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Clara Barton
Clarissa Harlowe Barton (December 25, 1821 – April 12, 1912) was an American nurse who founded the American Red Cross. She was a hospital nurse in the American Civil War, a teacher, and a patent clerk. Since nursing education was not then very formalized and she did not attend nursing school, she provided self-taught nursing care. Barton is noteworthy for doing humanitarian work and civil rights advocacy at a time before women had the right to vote. She was inducted into the National Women's Hall of Fame in 1973. Early life Clarissa Harlowe Barton was born on December 25, 1821, in North Oxford, Massachusetts, a small farming community. She was named after the titular character of Samuel Richardson's novel ''Clarissa; or, The History of a Young Lady, Clarissa''. Her father was Captain Stephen Barton, a member of the local militia and a selectman who influenced his daughter's patriotism and humanitarianism. He was a soldier under the command of General Anthony Wayne in his violent ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
North Oxford, Massachusetts
Oxford is a town in Worcester County, Massachusetts, United States. The population was 13,347 as of the 2020 United States Census. It was the birthplace of Clara Barton, the first president and founder of the American Red Cross. History Pre-Colonial Era Present day Oxford and the areas surrounding it were inhabited for thousands of years before European colonization. Although archaeological sites exist in Central Massachusetts dating back to the Paleoindian period (12,000-9000 years before present) there are much more abundant archaeological remains starting in the period from 6500 to 3000 years before present, including an arrowhead identified in Oxford Massachusetts.Massachusetts Historical Commission State Survey Team, Feb 1985. "Historical and Archaeological Resources of Central Massachusetts: A Framework for Preservation Decisions." Accessed 7/3/2024 from: https://www.sec.state.ma.us/mhc/mhchpp/RegReconnRpts.htm An arrowhead collected at an archaeological site in Oxford h ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
United States Patent And Trademark Office
The United States Patent and Trademark Office (USPTO) is an List of federal agencies in the United States, agency in the United States Department of Commerce, U.S. Department of Commerce that serves as the national patent office and trademark registration authority for the United States. The USPTO's headquarters are in Alexandria, Virginia, after a 2005 move from the Crystal City, Virginia, Crystal City area of neighboring Arlington County, Virginia, Arlington, Virginia. The USPTO is "unique among federal agencies because it operates solely on fees collected by its users, and not on taxpayer dollars". Its "operating structure is like a business in that it receives requests for services—applications for patents and trademark registrations—and charges fees projected to cover the cost of performing the services [it] provide[s]". The office is headed by the Under Secretary of Commerce for Intellectual Property, under secretary of commerce for intellectual property and directo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Battle Of Fredericksburg
The Battle of Fredericksburg was fought December 11–15, 1862, in and around Fredericksburg, Virginia, in the Eastern Theater of the American Civil War. The combat between the Union Army, Union Army of the Potomac commanded by Major general (United States), Maj. Gen. Ambrose Burnside and the Confederate States Army, Confederate Army of Northern Virginia under General officers in the Confederate States Army#General, Gen. Robert E. Lee included futile frontal attacks by the Union army on December 13 against entrenched Confederate States of America, Confederate against a feature of the battlefield that came to be remembered as the 'sunken wall' on the heights overlooking the city. It is remembered as one of the most one-sided battles of the war, with Union casualties more than twice as heavy as those suffered by the Confederates. A visitor to the battlefield described the battle as a "butchery" to President of the United States, U.S. President Abraham Lincoln. Burnside planned to ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Battle Of Antietam
The Battle of Antietam ( ), also called the Battle of Sharpsburg, particularly in the Southern United States, took place during the American Civil War on September 17, 1862, between Confederate General Robert E. Lee's Army of Northern Virginia and Union Major General George B. McClellan's Army of the Potomac near Sharpsburg, Maryland, and Antietam Creek. Part of the Maryland Campaign, it was the first field army–level engagement in the Eastern Theater of the American Civil War to take place on Union soil. It remains the bloodiest day in American history, with a tally of 22,727 dead, wounded, or missing on both sides. Although the Union Army suffered heavier casualties than the Confederates, the battle was a major turning point in the Union's favor. After pursuing Confederate General Robert E. Lee into Maryland, Major General George B. McClellan of the Union Army launched attacks against Lee's army who were in defensive positions behind Antietam Creek. At dawn on Se ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Second Battle Of Bull Run
The Second Battle of Bull Run or Battle of Second Manassas was fought August 28–30, 1862, in Prince William County, Virginia, as part of the American Civil War. It was the culmination of the Northern Virginia Campaign waged by Confederate States Army, Confederate General (CSA), Gen. Robert E. Lee's Army of Northern Virginia against Union Army, Union Major General (CSA), Maj. Gen. John Pope (general), John Pope's Army of Virginia, and a battle of much larger scale and numbers than the First Battle of Bull Run (or First Manassas) fought on July 21, 1861, on the same ground. Following a wide-ranging Flanking maneuver, flanking march, Confederate Maj. Gen. Stonewall Jackson, Thomas J. "Stonewall" Jackson captured the Union supply depot at Manassas, Virginia, Manassas Junction, threatening Pope's line of communications with Washington, D.C. Withdrawing a few miles to the northwest, Jackson took up strong concealed defensive positions on Stony Ridge and awaited the arrival of the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Battle Of Cedar Mountain
