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Citadel Of Barcelona
The Citadel of Barcelona (in Spanish, ''Ciudadela de Barcelona''; in Catalan, ''Fortalesa de la Ciutadella'') was a bastion fort citadel built in Barcelona. The works commenced in 1714 and, at the time of its construction, it was the largest fortress in Europe, capable of housing 8,000 troops. It was designed by the military engineer Marquis of Verboom, who would also, in 1718, be appointed the Citadel's first governor. Although its fortifications were dismantled in the mid-19th century, some of its original buildings still remain, including its arsenal, today the Palau del Parlament de Catalunya, the seat of the Catalan Parliament. The rest of the site was converted into the city's main central park, the Parc de la Ciutadella, by the architect Josep Fontserè i Mestre, Josep Fontserè in 1872. Background The city of Barcelona is flanked on its southwestern edge by Montjuïc, the hill from which Montjuïc Castle takes its name. During the Reapers' War, Catalan Revolt (1640), ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Planta De La Ciutadella (segle XVIII)
Planta may refer to: Places *Planta, Suwałki County, Podlaskie Voivodeship, Poland *Planta, Hajnówka County, Podlaskie Voivodeship, Poland *Planta, Lublin Voivodeship, Poland *Planta, Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship, Poland People Other *Battle on the Planta, fought in November 1475 as part of the Burgundian Wars *Planta Margarine Planta is a brand of margarine produced by Upfield for Belgium, France, Malaysia and Portugal. It is made from vegetable oil: rapeseed, maize and sunflower. History Planta was the first margarine to be imported into Malaysia in 1930. With an estim ..., the first margarine to be imported into Malaysia in 1930 * ''Planta'' (journal), a journal of plant biology * ''Planta'' (album), an album by CSS * "Planta" (song), a 1995 song by Soda Stereo {{disambiguation, surname, geo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
War Of The Spanish Succession
The War of the Spanish Succession was a European great power conflict that took place from 1701 to 1714. The death of childless Charles II of Spain in November 1700 led to a struggle for control of the Spanish Empire between his heirs, Philip V of Spain, Philip of Anjou and Charles VI, Holy Roman Emperor, Charles of Austria, and their respective supporters, among them Spanish Empire, Spain, Habsburg monarchy, Austria, Kingdom of France, France, the Dutch Republic, Savoyard state, Savoy and Kingdom of Great Britain, Great Britain. Related conflicts include the 1700–1721 Great Northern War, Rákóczi's War of Independence in Kingdom of Hungary (1526–1867), Hungary, the Camisards revolt in southern France, Queen Anne's War in North America and minor trade wars in colonial India, India and New Spain, South America. Although weakened by over a century of continuous conflict, Spain remained a global power whose territories included the Spanish Netherlands, large parts of Italy, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Charles Oman
Sir Charles William Chadwick Oman, (12 January 1860 – 23 June 1946) was a British military historian. His reconstructions of medieval battles from the fragmentary and distorted accounts left by chroniclers were pioneering. Occasionally his interpretations have been challenged, especially his widely copied thesis that British troops defeated their Napoleonic opponents by firepower alone. Paddy Griffith, among modern historians, claims that the British infantry's discipline and willingness to attack were equally important. Early life Oman was born in Muzaffarpur district, India, the son of a British planter, and was educated at Winchester College and at the University of Oxford, where he studied under William Stubbs. Here, he was invited to become a founding member of the Stubbs Society, which was under Stubbs's patronage. Career In 1881 he was elected to a Prize Fellowship at All Souls College, where he remained for the rest of his academic career. He was elected the Chichel ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Giuseppe Lechi
