Cook And Gondu Rivers Languages
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Cook And Gondu Rivers Languages
The Kayagar languages are a small family of four closely related Trans–New Guinea languages spoken around the Cook River in Province of South Papua, Indonesia: * Atohwaim (Kaugat) * Gondu River ** Kayagar (Kaygir) ** Tamagario (Arare–Pagai) ***Yogo Yogo may refer to: * YoGo - an Australian snack * Yogo sapphire - a variety of sapphire found in Yogo Gulch, Montana * Yogo, Shiga - a town in Japan * Yogo (yoga) - a children's exercise based on yoga featured on the program '' Waybuloo'' * Yogo Isl ... ('Tamagario') Proto-language Pronouns Usher (2020) reconstructs the pronouns as: : Basic vocabulary Some lexical reconstructions by Usher (2020) are: : Vocabulary comparison The following basic vocabulary words are from McElhanon & Voorhoeve (1970) and Voorhoeve (1971, 1975), as cited in the Trans-New Guinea database. The words cited constitute translation equivalents, whether they are cognate (e.g. ''tikem'', ''toxom'' for “head”) or not (e.g. ''icoxop'', ''iripam'' for ...
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South Papua
South Papua, officially the South Papua Province (), is an Indonesian Provinces of Indonesia, province located in the southern portion of Western New Guinea, Papua, following the borders of the Papuan customary region of Anim Ha. Formally established on 25 July 2022 and including the four most southern regencies that were previously part of the province of Papua (province), Papua and before 11 December 2002 had been a single larger Merauke Regency, it covers a land area of 117,849.16 km2, about the same area as Pennsylvania (or 90% of that of England). This area had a population of 513,617 at the 2020 Census,Badan Pusat Statistik, Jakarta, 2021. while the official estimate as at mid 2024 was 542,075 (281,466 males and 260,609 females),Badan Pusat Statistik, Jakarta, 28 February 2025, ''Provinsi Papua Selatan Dalam Angka 2025'' (Katalog-BPS 1102001.93) making it the least populous province in Indonesia. It shares land borders with the separate nation of Papua New Guinea to th ...
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Trans–New Guinea Languages
Trans–New Guinea (TNG) is an extensive Language family, family of Papuan languages spoken on the island of New Guinea and neighboring islands, a region corresponding to the country Papua New Guinea as well as Western New Guinea, parts of Indonesia. Trans–New Guinea is perhaps the List of language families#By number of languages, third-largest language family in the world by number of languages. The core of the family is considered to be established, but its boundaries and overall membership are uncertain. The languages are spoken by around 3 million people. There have been several main proposals as to its internal classification. History of the proposal Although Papuan languages for the most part are poorly documented, several of the branches of Trans–New Guinea have been recognized for some time. The Eleman languages were first proposed by S. Ray in 1907, parts of Marind languages, Marind were recognized by Ray and JHP Murray in 1918, and the Rai Coast languages in 1919, a ...
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Language Family
A language family is a group of languages related through descent from a common ancestor, called the proto-language of that family. The term ''family'' is a metaphor borrowed from biology, with the tree model used in historical linguistics analogous to a family tree, or to phylogenetic trees of taxa used in evolutionary taxonomy. Linguists thus describe the ''daughter languages'' within a language family as being ''genetically related''. The divergence of a proto-language into daughter languages typically occurs through geographical separation, with different regional dialects of the proto-language undergoing different language changes and thus becoming distinct languages over time. One well-known example of a language family is the Romance languages, including Spanish, French, Italian, Portuguese, Romanian, Catalan, and many others, all of which are descended from Vulgar Latin.Lewis, M. Paul, Gary F. Simons, and Charles D. Fennig (eds.)''Ethnologue: Languages ...
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Cook River (Papua)
Cook River may refer to: * Cook River / Weheka, on the south island of New Zealand * Cook River (Jacques-Cartier River tributary), in Jacques-Cartier National Park, Quebec, Canada * Cook River (Tobago), see List of rivers of Trinidad and Tobago See also * Cooks River The Cooks River, a semi-mature tide-dominated drowned valley estuary, is a tributary of Botany Bay, located in south-western Sydney, New South Wales, Australia. The course of the urban waterway has been altered to accommodate various developme ...
