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Chinese Star Maps
Chinese star maps ( zh, s=星图, t=星圖, p=xīngtú) are usually directional or graphical representations of Chinese astronomy, Chinese astronomical alignments. Throughout the history of China, numerous star maps have been recorded. This page is intended to list or show the best available version of each star map. Star catalogs are also listed. For academic purposes, related star maps found in East Asia outside China are also listed. List of star maps See also * Chinese constellations * Traditional Chinese star names * Dunhuang Star Chart References External links * *https://web.archive.org/web/20080117162040/http://www.lcsd.gov.hk/CE/Museum/Space/StarShine/HKSkyMap/e_starshine_hkskymap.htm *{{cite web, url=http://www.tsm.toyama.toyama.jp/curators/aroom/edo/se-bunrui.htm, title=富山市科学博物館 Toyama Science Museum, publisher=tsm.toyama.toyama.jp, accessdate=October 10, 2015, archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080322033710/http://www.tsm.toyama.toyama.jp ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Suchow Star Chart Rubbing
Suchow, Soochow, Su-chow, and Soo-chow are irregular romanization of Chinese, romanizations of various Chinese language, Chinese placenames. They generally refer to: * Xuzhou in Jiangsu * Suzhou in Jiangsu * Suzhou, Gansu, a former name of Jiuquan in Gansu * Xuzhou, Sichuan, a former name of Yibin in Sichuan * Soochow University (Suzhou), Suzhou, China * Soochow University (Taiwan), in Taipei * Soochow (crater) on Mars Other uses * Suchów in Poland * "MV Soochow", ship with China Navigation Company of Hong Kong See also * Suzhou (other) * Xuzhou (other) {{dab, geo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Zhang Heng
Zhang Heng (; AD 78–139), formerly romanization of Chinese, romanized Chang Heng, was a Chinese polymathic scientist and statesman who lived during the Han dynasty#Eastern Han (25–220 AD), Eastern Han dynasty. Educated in the capital cities of Luoyang and Chang'an, he achieved success as an Chinese astronomy, astronomer, Chinese mathematics, mathematician, seismologist, hydraulic engineer, inventor, geographer, History of cartography#China, cartographer, ethnographer, Chinese painting, artist, Chinese poetry, poet, Philosophy, philosopher, politician, and literary scholar. Zhang Heng began his career as a minor civil servant in Nanyang, Henan, Nanyang. Eventually, he became Chief Astronomer, Prefect of the Majors for Official Carriages, and then Palace Attendant at the imperial court. His uncompromising stance on historical and calendrical issues led to his becoming a controversial figure, preventing him from rising to the status of Grand Historian. His political rivalry w ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Shen Kuo
Shen Kuo (; 1031–1095) or Shen Gua, courtesy name Cunzhong (存中) and Art name#China, pseudonym Mengqi (now usually given as Mengxi) Weng (夢溪翁),Yao (2003), 544. was a Chinese polymath, scientist, and statesman of the Song dynasty (960–1279). Shen was a master in many fields of study including Chinese mathematics, mathematics, history of optics, optics, and horology. In his career as a civil servant, he became a finance minister, governmental state inspector, head official for the Chinese astronomy, Bureau of Astronomy in the Song court, Assistant Minister of Imperial Hospitality, and also served as an Chancellor (education), academic chancellor.Needham (1986), Volume 4, Part 2, 33. At court his political allegiance was to the Reformist faction known as the History of the Song dynasty#Partisans and factions, reformers and conservatives, New Policies Group, headed by Chancellor of China, Chancellor Wang Anshi (1021–1085). In his ''Dream Pool Essays'' or ''Dream Torren ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Chen Tuan
Chen Tuan 陳摶 (died August 25, 989) was a Chinese Taoist credited with creation of the kung fu system Liuhebafa ("Six Harmonies and Eight Methods"). Along with this internal art, he is also said to be associated with a method of qi (energy) cultivation known today as Taiji ruler and a 24-season Daoyin method (''ershisi shi daoyin fa'') using seated and standing exercises designed to prevent diseases that occur during seasonal changes throughout the year. Name and titles The character "Tuan" (摶) is sometimes confused with the very similar-looking character "Bo" (搏), thus the name is sometimes incorrectly romanized as Chen Bo or Chen Po. In Chinese, he is often respectfully referred to as "Aged Ancestor Chen Tuan" (陳摶老祖 Chén Tuán Lǎozǔ) and "Ancestral Teacher Xiyi" (希夷祖師 Xīyí Zǔshī). Chen Tuan, styled Tunan, titled himself Fuyao Zi (one soaring upward in the high sky, from Nan Hua Jing written by Zhuangzi). Known as the "Sleeping Immortal", he ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gautama Siddha
