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Choynimni Language
Choynimni (also spelled Choinumne) is a dialect of Kings River Yokuts historically spoken along the Kings River between Sanger and Mill Creek (near Piedra). The language is the best documented dialect of Kings River Yokuts. Information on the language was collected by Clinton Hart Merriam and Stanley Newman. Fluent speakers Jennie Irene Oliver, one of the last fully fluent speaker of Choynimni died in 2022 at the age of 83. Living members of the tribe retain knowledge of Choynimni including an estimated half dozen speakers. Revitalization effort Efforts to revitalize the language have been organized through the California State University, Fresno California State University, Fresno (Fresno State) is a public university in Fresno, California, United States. It is part of the California State University system. The university had a fall 2020 enrollment of 25,341 students. It offers 60 ba ... Department of Linguistics. References Endangered Yokutsan languages ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kings River Yokuts
Kings River was a dialect of the Yokutsan language of California. Dialects There were four dialects of Kings River, ''Chukaymina, Michahay, Ayitcha'' ( ''Kocheyali),'' and '' Choynimni''. References External links Kings River Yokuts, California Language Archive* {{Languages of California Yokutsan languages Extinct languages of North America Kings River (California) ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Yok-Utian Languages
Yok-Utian is a proposed language family of California. It consists of the Yokuts language and the Utian language family. While connections between Yokuts and Utian languages were noticed through attempts to reconstruct their proto-languages in 1986,Whistler, Kenneth & Golla, Victor. (1986)Proto-Yokuts Reconsidered.''International Journal of American Linguistics, 52'', 317-358. it was not until 1991 that Yok-Utian was proposed and named by Geoffrey Gamble.Golla, Victor. (2011). ''California Indian Languages''. University of California Press, Berkeley, Los Angeles, London. 130, 147-168, 252-253. .Callaghan, Catherine. (1997)Evidence for Yok-Utian.''International Journal of American Linguistics, 63,'' 18-64. Yok-Utian has been further supported by Catherine Callaghan, who has argued for the family's existence on the basis of lexical, morphological, and phonological similarities between the reconstructed proto-languages.Callaghan, Catherine. (2001)More Evidence for Yok-Utian: A Rean ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Yokuts Language
Yokuts, formerly known as Mariposa, is an endangered language spoken in the interior of Northern and Central California in and around the San Joaquin Valley by the Yokuts people. The speakers of Yokuts were severely affected by disease, missionary, missionaries, and the Gold Rush. While descendants of Yokuts speakers currently number in the thousands, all constituent dialects apart from Valley Yokuts are now Extinct language, extinct. The Yawelmani dialect of Valley Yokuts has been a focus of much Linguistics, linguistic research. Dialect The Yokuts language consists of half a dozen primary dialects. An estimated forty linguistically distinct groups existed before Euro-American contact. * Yokuts ** Poso Creek *** Palewyami Yokuts ( Poso Creek, Altinin) ** General Yokuts (all others) *** Buena Vista Yokuts, Buena Vista **** Tulamni **** Hometwoli dialect, Hometwali *** Nim **** Tule-Kaweah Yokuts, Tule–Kaweah ***** Wukchumni dialect, Wukchumni ***** Yawdanchi d ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Choinumni
The Choinumni were one of the many tribes of the Yokuts people that live in the San Joaquin Valley of California. The Choinumni lived on the Kings River. Their culture is especially well known from the account of Thomas Jefferson Mayfield Thomas Jefferson Mayfield (1843–1928) led a remarkable double life in the early decades of California statehood, living his boyhood as an adopted member of the Choinumni (Choinumne) branch of the Yokuts tribe in the San Joaquin Valley, then rejoi ... who was raised among them, at a village, opposite the mouth of Sycamore Creek, on the south bank of the Kings River, just above, what is now Trimmer, California in the 1850s until 1861. They spoke the Choynimni language. External links THE HISTORICAL MARKER DATABASE: Choinumni Marker Yokuts Indigenous peoples of California {{NorthAm-native-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
California
California () is a U.S. state, state in the Western United States that lies on the West Coast of the United States, Pacific Coast. It borders Oregon to the north, Nevada and Arizona to the east, and shares Mexico–United States border, an international border with the Mexico, Mexican state of Baja California to the south. With almost 40million residents across an area of , it is the List of states and territories of the United States by population, largest state by population and List of U.S. states and territories by area, third-largest by area. Prior to European colonization of the Americas, European colonization, California was one of the most culturally and linguistically diverse areas in pre-Columbian North America. European exploration in the 16th and 17th centuries led to the colonization by the Spanish Empire. The area became a part of Mexico in 1821, following Mexican War of Independence, its successful war for independence, but Mexican Cession, was ceded to the U ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
United States
