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Comparative Law Wiki
A comparative law wiki is a wiki that allows users to create empirical cross-reference datasets for the analysis of the world's myriad legal systems. Examples Over the past decade, there have been several attempts to create a global legal wiki, though as of April 2017 none have gained primacy. Examples include JurisPedia; Wex, the online legal encyclopedia created by Cornell Law School's Legal Information Institute, and the World Encyclopedia of Law, by LAWi. Parallel efforts to create crowdsourced data structures to map global legal/regulatory authorities include projects like Intellipedia, an online system for collaborative data sharing used by the United States Intelligence Community (IC). Usefulness Comparative law wikis are an efficient method of performing comparative legal analysis. Wikis are particularly useful for comparative global analysis because of the use with which sources from multiple jurisdictions can be gathered in one place. Crowdsourcing permits gat ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Wiki
A wiki ( ) is a form of hypertext publication on the internet which is collaboratively edited and managed by its audience directly through a web browser. A typical wiki contains multiple pages that can either be edited by the public or limited to use within an organization for maintaining its internal knowledge base. Its name derives from the first user-editable website called " WikiWikiWeb," with "wiki" being a Hawaiian word meaning "quick." Wikis are powered by wiki software, also known as wiki engines. Being a form of content management system, these differ from other web-based systems such as blog software or static site generators in that the content is created without any defined owner or leader. Wikis have little inherent structure, allowing one to emerge according to the needs of the users. Wiki engines usually allow content to be written using a lightweight markup language and sometimes edited with the help of a rich-text editor. There are dozens of differ ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cross-reference
The term cross-reference (abbreviation: xref) can refer to either: * An instance within a document which refers to related information elsewhere in the same document. In both printed and online dictionaries cross-references are important because they form a network structure of relations existing between different parts of data, dictionary-internal as well as dictionary external. * In an index Index (: indexes or indices) may refer to: Arts, entertainment, and media Fictional entities * Index (''A Certain Magical Index''), a character in the light novel series ''A Certain Magical Index'' * The Index, an item on the Halo Array in the ..., a cross-reference is often denoted by ''See also''. For example, under the term ''Albert Einstein'' in the index of a book about Nobel Laureates, there may be the cross-reference ''See also: Einstein, Albert''. * In hypertext, cross-references take the form of "live" references within the text that, when activated by mouse click, touch, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
List Of National Legal Systems
The contemporary national legal systems are generally based on one of four major legal traditions: civil law, common law, customary law, religious law or combinations of these. However, the legal system of each country is shaped by its unique history and so incorporates individual variations. The science that studies law at the level of legal systems is called comparative law. Both ''civil'' (also known as ''Roman'') and ''common'' law systems can be considered the most widespread in the world: civil law because it is the most widespread by landmass and by population overall, and common law because it is employed by the greatest number of people compared to any single civil law system. Civil law The source of law that is recognized as authoritative is codifications in a constitution or statute passed by legislature, to amend a code. While the concept of codification dates back to the Code of Hammurabi in Babylon ca. 1790 BC, civil law systems derive from the Roman Empir ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
JurisPedia
JurisPedia () was a wiki-based online encyclopedia of academic law in many languages, at one time available in Arabic, Chinese, English, French, German, Spanish and Dutch. It was started in October 2004, inspired in part by Wikipedia and the Enciclopedia Libre (University of Seville). JurisPedia ran on the MediaWiki software, but it was not a Wikimedia Foundation project. JurisPedia was developed on the initiative of the African Legal Information Institute, the Faculty of law of the Can Tho University (Vietnam), the team of JURIS (Université du Québec à Montréal, Canada), the of Saarland University (Germany), the Institut de Recherche et d'Études en Droit de l'Information et de la Communication (IREDIC) of Paul Cézanne University. The site, one of the largest legal encyclopedias and online legal references, won the Dieter Meurer Prize for Legal Informatics for 2009. Since 2012, JurisPedia was member of the Free Access to Law Movement. On 10 March 2014, the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cornell Law School
Cornell Law School is the law school of Cornell University, a private university, private, Ivy League university in Ithaca, New York. One of the five Ivy League law schools, Cornell Law School offers four degree programs (Juris Doctor, JD, Master of Laws, LLM, Master of Studies in Law, MSLS and Doctor of Juridical Science, JSD) along with several dual-degree programs in conjunction with other professional schools at the university. It was established in 1887 as Cornell University's Department of Law. Currently, the school graduates around 200 students each year. Cornell Law School is home to the Legal Information Institute (LII), the ''Journal of Empirical Legal Studies'', the ''Cornell Law Review'', the ''Cornell Journal of Law and Public Policy'', and the ''Cornell International Law Journal''. History 19th century The Law Department at Cornell opened in 1887 in Morrill Hall (Cornell University), Morrill Hall with Judge Douglass Boardman as its first dean. At that time ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Legal Information Institute
The Legal Information Institute (LII) is a non-profit public service of Cornell Law School that provides no-cost access to current American and international legal research sources online. Founded in 1992 by Peter Martin and Tom Bruce, LII was the first law site developed on the internet. LII electronically publishes on the Web the U.S. Code, U.S. Supreme Court opinions, Uniform Commercial Code, the US Code of Federal Regulations, several Federal Rules, and a variety of other American primary law materials.. LII also provides access to other national and international sources, such as treaties and United Nations materials. According to its website, the LII serves over 40 million unique visitors per year. Since its inception, the Legal Information Institute has inspired others around the world to develop namesake operations. These services are part of the Free Access to Law Movement. History LII was established in 1992 at Cornell Law School by Peter Martin and Tom ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Crowdsourcing
