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Clay Cross
Clay Cross is a town and a civil parish in the North East Derbyshire district of Derbyshire, England. It is a former industrial and mining town, about south of Chesterfield. It is directly on the A61. Surrounding settlements include North Wingfield, Tupton, Pilsley and Ashover. History The High Street was built over a pre-dating Roman road, that may have been called Rykneild Street, where a tollhouse (1786-1876) was situated. The discovery of coal in the area introduced the village to the Industrial Revolution. Packhorses at first transported the 'blackgold' over the Peaks on a turnpike road opened in 1756 between the iron foundries of Derby and Sheffield. Until the early 19th century, Clay Cross was a small village known as Clay Lane, but increasing demand for coal and other minerals trebled the population by 1840 , the oldest building being the George and Dragon Inn. While driving the tunnel for the North Midland Railway, George Stephenson discovered both coal and iron, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Office For National Statistics
The Office for National Statistics (ONS; ) is the executive office of the UK Statistics Authority, a non-ministerial department which reports directly to the Parliament of the United Kingdom, UK Parliament. Overview The ONS is responsible for the collection and publication of statistics related to the economy, population and society of the United Kingdom; responsibility for some areas of statistics in Scotland, Northern Ireland and Wales is devolved to the Devolution in the United Kingdom, devolved governments for those areas. The ONS functions as the executive office of the National Statistician, who is also the UK Statistics Authority's Chief Executive and principal statistical adviser to the UK's National Statistics Institute, and the 'Head Office' of the Government Statistical Service (GSS). Its main office is in Newport near the United Kingdom Intellectual Property Office and Tredegar House, but another significant office is in Titchfield in Hampshire, and a small office ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Clay Cross Tunnel
Clay Cross Tunnel is a tunnel on the Midland Main Line line near Clay Cross in Derbyshire, England. It was the most substantial single civil engineering feature present on the North Midland Railway and was one of the more ambitious railway tunnels to be built during the early development of Britain's railway network. Built to a design produced by the pioneering railway engineers George Stephenson and Robert Stephenson, the tunnel was constructed between February 1837 and August 1839 at a total cost of £105,460. Mid-way through the tunnel's excavation, the alignment had to be changed due to previously undiscovered seams of coal as well as iron ore; their presence led to the creation of a neighbouring colliery and iron works by George Stephenson. Many elements of the tunnel, such as the Grade II listed portals, have remained unaltered since their completion. Construction During the late 1830s, construction of the North Midland Railway was underway. Seeking to avoid steep gradie ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mechanics Institute
Mechanics' institutes, also known as mechanics' institutions, sometimes simply known as institutes, and also called schools of arts (especially in the Australian colonies), were educational establishments originally formed to provide adult education, particularly in technical subjects, to working men in Victorian-era Britain and its colonies. They were often funded by local industrialists on the grounds that they would ultimately benefit from having more knowledgeable and skilled employees. The mechanics' institutes often included libraries for the adult working class, and were said to provide them with an alternative pastime to gambling and drinking in pubs. Many of the original institutes included lending libraries, and the buildings of some continue to be used as libraries. Others have evolved into parts of universities, adult education facilities, theatres, cinemas, museums, recreational facilities, or community halls. Few are still referred to as mechanics' institutes, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Charles Binns
Charles Binns (c. 1786 – April 28, 1847) was a lawyer, businessman and political figure in Prince Edward Island. He represented Prince County from 1818 to 1820 and Charlottetown from 1831 to 1838 in the Legislative Assembly of Prince Edward Island. Binns, thought to have been born in Yorkshire, was trained as a lawyer in England. In 1809, he set up an agency at Charlottetown with James Bardin Palmer James Bardin Palmer (ca 1771 – March 3, 1833) was an Irish-born land agent, lawyer and politician in Prince Edward Island. He represented Charlottetown in the Legislative Assembly of Prince Edward Island from 1806 to 1818. He was born in ... intended to supply a partner in England with products exported from the island. In the same year, he married Elizabeth Clarke. After his business venture failed, Binns became a barrister on the island, acquired land there and also became a land agent for other land owners. He served as deputy colonial secretary, solicitor general fr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Clay Cross - Hall (Geograph-2159096-by-Dave-Bevis)
Clay is a type of fine-grained natural soil material containing clay minerals (hydrous aluminium phyllosilicates, e.g. kaolinite, ). Most pure clay minerals are white or light-coloured, but natural clays show a variety of colours from impurities, such as a reddish or brownish colour from small amounts of iron oxide. Clays develop plasticity (physics), plasticity when wet but can be hardened through Pottery#Firing, firing. Clay is the longest-known ceramic material. Prehistoric humans discovered the useful properties of clay and used it for making pottery. Some of the earliest pottery shards have been radiocarbon dating, dated to around 14,000 BCE, and Clay tablet, clay tablets were the first known writing medium. Clay is used in many modern industrial processes, such as paper making, cement production, and chemical filtration, filtering. Between one-half and two-thirds of the world's population live or work in buildings made with clay, often baked into brick, as an essenti ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Egstow
