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Circassian Language
Circassian may refer to: * Circassia, a former geographical region located in present-day European Russia, Northern Caucasus ** Circassian coast, on the Black Sea * Circassians, also known as Adyghe people ** Circassian diaspora * Circassian language, a Northwest Caucasian language or subgroup of languages * Circassians (historical ethnonym), a term used to denominate different peoples of the Black Sea shore and the Northern Caucasus Other uses * USS ''Circassian'' (1862), a Union Navy steamship in the American Civil War See also * * Cerchez (other) Cerchez, Cherchez and Cerkez are Romanian words meaning "Circassians, Circassian". The Circassians were a prominent minority in Northern Dobruja during the 19th century. This region now belongs to Romania. Cerchez, and its variations, may refer to: ... {{disambig Language and nationality disambiguation pages ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Circassia
Circassia ( ), also known as Zichia, was a country and a historical region in . It spanned the western coastal portions of the North Caucasus, along the northeastern shore of the Black Sea. Circassia was conquered by the Russian Empire during the Russo-Circassian War (1763–1864), after which approximately 80–97% of the Circassians, Circassian people were either exiled or massacred in the Circassian genocide. In the medieval era, Circassia was nominally ruled by an elected Grand Prince, but individual principalities and tribes were autonomous. In the 18th–19th centuries, List of leaders of the Circassian Confederation, a central government began to form. The Circassians also dominated the northern end of the Kuban (river), Kuban River, but were eventually pushed back to the south of the Kuban after suffering losses to military raids conducted by the Mongol Empire, the Golden Horde, and the Crimean Khanate. Their reduced borders then stretched from the Taman Peninsula to No ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Circassian Coast
Russian Black Sea coast () also rarely Circassian coast (, ; , ) was the coast of historical Circassia on the Black Sea before 1864, extending from Anapa in the north to Adler in the south, and including cities like Tuapse and Sochi. The coastline was ceded to Russia in 1829 as a result of the Caucasian War and the Russo-Turkish War, However, in 1828 the Circassians did not admit Russian control over Circassia because Circassia was not considered a part of the Ottoman Empire, instead claiming the Circassians were the real owners of Circassia. Thus, they kept resisting the newly established Russian outposts along the coast and the inner lands in the Russian–Circassian War.Exposition of the Historical Museum of Sochi, partly reflected in Russian iИстория Сочи (History of Sochi) at the official site of the city information from the Historical Museum ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Circassians
The Circassians or Circassian people, also called Cherkess or Adyghe (Adyghe language, Adyghe and ), are a Northwest Caucasian languages, Northwest Caucasian ethnic group and nation who originated in Circassia, a region and former country in the North Caucasus. As a consequence of the Circassian genocide, which was perpetrated by the Russian Empire during the Russo-Circassian War in the 19th century, most of the Circassian people were exiled from their ancestral homeland and consequently began living in what was then the Ottoman Empire—that is, modern-day Turkey and the rest of the Middle East. In the early 1990s, the Unrepresented Nations and Peoples Organization estimated that there are as many as 3.7 million Circassian diaspora, Circassians in diaspora in over 50 countries. The two Circassian languages—western Adyghe language, Adyghe and eastern Kabardian language, Kabardian—are natively spoken by the Circassian people. After the Russian Empire's war crimes and forced ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Circassian Diaspora
