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Code Page 301
IBM code page 932 (abbreviated as IBM-932 or ambiguously as CP932) is one of IBM's extensions of Shift JIS. The coded character sets are JIS X 0201:1976, JIS X 0208:1983, IBM extensions and IBM extensions for IBM 1880 UDC. It is the combination of the single-byte Code page 897 and the double-byte Code page 301. Code page 301 is designed to encode the same repertoire as IBM Japanese DBCS-Host. IBM-932 resembles IBM-943. One difference is that IBM-932 encodes the JIS X 0208:1983 characters but preserves the 1978 ordering, whereas IBM-943 uses the 1983 ordering (i.e. the character variant swaps made in JIS X 0208:1983). Another difference is that IBM-932 does not incorporate the NEC selected extensions, which IBM-943 includes for Microsoft compatibility. IBM-942 includes the same double-byte codes as IBM-932 (those from Code page 301) but includes additional single-byte extensions. International Components for Unicode treats "ibm-932" and "ibm-942" as aliases for the same decod ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Code Page
In computing, a code page is a character encoding and as such it is a specific association of a set of printable character (computing), characters and control characters with unique numbers. Typically each number represents the binary value in a single byte. (In some contexts these terms are used more precisely; see .) The term "code page" originated from IBM's EBCDIC-based mainframe systems, but Microsoft, SAP AG, SAP, and Oracle Corporation are among the vendors that use this term. The majority of vendors identify their own character sets by a name. In the case when there is a plethora of character sets (like in IBM), identifying character sets through a number is a convenient way to distinguish them. Originally, the code page numbers referred to the page number, ''page'' numbers in the IBM standard character set manual, a condition which has not held for a long time. Vendors that use a code page system allocate their own code page number to a character encoding, even if it is be ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Shift JIS
Shift JIS (also SJIS, MIME name Shift_JIS, known as PCK in Solaris contexts) is a character encoding for the Japanese language, originally developed by the Japanese company ASCII Corporation in conjunction with Microsoft and standardized as JIS X 0208 Appendix 1. Shift JIS is based on character sets defined within JIS standards (for the single-byte characters) and (for the double-byte characters). , less than 0.05% of surveyed web pages used Shift JIS (actually decoded as its superset Windows-31J encoding), a decline from 1.3% in July 2014. Shift JIS is the third-most declared character encoding for Japanese websites (though in effect it means its superset Windows-31J is used, so it is third-most popular), declared by 1.0% of sites in the .jp domain, while UTF-8 is used by 99% of Japanese websites. Shift JIS is also sometimes used in QR codes (they are a Japanese invention also allowing UTF-8, which may though be preferred use). Structure Shift JIS is an extension ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
JIS X 0201
JIS X 0201, a Japanese Industrial Standards, Japanese Industrial Standard developed in 1969, was the first Japanese electronic character set to become widely used. The character set was initially known as JIS C 6220 before the JIS category reform. Its two forms were a 7-bit encoding or an 8-bit encoding, although the 8-bit form was dominant until Unicode (specifically UTF-8) replaced it. The full name of this standard is ''7-bit and 8-bit coded character sets for information interchange'' (). The first 96 codes comprise an ISO 646 variant, mostly following ASCII with some differences, while the second 96 character codes represent the phonetic Japanese katakana signs. Since the encoding does not provide any way to express hiragana or kanji, it is only capable of expressing simplified written Japanese. Nevertheless, this simplification can represent the full range of sounds in the language. In the 1970s, this was acceptable for media such as text mode computer terminals, telegrams, r ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
JIS X 0208
JIS X 0208 is a 2-byte character set specified as a Japanese Industrial Standards, Japanese Industrial Standard, containing 6879 graphic characters suitable for writing text, place names, personal names, and so forth in the Japanese language. The official title of the current standard is . It was originally established as JIS C 6226 in 1978, and has been revised in 1983, 1990, and 1997. It is also called Code page 952 by IBM. The 1978 version is also called Code page 955 by IBM. Scope of use and compatibility The character set JIS X 0208 establishes is primarily for the purpose of between data processing systems and the devices connected to them, or mutually between data communication systems. This character set can be used for data processing and text processing. Partial implementations of the character set are not considered compatible. Because there are places where such things have happened as the original drafting committee of the first standard taking care to separate c ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Code Page 897
JIS X 0201, a Japanese Industrial Standard developed in 1969, was the first Japanese electronic character set to become widely used. The character set was initially known as JIS C 6220 before the JIS category reform. Its two forms were a 7-bit encoding or an 8-bit encoding, although the 8-bit form was dominant until Unicode (specifically UTF-8) replaced it. The full name of this standard is ''7-bit and 8-bit coded character sets for information interchange'' (). The first 96 codes comprise an ISO 646 variant, mostly following ASCII with some differences, while the second 96 character codes represent the phonetic Japanese katakana signs. Since the encoding does not provide any way to express hiragana or kanji, it is only capable of expressing simplified written Japanese. Nevertheless, this simplification can represent the full range of sounds in the language. In the 1970s, this was acceptable for media such as text mode computer terminals, telegrams, receipts, or other electronicall ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Japanese Language In EBCDIC
