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Comparison Of Rugby League And Rugby Union
The team sports rugby union and rugby league share origins and thus have many similarities. Initially, following an 1895 split in rugby football, rugby union and rugby league differed in administration only. Soon, the rules of rugby league were modified, resulting in two distinct forms of rugby. After 100 years, in 1995 rugby union joined rugby league and most other forms of football as an openly professional sport. The inherent similarities between rugby union and rugby league have at times led to the speculation about a merger of the two variants and experimental hybrid games have been played that use a mix of the two sports' rules. History Rugby union was originally referred to as rugby football. During the early development of rugby football different schools used different rules, on many occasions agreeing upon them shortly before commencement of the game. In 1871, English clubs met to form the Rugby Football Union (RFU). Rugby football spread to Australia and New Zeal ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Griffins RFC Kotka 1
The griffin, griffon, or gryphon (; Classical Latin: ''gryps'' or ''grypus''; Late and Medieval Latin: ''gryphes'', ''grypho'' etc.; Old French Old French (, , ; ) was the language spoken in most of the northern half of France approximately between the late 8th back legs of a lion, and the head and wings of an eagle">lion.html" ;"title="Hindlimb">back legs of a lion">Hindlimb">back legs of a lion, and the head and wings of an eagle with its talons on the front legs. Overview Because the lion was traditionally considered the king of the beasts and the eagle the king of the birds, by the Middle Ages, the griffin was thought to be an especially powerful and majestic creature. Since classical antiquity, griffins were known for guarding treasures and priceless possessions. In Greek and Roman texts, griffins and Arimaspians were associated with gold deposits of Central Asia. The earliest classical writings were derived from Aristeas (7th cent. BC) and preserved by Herodotus and ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
George William Smith (sportsman)
George William Smith (20 September 1874 – 7 December 1954) was a New Zealand sportsman who excelled at track and field as well as both codes of rugby football. Early years Smith was born in Auckland and educated at Wellesley Street School. Horse racing He became a successful jockey and it was later reported he won the 1894 New Zealand Cup, riding Impulse. However this has been queried or disputed, for example: * On the All Blacks website – ''"And if some historians can be believed, he was also the winning jockey when a horse called Impulse won the 1894 New Zealand Cup. There has been some scepticism about this, however, particularly from horse racing authorities. Smith was 20 years old in 1894 and it hardly seems logical that as a mature adult he could have ridden a winning mount at a weight of 7st 9lbs, then just a few years later played top rugby weighing nearly four stones heavier. Had Smith wasted to reach his horse's handicap then surely it would have sapped th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kerry Packer
Kerry Francis Bullmore Packer (17 December 1937 – 26 December 2005) was an Australian media tycoon, and was considered one of Australia's most powerful media proprietors of the twentieth century. The Packer family company owned a controlling interest in both the Nine Network and the publishing company Are Media#Australian Consolidated Press, Australian Consolidated Press, which were later merged to form Publishing and Broadcasting Limited (PBL). Outside Australia, Packer was best known for founding World Series Cricket. At the time of his death, he was the richest and one of the most influential men in Australia. In 2004, ''Business Review Weekly'' magazine estimated Packer's net worth at . Early life Kerry Packer was born on 17 December 1937 in Sydney, Australia. His father was Frank Packer, Sir Frank Packer, an Australian media proprietor who controlled Are Media#Australian Consolidated Press, Australian Consolidated Press and the Nine Network. His mother, Gretel Bullmore, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Inland Revenue
The Inland Revenue was, until April 2005, a department of the British Government responsible for the collection of direct taxation, including income tax, national insurance contributions, capital gains tax, inheritance tax, corporation tax, petroleum revenue tax and stamp duty. More recently, the Inland Revenue also administered the Tax Credits schemes, whereby monies, such as Working Tax Credit (WTC) and Child Tax Credit (CTC), are paid by the government into a recipient's bank account or as part of their wages. The Inland Revenue was also responsible for the payment of child benefit (from 1999). The Inland Revenue was merged with HM Customs and Excise to form HM Revenue and Customs which came into existence on 18 April 2005. The current name was promoted by the use of the expression "from Revenue and Customs" in a series of annual radio, and to a lesser extent, television public information broadcasts in the 2000s and 2010s. History The Board of Taxes The beginning ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Shamateurism
Amateur sports are sports in which participants engage largely or entirely without remuneration. The distinction is made between amateur sporting participants and professional sporting participants, who are paid for the time they spend competing and training. In the majority of sports which feature professional players, the professionals will participate at a higher standard of play than amateur competitors, as they can train full-time without the stress of having another job. The majority of worldwide sporting participants are amateurs. Sporting amateurism was a zealously guarded ideal in the 19th century, especially among the upper classes, but faced steady erosion throughout the 20th century with the continuing growth of pro sports and monetisation of amateur and collegiate sports, and is now strictly held as an ideal by fewer and fewer organisations governing sports, even as they maintain the word "amateur" in their titles. Background Modern organized sports developed in the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
