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Co-operative Wholesale Society
A cooperative wholesale society (CWS) is a form of cooperative federation (that is, a cooperative in which all the members are cooperatives), in this case, the members are usually consumer cooperatives. The theory, practice and history of the CWS in the pioneering British Co-operative Movement was recorded and expounded by Beatrice Potter in 1891, revised by Carr-Saunders et al. in 1938, to document its economic, social and political dimensions. According to co-operative economist Charles Gide, the aim of a co-operative wholesale society is to arrange “bulk purchases, and, if possible, organise production.” In other words, a co-operative wholesale society is a form of federal co-operative through which consumers co-operatives can collectively purchase goods at wholesale prices, and in some cases collectively own factories or farms. The best historical examples of this are the English CWS and the Scottish SCWS, which are the predecessors of the 21st century Co-operativ ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Silvertown CWS Flour Mill
Silvertown is a district of West Ham in the London Borough of Newham, in east London, England. It lies on the north bank of the Thames and was historically part of the parishes of West Ham and East Ham, hundred of Becontree, and the historic county of Essex. Since 1965, Silvertown has been part of the London Borough of Newham, a local government district of Greater London. It forms part of the London E16 postcode district along with Canning Town and Custom House. The area was named after the factories established by Stephen William Silver in 1852,. The riverside of central Silvertown continues to be dominated by the Tate & Lyle sugar refinery, with residential developments being built to its east and west. Central Silvertown features St Marks Church (now Brick Lane Music Hall), London City Airport, and a new community arts and creative space called The Factory Project. A £3.5 billion redevelopment of part of the district was approved in 2015. Lyn Brown, previousl ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Percy Redfern
Percy Redfern (1875 – 11 February 1958) was a British co-operative movement writer and journalist and an advocate for consumer co-operation. Biography Redfern was born the illegitimate son of a housekeeper in Leicester in 1875. He was raised by his father, Francis Redfern, who was an architect and by his stepmother. He went to seven different schools, including Nottingham Grammar School, before becoming an apprentice to a draper in Nottingham. He disliked the harsh conditions and corrupt practices of the retail industry and began to take an interest in socialism. He joined the Social Democratic Federation, contributed to the Federation's paper ''Justice'' and became an active member of the Independent Labour Party. Redfern was a pacificist and vegetarian. He had a succession of jobs including working for a wholesaler and as a storekeeper for the Manchester Vegetarian Society. In 1899 he began working in a clerical job in Manchester for the Co-operative Wholesale Society ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cooperatives
A cooperative (also known as co-operative, coöperative, co-op, or coop) is "an autonomous association of persons united voluntarily to meet their common economic, social and cultural needs and aspirations through a jointly owned and democratically-controlled enterprise". Cooperatives are democratically controlled by their members, with each member having one vote in electing the board of directors. They differ from collectives in that they are generally built from the bottom-up, rather than the top-down. Cooperatives may include: * Worker cooperatives: businesses owned and managed by the people who work there * Consumer cooperatives: businesses owned and managed by the people who consume goods and/or services provided by the cooperative * Producer cooperatives: businesses where producers pool their output for their common benefit ** e.g. Agricultural cooperatives * Purchasing cooperatives where members pool their purchasing power * Multi-stakeholder or hybrid cooperati ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
List Of Co-operative Federations
This is a list of co-operative federations. For a list of individual Co-operative Enterprises, please see List of cooperatives. International * International Co-operative Alliance (ICA) * World Council of Credit Unions (WOCCU) * International Co-operative Agricultural Organisation (ICAO) * Consumer Co-operatives Worldwide (CCW) * International Co-operative Fisheries Organisation (ICFO) * International Health Co-operative Organisation (IHCO) * International Co-operative Housing Organisation (ICA Housing) * International Co-operative and Mutual Insurance Federation (ICMIF) * International Organisation of Industrial, Artisanal and Service Producers' Co-operatives (CICOPA) * International Cooperative Banking Association. (ICBA) North America * North American Students of Cooperation (NASCO) Canada * Alberta Community and Co-operative Association (ACCA) * Arctic Co-operatives Limited * BC Coop Association (BCCA) * Canadian Co-operative Association (CCA) * Canadian Worker Co-ope ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dividend
A dividend is a distribution of profits by a corporation to its shareholders, after which the stock exchange decreases the price of the stock by the dividend to remove volatility. The market has no control over the stock price on open on the ex-dividend date, though more often than not it may open higher. When a corporation earns a profit or surplus, it is able to pay a portion of the profit as a dividend to shareholders. Any amount not distributed is taken to be re-invested in the business (called retained earnings). The current year profit as well as the retained earnings of previous years are available for distribution; a corporation is usually prohibited from paying a dividend out of its capital. Distribution to shareholders may be in cash (usually by bank transfer) or, if the corporation has a dividend reinvestment plan, the amount can be paid by the issue of further shares or by share repurchase. In some cases, the distribution may be of assets. The dividend received by ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cooperative Economics