Gautama Siddha, (fl. 8th century) astronomer, astrologer and compiler of Indian descent, known for leading the compilation of the '' Treatise on Astrology of the Kaiyuan Era'' during the Tang dynasty. He was born in Chang'an, and his family was originally from India, according to a tomb stele uncovered in 1977 in Xi'an. The Gautama family had lived in China for multiple generations, ever since his great-grandfather immigrated to China from India. He was most notable for his translation of Navagraha calendar into Chinese. He introduced Indian numerals from zero to nine in 718 CE, but Chinese mathematicians did not find them useful, as they already had the decimal positional counting rods. The '〇' is used to write zero in Suzhou numerals, which is the only surviving variation of the rod numeral system. The '' Mathematical Treatise in Nine Sections'', written by Qin Jiushao in 1247, is the oldest surviving Chinese mathematical text to use the character ‘〇’ for zero. The ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Treatise On Astrology Of The Kaiyuan Era
The ''Great Tang Treatise on Astrology of the Kaiyuan Era'', also called the ''Kaiyuan Star Observations''Deng, Yinke. 005(2005). Chinese Ancient Inventions. (''Kaiyuan Zhanjing''),Needham, Volume 3, 109. is a Chinese astrology encyclopedia compiled by Gautama Siddha and a team of scholars between 714 and 724 AD during the Kaiyuan era of the Tang dynasty. The book is divided into 120 volumes and consists of about 600,000 words. The ''Kaiyuan Zhanjing'' incorporates many fragments of other works, including the star catalogues of Shi Shen and Gan De and a translated version of Indian ''Navagraha'' calendar at chapter 104. It may have made use of the ''Yisizhan'', compiled by Li Chunfeng around 645. Aryabhata's sine table by the eponymous Indian astronomer, was also translated into the ''Kaiyuan Zhanjing''. The ''Kaiyuan Zhanjing'' ceased to be copied in the 10th century, but was received attention from the scholar Cheng Mingshan in 1616 and was later included in the Com ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Liang Lingzan
Liang Lingzan () was a Chinese artist, astronomer, inventor, mechanical engineer and politician of the Kaiyuan era during the Tang dynasty. He invented a mechanized water clock with the Tantric monk and mathematician Yi Xing (). It was actually an astronomical instrument that served as a clock, made of bronze in the capital of Chang'an in the 720s. It was described by a contemporary text this way: twas made in the image of the round heavens and on it were shown the lunar mansions in their order, the equator and the degrees of the heavenly circumference. Water, flowing into scoops, turned a wheel automatically, rotating it one complete revolution in one day and night. Besides this, there were two rings fitted around the celestial sphere outside, having the sun and moon threaded on them, and these were made to move in circling orbit ... And they made a wooden casing the surface of which represented the horizon, since the instrument was half sunk in it. It permitted the exact ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Yi Xing
Yixing (, 683–727) was a Buddhist monk of the Tang dynasty, recognized for his accomplishments as an astronomer, a reformer of the calendar system, a specialist in the ''I Ching, Yijing'' (易經), and a distinguished Buddhist figure with expertise in Chinese Esoteric Buddhism, Esoteric Buddhism.KotykYixing一行 (673/683–727), Brill's Encyclopedia of Buddhism Volume II BRILL 2019 In the realm of secular affairs, Yixing gained prominence for his reforms to the imperial calendar and his construction of a armillary sphere, celestial globe featuring a liquid-driven escapement, the first in a long tradition of Chinese astronomical clockworks. Within Buddhist circles, he is particularly remembered for his contributions to the translation of the ''Vairocanābhisaṃbodhi Sūtra, Mahāvairocana-sūtra'' and for authoring the authoritative commentary on that scripture, the ''Darijing shu'' 大日經疏 (T 1796). Due to his significant activities in both religious and secular spheres ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Astana Cemetery