The United States of America (USA), also known as the United States (U.S.) or America, is a country primarily located in North America. It is a federal republic of 50 U.S. state, states and a federal capital district, Washington, D.C. The 48 contiguous states border Canada to the north and Mexico to the south, with the semi-exclave of Alaska in the northwest and the archipelago of Hawaii in the Pacific Ocean. The United States asserts sovereignty over five Territories of the United States, major island territories and United States Minor Outlying Islands, various uninhabited islands in Oceania and the Caribbean. It is a megadiverse country, with the world's List of countries and dependencies by area, third-largest land area and List of countries and dependencies by population, third-largest population, exceeding 340 million. Its three Metropolitan statistical areas by population, largest metropolitan areas are New York metropolitan area, New York, Greater Los Angeles, Los Angel ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kings River (California)
The Kings River () is a river draining the Sierra Nevada mountain range in central California in the United States. Its headwaters originate along the Sierra Crest in and around Kings Canyon National Park and form Kings Canyon, one of the deepest river gorges in North America. The river is impounded in Pine Flat Lake before flowing into the San Joaquin Valley (the southern half of the Central Valley) southeast of Fresno. With its upper and middle course in Fresno County, the Kings River diverges into multiple branches in Kings County, with some water flowing south to the old Tulare Lake bed and the rest flowing north to the San Joaquin River. However, most of the water is consumed for irrigation well upstream of either point. Inhabited for thousands of years by the Yokuts and other native groups, the Kings River basin once fed a vast network of seasonal wetlands around Tulare Lake that supported millions of waterfowl, fish, and game animals, in turn providing sustenan ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sanger, California
Sanger is a city in Fresno County, California, United States. The population was 26,617 at the 2020 census, up from 24,270 at the 2010 census. Sanger is located east-southeast of Fresno, at an elevation of 371 feet (113 m). Eponym Sanger is named for Joseph Sanger Jr., an official of the Pacific Improvement Company, which was an affiliate of the Southern Pacific Railroad. Geography According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of , all land. History Yokuts inhabited the area. In 1886, the Southern Pacific Company referred to the area as Sanger Junction, concerning plans to improve access to the fertile land. Later the area was known simply as Sanger. The name commemorates Joseph Sanger Jr., secretary-treasurer of the Railroad Yardmasters Association, who visited California in 1887. In 1888, the Pacific Improvement Company owned and sold lots on the site and the first post office opened. In 1890, the Kings River Lumber Company built a 62-m ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Piedra, California
Piedra (Spanish for "Stone") is an unincorporated community in Fresno County, California. It is located on the south bank of the Kings River east of Fresno, at an elevation of 538 feet (164 m). History In 1911, the Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fe Railroad built a branch line to a nearby quarry and bestowed the name "Piedra", Spanish for "rock" or "stone". In 1965 this line was abandoned and pulled up. The town was variously known as "Del Piedra" and "Delpiedra" before the name was standardized to Piedra. The Delpiedra post office operated from 1920 to 1943. The Piedra post office was established in 1949. Geography Pine Flat Dam is located approximately 2.5 miles northeast of Piedra. Climate According to the Köppen Climate Classification system, Piedra has a warm-summer Mediterranean climate A Mediterranean climate ( ), also called a dry summer climate, described by Köppen and Trewartha as ''Cs'', is a temperate climate type that occurs in the lower mid-latitude ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Clinton Hart Merriam
Clinton Hart Merriam (December 5, 1855 – March 19, 1942) was an American zoologist, mammalogist, ornithologist, entomologist, ecologist, ethnographer, geographer, natural history, naturalist and physician. He was commonly known as the "father of mammalogy," a branch of zoology referring to the study of mammals. Early life Clinton Hart Merriam was born in New York City in 1855 to Clinton Levi Merriam, a U.S. congressman, and Caroline Hart, a judge's daughter and a graduate of Rutgers University, Rutgers Institute. The name Clinton, shared by both father and son, was in honor of New York governor DeWitt Clinton, whom the Merriam family had connections with. To avoid confusion, the younger Merriam went by his first initial combined with his middle name, his mother's maiden name, and thus often appears as C. Hart Merriam in both the literature of his time and thereafter. Although born in New York City, where his parents were staying the winter, the family home and place where Mer ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
California State University, Fresno
California State University, Fresno (Fresno State) is a public university in Fresno, California, United States. It is part of the California State University system. The university had a fall 2020 enrollment of 25,341 students. It offers 60 bachelor's degree program, 45 master's degree programs, 3 doctoral degree programs, 12 certificates of advanced study, and 2 different teaching credentials. The university is Carnegie Classification of Institutions of Higher Education, classified among "R2: Doctoral Universities – High research activity". Fresno is a Hispanic-Serving Institution (HSI) and is eligible to be designated as an Minority-serving institution, Asian American Native American Pacific Islander-Serving Institution (AANAPISI). The university's facilities include an on-campus planetarium, on-campus raisin and Grape#Table and wine grapes, wine grape vineyards, and a commercial winery where student-made wines have won over 300 awards since 1997. Members of Fresno State's ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