Crowdsourcing involves a large group of dispersed participants contributing or producing goods or services—including ideas, votes, micro-tasks, and finances—for payment or as volunteers. Contemporary crowdsourcing often involves digital platforms to attract and divide work between participants to achieve a cumulative result. Crowdsourcing is not limited to online activity, however, and there are various historical examples of crowdsourcing. The word crowdsourcing is a portmanteau of "crowd" and "outsourcing". In contrast to outsourcing, crowdsourcing usually involves less specific and more public groups of participants. Advantages of using crowdsourcing include lowered costs, improved speed, improved quality, increased flexibility, and/or increased scalability of the work, as well as promoting diversity. Crowdsourcing methods include competitions, virtual labor markets, open online collaboration and data donation. Some forms of crowdsourcing, such as in "idea competiti ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Intellipedia
Intellipedia is an online system for collaborative data sharing used by the United States Intelligence Community (IC). It was established as a pilot project in late 2005 and formally announced in April 2006. Intellipedia consists of three wikis running on the separate Joint Worldwide Intelligence Communications System, JWICS (Intellipedia-TS), SIPRNet (Intellipedia-S), and DNI-U (Intellipedia-U) Computer network, networks. The Classified information, levels of classification allowed for information on the three wikis are Top Secret Sensitive Compartmented Information (TS SCI), Classified information in the United States#Secret, Secret (S), and Sensitive But Unclassified (SBU or For Official Use Only, FOUO) information, respectively. Each of the wikis is used by individuals with appropriate Security clearance, clearances from the 18 agencies of the IC and other national-security related organizations, including Unified Combatant Command, Combatant Commands and other federal de ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Data Sharing
Data sharing is the practice of making data used for scholarly research available to other investigators. Many funding agencies, institutions, and publication venues have policies regarding data sharing because transparency and openness are considered by many to be part of the scientific method. A number of funding agencies and science journals require authors of peer-reviewed papers to share any supplemental information (raw data, statistical methods or source code) necessary to understand, develop or reproduce published research. A great deal of scientific research is not subject to data sharing requirements, and many of these policies have liberal exceptions. In the absence of any binding requirement, data sharing is at the discretion of the scientists themselves. In addition, in certain situations governments and institutions prohibit or severely limit data sharing to protect proprietary interests, national security, and subject/patient/victim confidentiality. Data sharing may ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
United States Intelligence Community
The United States Intelligence Community (IC) is a group of separate US federal government, U.S. federal government intelligence agencies and subordinate organizations that work to conduct Intelligence assessment, intelligence activities which support the foreign policy of the United States, foreign policy and national security of the United States, national security interests of the United States. Member organizations of the IC include intelligence agency, intelligence agencies, military intelligence, and civilian intelligence and analysis offices within United States federal executive departments, federal executive departments. The IC is overseen by the Office of the Director of National Intelligence (ODNI), which is headed by the Director of National Intelligence, director of national intelligence (DNI) who reports directly to the president of the United States. The IC was established by Executive Order 12333 ("United States Intelligence Activities"), signed on December 4, 1 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Comparative Law
Comparative law is the study of differences and similarities between the law and legal systems of different countries. More specifically, it involves the study of the different legal systems (or "families") in existence around the world, including common law, civil law, socialist law, Canon law, Jewish Law, Islamic law, Hindu law, and Chinese law. It includes the description and analysis of foreign legal systems, even where no explicit comparison is undertaken. The importance of comparative law has increased enormously in the present age of internationalism and economic globalization. History The origins of modern comparative law can be traced back to Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz in 1667 in his Latin-language book (New Methods of Studying and Teaching Jurisprudence). Chapter 7 (Presentation of Law as the Project for all Nations, Lands and Times) introduces the idea of classifying Legal Systems into several families. A few years later, Leibniz introduced an idea of Languag ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
American Society Of Comparative Law
The American Society of Comparative Law (ASCL), formerly the American Association for the Comparative Study of Law, is a learned society dedicated to the study of comparative law, foreign law, and private international law. It was founded in 1951, and was admitted to American Council of Learned Societies in 1995. The ASCL is incorporated as a 501(c)(3) non-profit organization under the U.S. Internal Revenue Code. The ASCL publishes the '' American Journal of Comparative Law'' on a quarterly basis. It was established at the University of Michigan Law School in 1952, where ASCL Vice President and first Editor-in-Chief Hessel E. Yntema was a professor. Yntema served as Editor-in-Chief until his death in 1966. The journal moved from Michigan to the University of California, Berkeley, in 1971, but returned in 2003. See also *American Society of International Law American(s) may refer to: * American, something of, from, or related to the United States of America, commonly known ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