Several mutually incompatible versions of the Extended Binary Coded Decimal Interchange Code (EBCDIC) have been used to represent the Japanese language on computers, including variants defined by Hitachi, Fujitsu, IBM and others. Some are variable-width encodings, employing locking shift codes to switch between single-byte and double-byte modes. Unlike other EBCDIC locales, the lowercase basic Latin letters are often not preserved in their usual locations. The characters which are found in the double-byte Japanese code used with EBCDIC by IBM, but not found in the first edition of JIS X 0208, also influenced the vendor extensions found in some non-EBCDIC encodings such as IBM code page 932 ("DBCS-PC") and Windows code page 932. Single-byte codes Similarly to JIS X 0201 (itself incorporated into Shift JIS), Japanese EBCDIC encodings often include a set of single-byte katakana. Several different variants of the single-byte EBCDIC code are used in the Japanese locale, by differe ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
O'Reilly Media
O'Reilly Media, Inc. (formerly O'Reilly & Associates) is an American learning company established by Tim O'Reilly that provides technical and professional skills development courses via an online learning platform. O'Reilly also publishes books about programming and other technical content. Its distinctive brand features a woodcut of an animal on many of its book covers. The company was known as a popular tech conference organizer for more than 20 years before closing the live conferences arm of its business. Company Early days The company began in 1978 as a private consulting firm doing technical writing, based in the Cambridge, Massachusetts area. In 1984, it began to retain publishing rights on manuals created for Unix vendors. A few 70-page "Nutshell Handbooks" were well-received, but the focus remained on the consulting business until 1988. After a conference displaying O'Reilly's preliminary Xlib manuals attracted significant attention, the company began increas ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sebastopol, CA
Sebastopol ( ) is a city in Sonoma County, California, with a recorded population of 7,521, per the 2020 U.S. Census. Sebastopol was once primarily a plum- and apple-growing region. Wine grapes are the predominant agriculture crop, and nearly all lands once used for orchards are now vineyards. The creation of The Barlow, a $32 million mall on a floodplain in Sebastopol, has converted old agricultural warehouses into a marketplace for dining, tasting rooms, and art, and has made Sebastopol a Wine Country destination. Horticulturist Luther Burbank had gardens in this region. The city hosts an annual Apple Blossom Festival in April, Gravenstein Apple Fair in August, and is home to the Sebastopol Documentary Film Festival. History Etymology The settlement was originally named Pine Grove. The name change to Sebastopol has historically been attributed to a bar fight in the late 1850s, which was allegedly compared by a bystander to the long Allied siege of the seaport of Seva ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Code Page 943
Microsoft Windows code page 932 (abbreviated MS932, Windows-932 or ambiguously CP932), also called Windows-31J amongst other names (see § Terminology below), is the Microsoft Windows code page for the Japanese language, which is an extended variant of the Shift JIS Japanese character encoding. It contains standard 7-bit ASCII codes, and Japanese characters are indicated by the high bit of the first byte being set to 1. Some code points in this page require a second byte, so characters use either 8 or 16 bits for encoding. IBM offer the same extended double-byte codes in their code page 943 (IBM-943 or CP943), which is a combination of the single-byte Code page 897 and the double-byte Code page 941. Windows-31J is the most used non-UTF-8/Unicode Japanese encoding on the web. However, many people and software packages, including Microsoft libraries, declare the encoding for Windows-31J data, although it includes some additional characters, and some of the existing characters a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1983
1983 saw both the official beginning of the Internet and the first mobile cellular telephone call. Events January * January 1 – The migration of the ARPANET to TCP/IP is officially completed (this is considered to be the beginning of the true Internet). * January 6 – Pope John Paul II appoints a bishop over the Czechoslovak exile community, which the '' Rudé právo'' newspaper calls a "provocation." This begins a year-long disagreement between the Czechoslovak Socialist Republic and the Vatican, leading to the eventual restoration of diplomatic relations between the two states. * January 14 – The head of Bangladesh's military dictatorship, Hussain Muhammad Ershad, announces his intentions to "turn Bangladesh into an Islamic state." * January 18 – U.S. Secretary of the Interior James G. Watt makes controversial remarks blaming poor living conditions on Native American reservations on "the failures of socialism." Watt will eventually resign in September after a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Code Page 942
Code page 942 (abbreviated as CP942 or IBM-942) is one of IBM's extensions of Shift JIS. The coded character sets are JIS X 0201, JIS X 0208, IBM extensions for IBM 1880 UDC and IBM extensions. It is the combination of the single-byte Code page 1041 and the double-byte Code page 301. It is a superset of Code page 932 (IBM), IBM-932, differing in its use of Code page 1041 in place of Code page 897 for its single byte codes. Code page 1041 is an extension of Code page 897 and adds five single-byte characters. 0x80 is mapped to the cent sign (¢), 0xA0 is mapped to the £, pound sign (£), 0xFD is mapped to the not sign (¬), 0xFE is mapped to the backslash (\) and 0xFF is mapped to the tilde (~). These are all unassigned in Code page 897 and therefore IBM-932. Code page 942 contains standard 7-bit ISO 646 codes, and Japanese characters are indicated by the high bit of the first byte being set to 1. Some code points in this page require a second byte, so characters use either 8 or 16 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
International Components For Unicode
International Components for Unicode (ICU) is an open-source project of mature C/ C++ and Java libraries for Unicode support, software internationalization, and software globalization. ICU is widely portable to many operating systems and environments. It gives applications the same results on all platforms and between C, C++, and Java software. The ICU project is a technical committee of the Unicode Consortium and sponsored, supported, and used by IBM and many other companies. ICU has been included as a standard component with Microsoft Windows since Windows 10 version 1703. ICU provides the following services: Unicode text handling, full character properties, and character set conversions; Unicode regular expressions; full Unicode sets; character, word, and line boundaries; language-sensitive collation and searching; normalization, upper and lowercase conversion, and script transliterations; comprehensive locale data and resource bundle architecture via the Common Loca ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