The Circassian diaspora are ethnic Circassians around the world who were driven from Circassia during the late nineteenth and early twentieth century. From 1763 to 1864, the Circassians fought against the Russian Empire in the Russian-Circassian War which ended in a genocide campaign initiated between 1862 and 1864. Large numbers of Circassians were exiled and deported to the Ottoman Empire and nearby regions; others were resettled in Russia far from their homeland. Circassians live in more than fifty countries, besides the Republic of Adygea. Total population estimates differ: according to some sources, some two million Circassians live in Turkey, Jordan, Syria, and Iraq;Richmond 172-73. other sources say between one and four million live in Turkey alone. Middle East A large number of Circassians began arriving in the Levant in the 1860s and 1870s through resettlement by the Ottoman Empire for political or military reasons (in many cases). The Ottomans settled them in areas ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Circassian Language
Circassian (; ), also known as Cherkess ( ), is a subdivision of the Northwest Caucasian language family, spoken by the Circassian people. There are two main variants of the Circassian language, defined by their literary standards, Adyghe (; also known as West Circassian) and Kabardian (; also known as East Circassian). The languages are highly mutually intelligible with one another, but differ to a degree where they would be considered clear-cut dialects. The earliest extant written records of the Circassian language are in the Arabic script, recorded by the Turkish traveller Evliya Çelebi in the 17th century,Papşu, Murat (2006)Çerkes-Adığe yazısının tarihçesi". ''Nart, İki Aylık Düşün ve Kültür Dergisi'', Sayı 51, Eylül-Ekim 2006. although the Greek and Georgian alphabets were adapted for them in ancient and medieval times. There is consensus among the linguistic community about the fact that Adyghe and Kabardian are typologically distinct languages. How ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Circassians (historical Ethnonym)
Circassians is a broad ethnonym of the Turkic origin, which in Russia, Turkey and Persia used to be, and in the case of Turkey is now, applied to peoples of different ethnicities living on the North Eastern and Eastern shores of the Black Sea, and in the Northern Caucasus.Эпиграфические памятники Северного Кавказа. — М.: Наука, 1966. Ч. I. — С. 202 Origin Prominent Soviet professor of Caucasian studies Volkova wrote:The origin of the term Circassian, with its ethnical nature coming only from the Turkic roots, was related to some political events of the 13th century.In the Russian letopis of the 16th century, when describing events of 1152, name "''Circassians"'' is mentioned as another name for Turkic vassals of Kievan princes — ''"Black Klobukhs"'' — consisting of Turkic tribes of Torks, Pechenegs, Berendei and Kovuy (often identified as Kayi). Circassians are mentioned as one of the peoples of the Golden Horde in 1346, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
USS Circassian (1862)
USS ''Circassian'' was a large steamer captured by the Union Navy during the American Civil War. She was used by the Union Navy as a supply ship for ships on the blockade of the ports and waterways of the Confederate States of America. The ship was named after the Circassians. Service history ''Circassian'', an iron screw steamer, was captured 4 May 1862 by ; purchased from the prize court at Key West, Florida, 8 November 1862; outfitted at New York Navy Yard; and commissioned 12 December 1862, Acting Volunteer Lieutenant W. B. Eaton in command. ''Circassian'' served as supply ship for the East and West Gulf Blockading Squadrons. Between 17 December 1862 and 11 April 1865 she completed nine cruises from New York City or Boston, Massachusetts, delivering supplies to ships and stations along the Atlantic coast and in the Gulf of Mexico as far west as Galveston, Texas, and up the Mississippi River to New Orleans, Louisiana. On return trips she carried men due to be discharg ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cerchez (other)
Cerchez, Cherchez and Cerkez are Romanian words meaning "Circassians, Circassian". The Circassians were a prominent minority in Northern Dobruja during the 19th century. This region now belongs to Romania. Cerchez, and its variations, may refer to: * Cerchez (surname), a Romanian surname * Cerchez (river), a Romanian river * Cerchezu (formerly known as ''Cerchezchioi''), a commune in Constanța County named after the Circassians * Slava Cercheză, a commune in Tulcea County named after the Circassians * ''Cerchez'', the Romanian name of Cherkesy, Odesa Oblast, Cherkesy, a Ukrainian village in the Odesa Oblast * Cerchez & Co., the first Romanian aircraft company, aerodrome and flight school, named after its founder Mihail Cerchez See also * Circassian (other) * Circassians in Romania {{Disambiguation ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