, a tributary of Botany Bay, New South Wales, Australia {{geodis ...
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Indonesia
Indonesia, officially the Republic of Indonesia, is a country in Southeast Asia and Oceania, between the Indian Ocean, Indian and Pacific Ocean, Pacific oceans. Comprising over List of islands of Indonesia, 17,000 islands, including Sumatra, Java, Sulawesi, and parts of Borneo and New Guinea, Indonesia is the world's largest archipelagic state and the List of countries and dependencies by area, 14th-largest country by area, at . With over 280 million people, Indonesia is the world's List of countries and dependencies by population, fourth-most-populous country and the most populous Islam by country, Muslim-majority country. Java, the world's List of islands by population, most populous island, is home to more than half of the country's population. Indonesia operates as a Presidential system, presidential republic with an elected People's Consultative Assembly, legislature and consists of Provinces of Indonesia, 38 provinces, nine of which have Autonomous administrative divisi ...
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Tamagario Language
Tamagario is a Papuan language of Mappi Regency, South Papua South Papua, officially the South Papua Province (), is an Indonesian Provinces of Indonesia, province located in the southern portion of Western New Guinea, Papua, following the borders of the Papuan customary region of Anim Ha. Formally establ ..., Indonesia. It is spoken in: *Haju District: Arare, Kerke, Pagai Villages *Mambioman Bapai District: Tereyemu, Magabag Villages Yogo is considered a dialect of Tamagario but may be a distinct language. References Languages of Western New Guinea Kayagar languages {{papuan-lang-stub ...
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Yogo Language
Yogo may refer to: *YoGo - an Australian snack *Yogo sapphire - a variety of sapphire found in Yogo Gulch, Montana * Yogo, Shiga - a town in Japan * Yogo (yoga) - a children's exercise based on yoga featured on the program ''Waybuloo'' * Yogo Island, island on Lake Chad in Chad See also *iögo Ultima Foods Inc. is a Canadian manufacturer and marketer of yogurt and fresh dairy products. Founded in 1993 (with predecessor operations dating to 1971), Ultima Foods is owned by Lactalis. In 2017, the company had 660 employees across the count ...
(pronounced "yogo") – a Canadian brand of yogurt {{disambiguation ...
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Kayagar Languages
The Kayagar languages are a small family of four closely related Trans–New Guinea languages spoken around the Cook River in Province of South Papua, Indonesia: * Atohwaim (Kaugat) * Gondu River ** Kayagar (Kaygir) ** Tamagario (Arare–Pagai) ***Yogo Yogo may refer to: * YoGo - an Australian snack * Yogo sapphire - a variety of sapphire found in Yogo Gulch, Montana * Yogo, Shiga - a town in Japan * Yogo (yoga) - a children's exercise based on yoga featured on the program '' Waybuloo'' * Yogo Isl ... ('Tamagario') Proto-language Pronouns Usher (2020) reconstructs the pronouns as: : Basic vocabulary Some lexical reconstructions by Usher (2020) are: : Vocabulary comparison The following basic vocabulary words are from McElhanon & Voorhoeve (1970) and Voorhoeve (1971, 1975), as cited in the Trans-New Guinea database. The words cited constitute translation equivalents, whether they are cognate (e.g. ''tikem'', ''toxom'' for “head”) or not (e.g. ''icoxop'', ''iripam'' for ...
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Languages Of Western New Guinea
Language is a structured system of communication that consists of grammar and vocabulary. It is the primary means by which humans convey meaning, both in spoken and signed forms, and may also be conveyed through writing. Human language is characterized by its cultural and historical diversity, with significant variations observed between cultures and across time. Human languages possess the properties of productivity and displacement, which enable the creation of an infinite number of sentences, and the ability to refer to objects, events, and ideas that are not immediately present in the discourse. The use of human language relies on social convention and is acquired through learning. Estimates of the number of human languages in the world vary between and . Precise estimates depend on an arbitrary distinction (dichotomy) established between languages and dialects. Natural languages are spoken, signed, or both; however, any language can be encoded into secondary media usi ...
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