Giuseppe ("Joseph") Lechi (5 December 1766 – 9 August 1836) was an Italian general in the Kingdom of Italy during the Napoleonic Wars. Biography Born in Aspes and being the first son of Faustino Lechi and his wife Doralice Bielli, the general Giuseppe Lechi was already considered a man of great light and shadows ("dark and gloomy"), reckless and unscrupulous similar to his uncle the Count Galliano Lechi, who was very dear, and a model, to Giuseppe. His grandfather Pietro was a famous Freemason and a follower of the Enlightenment. Born a subject of the Most Serene Republic of Venice, he undertook the military career in the Austrian army up to the rank of captain. On the arrival of Napoleon in Italy, influenced also by his brother Giacomo, Giuseppe organized with his other brothers Teodoro and Angelo and other friends – all of them members of the "Casino dei Buoni Amici" free-masonnic secret society – the Bresciana revolution of 18 March 1797. Giuseppe entered the te ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Guillaume Philibert Duhesme
Guillaume Philibert, 1st Count Duhesme (7 July 1766 in Mercurey (formerly ''Bourgneuf''), Burgundy – 20 June 1815 near Waterloo) was a French general during the Napoleonic Wars. Revolution Duhesme studied law and in 1792 was made colonel of a free corps by Charles-François Dumouriez, which he raised by his own means. As commander at Roermond, he held the post of Herstal, an important passage to the Netherlands, and burned the bridge of Leau after the defeat at Neerwinden on 18 March 1793. He then crossed the Schelde and at the Battle of Villeneuve rallied the fleeing infantry (6 July), for which action he was made brigadier general. He also contributed greatly to the victory at the Fleurus on 26 July 1794 and besieged Maastricht under Kléber, and was promoted to general of division. He fought in the Vendée in 1795, and later at the Rhine, where he forced the passage over the river on 20 April 1797 below Kehl. In 1798 he was given a command in Italy under ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ciutat Vella
Ciutat Vella (, meaning in English "Old City") is a district of Barcelona, numbered District 1. The name means "old city" in Catalan and refers to the oldest neighborhoods in the city of Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain. ''Ciutat Vella'' is nestled between the Mediterranean Sea and the neighborhood called ''l' Eixample'' ("the Extension"). There are four administrative neighborhoods (some of them include former or traditional neighborhoods): *La Barceloneta * El Gòtic *El Raval * Sant Pere, Santa Caterina i la Ribera: **Sant Pere **Santa Caterina ** La Ribera Les Rambles Running down the center of the ''Ciutat Vella'' (dividing the ''Raval'' and ''Barri Gòtic'') are the boulevards ''Les Rambles'', popularly known as '' La Rambla'' (in singular) since they are continuous, like a single street. ''Les Rambles'' stretches from '' Plaça Catalunya'' to the Mediterranean Sea and, since the 1990s, now extends out over the sea into one of Barcelona's newest centers of entertainm ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Juan Martín Cermeño
Juan Martín Cermeño, Zermeño (Ciudad Rodrigo, Salamanca, 1700 - Barcelona, 1773) was a Spanish architect, military engineer and lieutenant general. Life and work Juan Martín Cermeño, son of Domingo Martín Báez and Isabel Fernández Cermeño was born in Ciudad Rodrigo. In 1719 he joined the Royal Engineers Corps. He reached the rank of field marshal in 1748, between 1749 and 1756 he had been an acting general commander of the military engineers. From a young age he began collaborating in construction works. In 1721 Cermano reformed the entire exterior circuit of the Old Town Melilla. Cermeño also got married with Antonia de Paredes Fernández, in Melilla, and his son Pedro Martín Cermeño was born in the year 1722. In 1727 he participated in the siege of Gibraltar. In 1749, Cermeño was appointed General Commander of the Engineers. The Captain General of Catalonia, Jaime de Guzmán y Spinola, II Marquis of la Mina commissioned him to lay out a new neighborhood in Barc ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jaime De Guzmán-Dávalos Y Spínola
Jaime de Guzmán y Spinola, II Marquis of la Mina (1690–1767) was a Spanish Army commander and Captain General of Catalonia. He was also the fifth Count of Pezuela de las Torres, near Alcalá de Henares. Biography He was born in Seville. As a young soldier, Jaime de Guzmán y Spinola fought for Philip of Bourbon in the War of Spanish Succession and participated in the attack on Sardinia and Sicily during the War of the Quadruple Alliance. After the war he was appointed ambassador to France (1736–1740). During this period, Mina corresponded frequently with the French Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs, Amelot, to negotiate a mutual defence treaty between Spain and France, following the War of the Polish Succession. Vicente Algueró, Felipe José de"Jaime Miguel de Guzmán Dávalos y Spínola".''Diccionario Biográfico electrónico''. Real Academia de la Historia. Retrieved 12 February 2023. In 1738 he was made a Knight in the Order of the Golden Fleece, Spain's highe ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Francisco Pío De Saboya Y Moura