The Astana Cemetery () is an ancient cemetery southeast of Turpan, in Xinjiang, China, from the ancient city of Gaochang. It served mainly as the cemetery for the descendants of Chinese settlers in Gaochang from the 4th century to the first half of the 8th century. The complex covers and contains over 1,000 tombs. Due to the arid environment many important artifacts have been well preserved at the tombs, including natural mummies. Description of the tombs The tombs consist of sloping passageways leading downwards for 4 or 5m to a rockcut entrance, about a meter wide and over a meter high. A step then leads into a brick-lined chamber, square or oblong and measuring between two and four meters wide, three to four meters long and up to two meters high. Some tombs contain one or two narrow antechambers in which there are niches on either side for guardian beasts in effigy. These figures show a variety of animal features, and some have human faces. In their exuberance they resem ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nüwa
Nüwa, also read Nügua, is a mother goddess, culture hero, and/or member of the Three Sovereigns of Chinese mythology. She is a goddess in Chinese folk religion, Chinese Buddhism, Confucianism and Taoism. She is credited with creating humanity and repairing the Pillar of Heaven. As creator of mankind, she molded humans individually by hand with yellow clay. In other stories where she fulfills this role, she only created nobles and/or the rich out of yellow soil. The stories vary on the other details about humanity's creation, but it was a tradition commonly believed in ancient China that she created commoners from brown mud. A story holds that she was tired when she created "the rich and the noble", so all others, or "cord-made people", were created from her "dragg nga string through mud". In the ''Huainanzi'', there is a description of a great battle between deities that broke the pillars supporting Heaven and caused great devastation. There was great flooding, and Heaven h ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fuxi
Fuxi or Fu Hsi ( zh, c=伏羲) is a culture hero in Chinese mythology, credited along with his sister and wife Nüwa with creating humanity and the invention of music, hunting, fishing, domestication, and cooking, as well as the Cangjie system of writing Chinese characters around 2900 BC or 2000BC. He is also said to be the originator of bagua (the eight trigrams) after observing that there were eight fundamental building blocks in nature: heaven, earth, water, fire, thunder, wind, mountain, and lake. These eight are all made of different combinations of yin and yang, which are what came to be called bagua. Fuxi was counted as the first mythical emperor of China, "a divine being with a serpent's body" who was miraculously born, a Taoist deity, and/or a member of the Three Sovereigns at the beginning of the Chinese dynastic period. Some representations show him as a human with snake-like characteristics, "a leaf-wreathed head growing out of a mountain", "or as a man clothed ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dunhuang Map
The Dunhuang map or Dunhuang Star map is one of the first known graphical representations of stars from ancient Chinese astronomy, dated to the Tang dynasty (618–907). Before this map, much of the star information mentioned in historical Chinese texts had been questioned.Whitfield, Susan. 004(2004)''The Silk Road: Trade, Travel, War and Faith''. British Library Staff. Serindia Publications. . The map provides a graphical verification of the star observations, and are part of a series of pictures on one of the Dunhuang manuscripts. The astronomy behind the map is explained in an educational resource posted on the website of the International Dunhuang Project, where much of the research on the map has been done. The Dunhuang Star map is to date the world's oldest complete preserved star atlas. History Early in 1900s (decade), a walled-up cave containing a cache of manuscripts was discovered by Chinese Taoist Wang Yuan-lu in the Mogao Caves. The scroll with the star chart ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