The Battle of Cedar Mountain, also known as Slaughter's Mountain or Cedar Run, took place on August 9, 1862, in Culpeper County, Virginia, Culpeper County, Virginia, as part of the American Civil War. Union Army, Union forces under Major general (United States), Maj. Gen. Nathaniel P. Banks attacked Confederate States Army, Confederate forces under Major General (CSA), Maj. Gen. Stonewall Jackson, Thomas J. "Stonewall" Jackson near Cedar Mountain, Virginia, Cedar Mountain as the Confederates marched on Culpeper, Virginia, Culpeper Court House to forestall a Union advance into central Virginia. After nearly being driven from the field in the early part of the battle, a Confederate counterattack broke the Union lines resulting in a Confederate victory. The battle was the first combat of the Northern Virginia campaign. Background On June 26, Maj. Gen. John Pope (general), John Pope was placed in command of the newly constituted Union Army, Union Army of Virginia. Pope deployed h ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
First Battle Of Bull Run
The First Battle of Bull Run, called the Battle of First Manassas . by Confederate States Army, Confederate forces, was the first major battle of the American Civil War. The battle was fought on July 21, 1861, in Prince William County, Virginia, just north of what is now the city of Manassas, Virginia, Manassas and about thirty miles west-southwest of Washington, D.C. The Union Army was slow in positioning themselves, allowing Confederate reinforcements time to arrive by rail. Each side had about 18,000 poorly trained and poorly led troops. The battle was a Confederate victory and was followed by a disorganized post-battle retreat of the Union forces. Just months after the start of the war at Battle of Fort Sumter, Fort Sumter, the northern public clamored for a march against the Confederate capital of Richmond, Virginia, whic ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Henry Wilson
Henry Wilson (born Jeremiah Jones Colbath; February 16, 1812 – November 22, 1875) was the 18th vice president of the United States, serving from 1873 until his death in 1875, and a United States Senate, senator from Massachusetts from 1855 to 1873. Before and during the American Civil War, he was a leading Republican Party (United States), Republican, and a strong opponent of Slavery in the United States, slavery. Wilson devoted his energies to the destruction of "Slave Power", the faction of slave owners and their political allies which anti-slavery Americans saw as dominating the country. Originally a Whig Party (United States), Whig, Wilson was a founder of the Free Soil Party in 1848. He served as the party chairman before and during the 1852 United States presidential election, 1852 presidential election. Wilson worked diligently to build an anti-slavery coalition, which came to include the Free Soil Party, anti-slavery Democratic Party (United States), Democrats, New Yor ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Quartermaster
Quartermaster is a military term, the meaning of which depends on the country and service. In land army, armies, a quartermaster is an officer who supervises military logistics, logistics and requisitions, manages stores or barracks, and distributes materiel, supplies and wikt:provision, provisions. In many navy, navies, a quartermaster is a seaman or petty officer with responsibility for navigation and operation of the helm of a ship. The term appears to derive from the title of a German royal official, the . This term meant "master of quarters" (where "quarters" refers to lodging or accommodation). Alternatively, it could have been derived from "master of the quarterdeck" where the helmsman and captain controlled the ship. The term's first use in English was as a naval term, which entered English in the 15th century via the equivalent #French Navy, French and Dutch naval titles and , respectively. The term began to refer to army officers in English around 1600. Army use Fo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ladies' Aid Society
Ladies' aid societies or soldiers' aid societies were organizations of women formed during the American Civil War that were dedicated to providing supplies to soldiers on the battlefield and caring for sick and wounded soldiers. Over the course of the war, between 7,000 and 20,000 ladies' aid societies were established.Blair, William (2000). ''Making and remaking Pennsylvania's Civil War''. University Park, Pa.: Pennsylvania State Univ. Press. p. 273. . The work these women did in providing sanitary supplies and blankets to soldiers helped lessen Medicine in the American Civil War, the spread of diseases during the Civil War. In the Union (American Civil War), North, their work was supported by the United States Sanitary Commission, U.S. Sanitary Commission. At the end of the war, many ladies' aid societies in Southern United States, the South transformed into memorial associations.Frank, Lisa Tendrich (2008). ''Women in the American Civil War''. Santa Barbara, Calif.: ABC-CLIO. p. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
6th Regiment Massachusetts Volunteer Militia
The 6th Regiment Massachusetts Volunteer Militia was a peacetime infantry regiment that was activated for federal service in the Union (American Civil War), Union army for three separate terms during the American Civil War (1861-1865). The regiment gained notoriety as the first unit in the Union Army to suffer fatal casualties in action during the Civil War in the Baltimore riot of 1861, Baltimore Riot and the first militia unit to arrive in Washington, D.C., Washington D.C., in response to President Abraham Lincoln, Abraham Lincoln's initial President Lincoln's 75,000 volunteers, call for 75,000 troops. Private Luther C. Ladd of the 6th Massachusetts is often referred to as the first Union soldier killed in action during the war. In the years immediately preceding the war and during its first enlistment, the regiment consisted primarily of Company (military unit), companies from Middlesex County, Massachusetts, Middlesex County. During its first term of service, four out of t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Baltimore Riot Of 1861
The Baltimore riot of 1861 (also called the "Pratt Street Riots" and the "Pratt Street Massacre") was a civil conflict on Friday, April 19, 1861, on Pratt Street, Baltimore, Maryland. It occurred between antiwar "Copperhead" Democrats (the largest party in Maryland) and other Confederate sympathizers on one side, and on the other, members of Massachusetts and Pennsylvania state militia regiments en route to the national capital at Washington who had been called up for federal service. The fighting began at the President Street Station, spreading throughout President Street and subsequently to Howard Street, where it ended at the Camden Street Station. The riot produced the first deaths of Union volunteers by hostile action, although caused by civilians, in the American Civil War. Civilians among the attackers also were killed. Background In 1861, many Baltimoreans did not support a violent conflict with their southern neighbors and some of them strongly sympathized with t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