Cooperative (or co-operative) economics is a field of economics that incorporates cooperative studies and political economy toward the study and management of cooperatives. History Cooperative economics developed as both a theory and a concrete alternative to industrial capitalism in the late 1700s and early 1800s. As such, it was a form of stateless socialism. The term ''socialism'', in fact, was coined in ''The Cooperative Magazine'' in 1827''.'' Such socialisms arose in response to the negative effects of industrialism, where various clergymen, workers, and industrialists in England, such as Robert Owen, experimented with various models of collective farming and community housing with varying degrees of success. This movement was often integrated with other progressive movements of the era such as women's suffrage and abolitionism. "British industrialist Robert Owen (1771–1858) founded a model factory town around his cotton mill and later established a model socialist commu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cooperative Federalism
Cooperative federalism, also known as marble-cake federalism, is defined as a flexible relationship between the federal and state governments in which both work together on a variety of issues and programs. In the United States In the American federal system, there are limitations on national government's ability to carry out its policies through the executive branch of state governments. For example, in ''Printz v. United States'', 521 U.S. 898 (1997) the Court held that the national government could not directly require state law enforcement officers to conduct background checks under the Brady Handgun Violence Prevention Act legislation. The court explained that prior decisions warned that "this Court never has sanctioned explicitly a federal command to the States to promulgate and enforce laws and regulations." And yet, there are significant advantages in a federal system to obtain state assistance in the local implementation of federal programs. Implementing such programs th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Manchester
Manchester () is a city and the metropolitan borough of Greater Manchester, England. It had an estimated population of in . Greater Manchester is the third-most populous metropolitan area in the United Kingdom, with a population of 2.92 million, and the largest in Northern England. It borders the Cheshire Plain to the south, the Pennines to the north and east, and the neighbouring city of Salford to the west. The city borders the boroughs of Trafford, Metropolitan Borough of Stockport, Stockport, Tameside, Metropolitan Borough of Oldham, Oldham, Metropolitan Borough of Rochdale, Rochdale, Metropolitan Borough of Bury, Bury and City of Salford, Salford. The history of Manchester began with the civilian settlement associated with the Roman fort (''castra'') of Mamucium, ''Mamucium'' or ''Mancunium'', established on a sandstone bluff near the confluence of the rivers River Medlock, Medlock and River Irwell, Irwell. Throughout the Middle Ages, Manchester remained a ma ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
New South Wales Co-operative Wholesale Society
New or NEW may refer to: Music * New, singer of K-pop group The Boyz * ''New'' (album), by Paul McCartney, 2013 ** "New" (Paul McCartney song), 2013 * ''New'' (EP), by Regurgitator, 1995 * "New" (Daya song), 2017 * "New" (No Doubt song), 1999 * "new", a song by Loona from the 2017 single album '' Yves'' * "The New", a song by Interpol from the 2002 album ''Turn On the Bright Lights'' Transportation * Lakefront Airport, New Orleans, U.S., IATA airport code NEW * Newcraighall railway station, Scotland, station code NEW Other uses * ''New'' (film), a 2004 Tamil movie * New (surname), an English family name * NEW (TV station), in Australia * new and delete (C++), in the computer programming language * Net economic welfare, a proposed macroeconomic indicator * Net explosive weight, also known as net explosive quantity * Network of enlightened Women, an American organization * Newar language, ISO 639-2/3 language code new * Next Entertainment World, a South Korean media company ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cooperative Federation
A cooperative federation or secondary cooperative is a cooperative in which all members are, in turn, cooperatives. Historically, cooperative federations have predominantly come in the form of cooperative wholesale societies and cooperative unions. Gide, Charles; as translated from French by the Cooperative Reference Library, Dublin, ''Consumers' Cooperative Societies'', Manchester: The Cooperative Union Limited, 1921, p. 122, Cooperative federations are a means through which cooperatives can fulfill the sixth Cooperative Principle, cooperation among cooperatives. The International Cooperative Alliance notes that ''“Cooperatives serve their members most effectively and strengthen the cooperative movement by working together through local, national, regional and international structures.”'' Retail According to cooperative economist Charles Gide, the aim of a cooperative wholesale society, which is owned by retail consumer cooperatives, is to arrange "bulk purchases, and, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Co-operative Group
The Co-operative Group Limited, trading as Co-op and formerly known as the Co-operative Wholesale Society, is a British consumer cooperative, consumer co-operative with a group of retail businesses, including grocery retail and wholesale, legal services, funerals and insurance, and social enterprise. The group has its headquarters located at One Angel Square in Manchester, England. The Group also manages the Co-operative Federal Trading Services, formerly the Co-operative Retail Trading Group (CRTG). History Beginnings (1844–1938) The Co-operative Group has developed over the years from the merger of co-operative wholesale society, co-operative wholesale societies and many independent retail societies. The Group's roots are traced back to the Rochdale Society of Equitable Pioneers, established in 1844. The Rochdale Society of Equitable Pioneers was based on the Rochdale Principles – which notably introduced the idea of distributing a share of profits according to purcha ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Charles Gide
Charles Gide (; 1847–1932) was a French economist and historian of economic thought. He was a professor at the University of Bordeaux, at Montpellier, at Université de Paris and finally at Collège de France. His nephew was the author André Gide. Academic work A founder of ''Revue d'économie politique'' in 1887, Gide was a proponent of the French historical school of economics. Gide supported economist Léon Walras, as they shared a social philosophy, social activism, and disdain for the "Manchester-style" economics of the ''journalistes''."History of Economic Thought" , The French Liberal School Website. Note: The French Liberal School had lost interest in serious economic theory by the 1830s. Social activism During the early 1880s Gide worked with Édouard de Boyve, founder in ...[...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