Francesco Pio de Savoya y de Moura (1672–1723) was a Spanish nobleman who held numerous hereditary and awarded titles. He was the 4th Duke of Nochera. Life Francesco was born in 1672 to Gilberto Pio de Savoya, who died when he was just four years old. The young Francesco therefore became the 4th Duke of Nocera, 2nd Principe di San Gregorio and Marchese di Casape. From his mother, he inherited the title of 6th Marques of Castelrodrigo. He had a distinguished military career, being made a Field Marshal of the Imperial Spanish Army in 1705, inducted into the Order of the Golden Fleece in 1708 and made a Grandee of Spain in 1720. He went on to hold various governmental positions including Governor-General of the Kingdom of Sicily, Governor of Madrid and Captain-General of Catalonia. He married some time before 1712 to Juana Spínola Colonna y de la Cerda (1683–1738), herself a scion of Spanish nobility, and they had 3 daughters: Margherita Eleonora, Lucrezia and Isabel ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
City Council Of Barcelona
The City Council of Barcelona (Catalan: ''Ajuntament de Barcelona''; Spanish: ''Ayuntamiento de Barcelona'') is the top-tier administrative and governing body of the municipality of Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain. In terms of political structure, it consists of the invested Mayor of Barcelona, currently Ada Colau, the Government Commission, and an elected 41-member deliberative Plenary (''Consell Municipal'') with scrutiny powers. Mayor The Mayor is elected by the members of the plenary among its members the day the new municipal corporation is formed after the local election. The officeholder has a mandate for the 4-year duration of the elected body. If the Mayor leaves office ahead of time a new voting may take place among the plenary members in order to invest a new mayor (meanwhile, another local councillor, conventionally the first deputy mayor, may act as acting Mayor). Since 13 June 2015 the Mayor is Ada Colau. The opening session in which the Mayor is invested is tradi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
La Ribera
La Ribera (, 'The Shore') is one of the areas of the quarter of Sant Pere, Santa Caterina i la Ribera of Ciutat Vella ("the old city") of Barcelona. Overview Many of the buildings date from late Medieval times. It was a well-to-do quarter during 13th–15th centuries, when it really was by the sea shore, and the area that today is named Barceloneta was still an island. Notable buildings are the Basilica de Santa Maria del Mar and the palaces along Carrer de Montcada, including the Museu Picasso, the Museu Barbier-Mueller d'Art Precolombí, and part of the Textile Museum. The former market hall Mercat del Born covers archaeological ruins which were part of the La Ribera district that was demolished after the Siege of Barcelona (1713–14) and the defeat of Catalonia in the War of Succession. Another place of interest is the Fossar de les Moreres, the site of a mass grave of Catalan soldiers fallen during the siege of 1714. Part of the quarter of La Ribera was demolished after 1 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Philip V Of Spain
Philip V ( es, Felipe; 19 December 1683 – 9 July 1746) was King of Spain from 1 November 1700 to 14 January 1724, and again from 6 September 1724 to his death in 1746. His total reign of 45 years is the longest in the history of the Spanish monarchy. Philip instigated many important reforms in Spain, most especially the centralization of power of the monarchy and the suppression of regional privileges, via the Nueva Planta decrees, and restructuring of the administration of the Spanish Empire on the Iberian peninsula and its overseas regions. Philip was born into the French royal family (as Philippe, Duke of Anjou) during the reign of his grandfather, King Louis XIV. He was the second son of Louis, Grand Dauphin, and was third in line to the French throne after his father and his elder brother, Louis, Duke of Burgundy. Philip was not expected to become a monarch, but his great-uncle Charles II of Spain was childless. Philip's father had a strong claim to the Spanish thron ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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