World Rugby
World Rugby is the governing body for the sport of rugby union. World Rugby organises the Rugby World Cup every four years, the sport's most recognised and most profitable competition. It also organises a number of other international competitions, such as the World Rugby Sevens Series, the Rugby World Cup Sevens, the World Rugby Under 20 Championship, World Under 20 Championship, and the Pacific Nations Cup. World Rugby's headquarters are in Dublin, Ireland. Its membership now comprises 133 national unions. Each member country must also be a member of one of the six regional unions into which the world is divided: Africa, North America, Asia, Europe, South America, and Oceania. World Rugby was founded as the International Rugby Football Board (IRFB) in 1886 by , and , with joining in 1890. , and became full members in 1949. became a member in 1978 and a further 80 members joined from 1987 to 1999. The body was renamed the International Rugby Board (IRB) in 1998, and took ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
International Rugby League Board
The International Rugby League (IRL) is the global governing body for the sport of rugby league football. The IRL organises the Rugby League World Cup, the oldest international rugby World Cup, as well as the Women's and Wheelchair equivalent. International Rugby Leagues headquarters are in London, England and is currently made of 32 members. Founded as the ''Rugby League Imperial Board'' in 1927 by the Rugby Football League, French Rugby League Federation, Australian Rugby League Board of Control and the New Zealand Rugby League. In 1948 it became the '' International Rugby League Board'' when its membership expanded and then the ''Rugby League International Federation'' between 1998-2020. There are two regional associations affiliated to the IRL; the European Rugby League (ERL) and the Asia-Pacific Rugby League (APRL). History 1895–1926: Rugby league foundations Rugby league, which had started in England in 1895 and spread to Wales in 1907 and Australia and New Zea ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
French Rugby Federation
The French Rugby Federation (, ; FFR) is the governing body for rugby union in France. It is responsible for the French national team and the Ligue nationale de rugby that administers the country's professional leagues. History Before the FFR was established, football, rugby union and other sports in France were regulated by the Union des Sociétés Françaises de Sports Athlétiques (USFSA). Founded in November 1890, the USFSA was initially headquartered in Paris, but its membership soon expanded to include sports clubs from throughout France.''The Official History of the Olympic Games and the IOC- Athens to Beijing, 1894–2008'': David Miller (2008) The FFR was formed in 1919 and is affiliated to World Rugby, the sport's governing body. In 1934 the FFR set up the ''Fédération internationale de rugby amateur'', now known as Rugby Europe, in an attempt to organise rugby union outside the authority of World Rugby, then known as the International Rugby Football Board (IRFB). ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1921–22 Kangaroo Tour Of Great Britain
The 1921–22 Kangaroo tour of Great Britain was the third ever Kangaroo tour. Again an Australasian side rather than an Australian team alone (although the 28-man squad featured only one New Zealander) travelled to Great Britain to contest the Ashes. Coached by Arthur Hennessy and captained by Les Cubitt, the Kangaroos travelled on the RMS ''Tahiti'' to England for best-of-three series of Test matches against Great Britain for the Ashes. The tour took place during the 1921–22 Northern Rugby Football Union season and also featured matches against several of the clubs in that competition as well as other representative teams. The tour also involved some degree of player misbehaviour, with one young footballer almost sent home from San Francisco because of all the broken glasses following a drinking session on board the team's ship. Touring squad During 1921, the New Zealand side toured Australia, playing matches against New South Wales and Queensland, which served as se ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
New South Wales Rugby League Season 1908
The 1908 NSWRFL season was the inaugural season of the New South Wales Rugby Football League's NSWRFL premiership, premiership, Australia's first rugby league football club competition, in which nine clubs (eight from Sydney and one from Newcastle, New South Wales, Newcastle) competed from April till August 1908. The season culminated in the first premiership final, for the Royal Agricultural Society Challenge Shield, which was contested by Sydney Roosters, Eastern Suburbs and South Sydney Rabbitohs, South Sydney. In 1908 the NSWRFL also assembled a New South Wales rugby league team, New South Wales representative team for the 1908 Interstate rugby league series, first ever interstate series against Queensland rugby league team, Queensland, and towards the end of the season, the NSWRFL's leading players were absent, having been selected to go on 1908-09 Kangaroo tour of Great Britain, the first Kangaroo tour of Great Britain. Background Early in the 20th century in Sydney, the ga ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
New South Wales Rugby Football League Premiership
The New South Wales Rugby League premiership was the first rugby league football club competition established in Australia and contributor to today's National Rugby League. Run by the New South Wales Rugby League (initially named the New South Wales Rugby Football League) from 1908 until 1994, the premiership was the state's elite rugby league competition, parallel to Queensland's first-class league, the Brisbane Rugby League. For most of the premiership's history it was contested by clubs from the state of New South Wales only, but later attempted to grow into a nationwide competition, eventually leading to the competition being played under the auspices of the Australian Rugby League in 1995. Despite this name, the 1995 and 1996 Australian Rugby League Premierships competitions were still administered by the Board and staff of the New South Wales Rugby League. History 1908: Rugby league premiership in Sydney The inaugural New South Wales Rugby Football League (NSWRFL) pre ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
