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Caloboletus Firmus
''Caloboletus firmus'' is a bolete fungus native to North America. Until 2014, it was known as ''Boletus firmus''. Changes in the phylogenetic framework of the family Boletaceae prompted the transfer of this species, along with several other related boletes, including ''Caloboletus calopus'', to the genus ''Caloboletus''. It was first described scientifically in 1874 by American botanist Charles Christopher Frost from specimens collected in New England. See also *List of North American boletes References External links * firmus According to the ''Historia Augusta'', Firmus (died 273) was a usurper of Syrian origin during the reign of Aurelian. The apparently contradictory accounts of his life and the man himself are considered by some historians to be a complete fabrica ... Fungi described in 1874 Fungi of North America Fungus species {{Boletales-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Charles Christopher Frost
Charles Christopher Frost (November 11, 1805 – March 16, 1880) was an American mycologist. He described several species of fungi from the New England area of the United States. In one paper, Frost described 22 new species of boletes, and he was later credited with the discovery of three additional species. His personal herbarium of specimens were given to the University of Vermont in 1902. Portions of his collection today are distributed between the Farlow Herbarium at Harvard University, the New York State Museum, the Bell Museum of Natural History, and the Buffalo Museum of Science. Early life Frost was born in Brattleboro, Vermont, on November 11, 1805. His parents were shoemaker James Frost and Elizabeth Stewart, daughter of an officer in the American Revolution. When he was fifteen, Frost left school after being hit with a ruler by a teacher, and assisted his father with his business. Although Frost had developed a prior interest in the natural sciences, his interest in ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bolete
A bolete is a type of mushroom, or fungal fruiting body. It can be identified thanks to a unique cap. On the underside of the cap there is usually a spongy surface with pores, instead of the gills typical of mushrooms. A similar pore surface is found in polypores, but these species generally have a different physical structure from boletes, and have different microscopic characteristics than boletes. Many polypores have much firmer, often woody, flesh. "Bolete" is the English common name for fungus species with caps that have this appearance. Some, but not all boletes bruise blue. Taxonomy The boletes are classified in the order Boletales. However, not all members of the order Boletales are boletes. The micromorphology and molecular phylogeny of the order Boletales have established that it also contains many gilled, puffball, and other fruit body shapes. Examples of these fungi include '' Chroogomphus'', '' Gomphidius'', ''Phylloporus'', ''Paxillus, Tapinella,'' '' Hy ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Phylogenetics
In biology, phylogenetics () is the study of the evolutionary history of life using observable characteristics of organisms (or genes), which is known as phylogenetic inference. It infers the relationship among organisms based on empirical data and observed heritable traits of DNA sequences, protein amino acid sequences, and morphology. The results are a phylogenetic tree—a diagram depicting the hypothetical relationships among the organisms, reflecting their inferred evolutionary history. The tips of a phylogenetic tree represent the observed entities, which can be living taxa or fossils. A phylogenetic diagram can be rooted or unrooted. A rooted tree diagram indicates the hypothetical common ancestor of the taxa represented on the tree. An unrooted tree diagram (a network) makes no assumption about directionality of character state transformation, and does not show the origin or "root" of the taxa in question. In addition to their use for inferring phylogenetic pa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Boletaceae
The Boletaceae are a Family (biology), family of mushroom-forming fungi, primarily characterised by small pores on the spore-bearing hymenium, hymenial surface (at the underside of the mushroom), instead of Lamella (mycology), gills as are found in most agarics. Nearly as widely distributed as the agarics, the family is renowned for hosting some prime edible species highly sought after by mushroom hunting, mushroom hunters worldwide, such as the Boletus edulis, cep or king bolete (''Boletus edulis''). A number of rare or threatened species are also present in the family, that have become the focus of increasing conservation biology, conservation concerns. As a whole, the typical members of the family are commonly known as boletes. Boletes are a group of mushrooms reasonably safe for human consumption, as none of them are known to be deadly to adults. Edible bolete species are especially suitable for novice collectors, since they pose little danger of being confused with deadly p ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Caloboletus Calopus
