardinal Bishop of Porto and Santa Rufina; he declined the papacy.Michael Ott (1908). " Conrad of Urach". In ''Catholic Encyclopedia''. 4. New York: Robert Appleton Company. Infancy Conrad was the second son of Count Egino IV of Urach and his wife Agnes, sister of Berthold V of Zähringen, in the early generations of the line of Dukes of Württemberg. His early education was entrusted to his great-uncle Rudolf of Zähringen, Bishop of Liège. At an early age he became a canon of St. Lambert's Cathedral in Liège. His parents married in 1181, and so it is thought his birthdate was around 1185. This makes his ecclesiastical career, starting as an oblate, coherent with the normal career of a secular child, who would have entered into a squireship at around the same age he seems to ha ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Council Of Mainz (1225)
In the history of the Catholic Church in Germany, there have been many synods (church councils) held in Mainz. Traditionally, the archbishops of Mainz held the title of Primate of Germany. Synod of Mainz (or Council of Mainz, ) may refer to: *, convoked by Charlemagne and presided over by Archbishop Hildebold of CologneEdward H. Landon''A Manual of Councils of the Holy Catholic Church''(J. Grant, 1909), pp. 363–369. *Council of Mainz (829), convoked by Louis the Pious * Council of Mainz (847), convoked by Louis the German, the first of three council held under Archbishop Hrabanus Maurus * Council of Mainz (848), which condemned Gottschalk of Orbais * Council of Mainz (852), a combined church council and royal assembly *Council of Mainz (888), held in the aftermath of the deposition of Charles the Fat and the dissolution of the Carolingian Empire * Council of Mainz (1028), actually held just outside Mainz in a place called Geizlete * Council of Mainz (1049), attended by the Emper ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gregorian Reform
The Gregorian Reforms were a series of reforms initiated by Pope Gregory VII and the circle he formed in the papal curia, c. 1050–1080, which dealt with the moral integrity and independence of the clergy. The reforms are considered to be named after Pope Gregory VII (1073–1085), though he personally denied it and claimed his reforms, like his regnal name, honoured Pope Gregory I. Overview The Gregorian reform was a frontal attack against the political-religious collusion dating from the Carolingians, in which institutions and church property were largely controlled by secular authorities while the clerics from pope and bishop to country priest were subject by customary law to the authority of the emperor, the king, the prince or the lord. The following practices were thus most protested against: # The investiture of clerics or the handing over of a religious function to a cleric by a layman: The custom had, in the eyes of the reformers, led to the greatest aberrations ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Council Of Mainz (1075)
In the history of the Catholic Church in Germany, there have been many synods (church councils) held in Mainz. Traditionally, the archbishops of Mainz held the title of Primate of Germany. Synod of Mainz (or Council of Mainz, ) may refer to: *, convoked by Charlemagne and presided over by Archbishop Hildebold of CologneEdward H. Landon''A Manual of Councils of the Holy Catholic Church''(J. Grant, 1909), pp. 363–369. *Council of Mainz (829), convoked by Louis the Pious * Council of Mainz (847), convoked by Louis the German, the first of three council held under Archbishop Hrabanus Maurus * Council of Mainz (848), which condemned Gottschalk of Orbais * Council of Mainz (852), a combined church council and royal assembly *Council of Mainz (888), held in the aftermath of the deposition of Charles the Fat and the dissolution of the Carolingian Empire * Council of Mainz (1028), actually held just outside Mainz in a place called Geizlete * Council of Mainz (1049), attended by the Emper ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Diocese Of Constance
The Prince-Bishopric of Constance () was a small ecclesiastical principality of the Holy Roman Empire from the mid-12th century until its secularisation in 1802–1803. In his dual capacity as prince and as bishop, the prince-bishop also administered the Diocese of Konstanz, which existed from about 585 until its dissolution in 1821, and whose territory extended over an area much larger than the principality. It belonged to the ecclesiastical province of Mainz since 780/782. Geography The Imperial immediate territory of the prince-bishopric was scattered on both sides of western Lake Constance, stretching from the Höri peninsula and the High Rhine in the west along Untersee with the Monastic Island of Reichenau, the Bodanrück peninsula, and Lake Überlingen to the Linzgau region in the northeast. This did not include the Imperial City of Constance nor Petershausen Abbey. In the south, the bishop's territory bordered on the Landgraviate of Thurgau which was conquered by t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Council Of Mainz (1071)
In the history of the Catholic Church in Germany, there have been many synods (church councils) held in Mainz. Traditionally, the archbishops of Mainz held the title of Primate of Germany. Synod of Mainz (or Council of Mainz, ) may refer to: *, convoked by Charlemagne and presided over by Archbishop Hildebold of CologneEdward H. Landon''A Manual of Councils of the Holy Catholic Church''(J. Grant, 1909), pp. 363–369. *Council of Mainz (829), convoked by Louis the Pious * Council of Mainz (847), convoked by Louis the German, the first of three council held under Archbishop Hrabanus Maurus * Council of Mainz (848), which condemned Gottschalk of Orbais * Council of Mainz (852), a combined church council and royal assembly *Council of Mainz (888), held in the aftermath of the deposition of Charles the Fat and the dissolution of the Carolingian Empire * Council of Mainz (1028), actually held just outside Mainz in a place called Geizlete * Council of Mainz (1049), attended by the Emper ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