Egstow is an area of Clay Cross, in the North East Derbyshire district, in the county of Derbyshire, England. The civil parish of Egstow was created in 1894 from the part of the parishes of in Pilsley and Woodthorpe in Clay Cross Urban District, the parish was expanded in 1898 with an area transferred from North Wingfield, on 1 April 1935 the parish was abolished and merged with Clay Cross. In 1931 the parish had a population of 836. Egstow Hall is nearby, in the civil parish of Tupton. References * See also * List of places in Derbyshire This is a list of places in Derbyshire, England. A B C D E F G H I K L M N O P Q R S T U V W Y See also * List of settlements in Derbyshire by population * List of places fo ... External links A History of Egstow Hall Former civil parishes in Derbyshire North East Derbyshire District {{Derbyshire-geo-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ashover Light Railway
The Ashover Light Railway was a narrow gauge railway in Derbyshire, England that connected Clay Cross and Ashover. It was built by the Clay Cross Company to transport minerals such as limestone, fluorite, barytes and gritstone to its works at Clay Cross and for transport around the country by the London, Midland and Scottish Railway, LMS. History George Stephenson surveyed the route for the North Midland Railway between Derby and Leeds in the 1830s. The route passed close to Ashover where Stephenson saw the potential for the development of a coal mine, colliery. He formed George Stephenson & Company in 1837 and built a colliery and coke ovens at Clay Cross which opened in 1840. The company passed to his son Robert Stephenson on George's death in 1848, and in 1852 he sold his shares, the business becoming the Clay Cross Company, which was at one time the largest independent employer in the UK. The company continued to develop its mining interests and in 1918 it purchased the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Saint-Gobain
Compagnie de Saint-Gobain S.A. () is a French multinational corporation, founded in 1665 in Paris as the Manufacture royale de glaces de miroirs, and today headquartered on the outskirts of Paris, at La Défense and in Courbevoie. Originally a mirror manufacturer, it also produces a variety of construction, high-performance, and other materials. Saint-Gobain is present in 76 countries and employs more than 170,000 people. History 1665–1789: Manufacture royale Since the mid-17th century, luxury products such as silk textiles, lace, and mirrors were in high demand. In the 1660s, mirrors had become very popular among the upper classes of society: Italian cabinets, châteaux, ornate side tables, and pier-tables were decorated with these expensive and luxurious products. At the time, however, the French were not known for mirror technology; instead, the Republic of Venice was known as the world leader in glass manufacturing, controlling a technical and commercial monopol ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Biwater
Biwater International Limited provides large-scale water and wastewater treatment solutions. It has completed over 25,000 projects in over 90 countries, being headquartered in Surrey, England. Adrian White (businessman), Adrian White, CBE, founded Biwater in 1968, and is the Executive Chairman. White is also the founder of British Water, the United Kingdom's Water Trade Association. History Biwater was established in 1968 as Biwater Treatment Company in Beckenham, Kent, UK, by Adrian White with an authorised share capital of £100. The name 'Biwater' was derived from the idea of working with 'two waters', the treatment of wastewater and the provision of clean drinking water. In 1971, Biwater set up its global headquarters in Dorking, Surrey. In the early 1970s, Biwater identified the need to develop scalable water and wastewater treatment plants. After a number of acquisitions in 1986, Biwater developed a collective brand identity and launched the Biwater fish logo. Solutions Bi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Robert Stephenson
Robert Stephenson , (honoris causa, Hon. causa) (16 October 1803 – 12 October 1859) was an English civil engineer and designer of locomotives. The only son of George Stephenson, the "Father of Railways", he built on the achievements of his father. Robert has been called the greatest engineer of the 19th century. Stephenson's death was widely mourned, and his funeral afforded marks of public honour. He is buried in Westminster Abbey. Early life Robert Stephenson was born on 16 October 1803, at Willington Quay, east of Newcastle upon Tyne, to George Stephenson and Frances ( Henderson), usually known as Fanny. She was twelve years older than George, and when they met she was working as a servant where George was lodging. After marrying, George and Fanny lived in an upper room of a cottage; George worked as a brakesman on the Stationary steam engine, stationary winding engine on the Quay, and in his spare time he cleaned and mended clocks and repaired shoes.In 1804, George bec ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Durham, England
Durham ( , locally ) is a cathedral city and civil parish in the county of County Durham, Durham, England. It is the county town and contains the headquarters of Durham County Council, the unitary authority which governs the district of County Durham (district), County Durham. The built-up area had a population of 50,510 at the 2021 Census. The city was built on a meander of the River Wear, which surrounds the centre on three sides and creates a narrow neck on the fourth. The surrounding land is hilly, except along the Wear's floodplain to the north and southeast. Durham was founded in 995 by Anglo-Saxon monks seeking a place safe from Viking Age, Viking raids to house the relics of St Cuthbert. The church the monks built lasted only a century, as it was replaced by the present Durham Cathedral after the Norman Conquest; together with Durham Castle it is a UNESCO World Heritage Site. From the 1070s until 1836 the city was part of the County Palatine of Durham, a semi-independ ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