''Caloboletus calopus'', commonly known as the bitter bolete, bitter beech bolete or scarlet-stemmed bolete, is a species of fungus in the bolete family. Christiaan Persoon first described ''Boletus calopus'' in 1801. Modern molecular phylogenetics showed that it was only distantly related to the type species of ''Boletus'' and required placement in a new genus; '' Caloboletus'' was erected in 2014, with ''C. calopus'' designated as the type species. The stout fruit bodies are attractively coloured, with a beige to olive cap up to 15 cm (6 in) across, yellow pores, and a reddish stipe up to long and wide. The pale yellow flesh stains blue when broken or bruised. Its red stipe distinguishes it from ''Boletus edulis''. Appearing in coniferous and deciduous woodland in summer and autumn, the species is found in Eurasia and North America. Although not typically considered edible due to an intensely bitter taste that does not disappear with cooking, there are ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Caloboletus
''Caloboletus'' is a fungal genus in the family Boletaceae. It was circumscription (taxonomy), circumscribed by Italian mycologist Alfredo Vizzini with ''Boletus calopus, Caloboletus calopus'' as the type species. The erection of ''Caloboletus'' follows recent molecular phylogenetics, molecular studies that outlined a new phylogenetic framework for the Boletaceae. ''Boletus peckii'' was also transferred to this genus by Vizzini, but was subsequently moved to the genus ''Butyriboletus'' based on molecular evidence. The generic name ''Caloboletus'', derived from the Greek ''calos'' "nice", refers to the attractive red coloring of the stipe. Species , Index Fungorum lists the following species: References Caloboletus, Boletales genera {{Boletales-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Species Description
A species description is a formal scientific description of a newly encountered species, typically articulated through a scientific publication. Its purpose is to provide a clear description of a new species of organism and explain how it differs from species that have been previously described or related species. For a species to be considered valid, a species description must follow established guidelines and naming conventions dictated by relevant nomenclature codes. These include the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature (ICZN) for animals, the International Code of Nomenclature for algae, fungi, and plants (ICN) for plants, and the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV) for viruses. A species description often includes photographs or other illustrations of type material and information regarding where this material is deposited. The publication in which the species is described gives the new species a formal scientific name. Some 1.9 million ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
New England
New England is a region consisting of six states in the Northeastern United States: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, Rhode Island, and Vermont. It is bordered by the state of New York (state), New York to the west and by the Canadian provinces of New Brunswick to the northeast and Quebec to the north. The Gulf of Maine and Atlantic Ocean are to the east and southeast, and Long Island Sound is to the southwest. Boston is New England's largest city and the capital of Massachusetts. Greater Boston, comprising the Boston–Worcester–Providence Combined Statistical Area, houses more than half of New England's population; this area includes Worcester, Massachusetts, the second-largest city in New England; Manchester, New Hampshire, the largest city in New Hampshire; and Providence, Rhode Island, the capital of and largest city in Rhode Island. In 1620, the Pilgrims (Plymouth Colony), Pilgrims established Plymouth Colony, the second successful settlement in Briti ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
List Of North American Boletes
__NOTOC__ This is a list of bolete species found in North America. Bolding of the species name, and an asterisk (*) following indicate the species is the type species of that genus. ''Aureoboletus'' *''Aureoboletus auriporus'' *''Aureoboletus gentilis'' *''Aureoboletus innixus'' *''Aureoboletus mirabilis'' *''Aureoboletus projectellus'' *''Aureoboletus roxanae'' ''Austroboletus'' *''Austroboletus betula'' *''Austroboletus gracilis'' *''Austroboletus subflavipes'' ''Baorangia'' *''Baorangia bicolor'' ''Boletinellus merulioides'' *''Boletinellus merulioides'' ''Boletellus'' *''Boletellus ananas'' *''Boletellus chrysenteroides'' *''Boletellus flocculosipes'' *''Boletellus intermedius'' *''Boletellus pseudochrysenteroides'' *''Boletellus russellii'' ''Boletus'' *''Boletus aereus'' *''Boletus albisulphureus'' *''Boletus alutaceus'' *''Boletus amyloideus'' *''Boletus atkinsonii'' *''Boletus aurantiosplendens'' *''Boletus aureissimus'' *''Boletus auriflammeus'' *''Boletus a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fungi Described In 1874
A fungus (: fungi , , , or ; or funguses) is any member of the group of eukaryotic organisms that includes microorganisms such as yeasts and molds, as well as the more familiar mushrooms. These organisms are classified as one of the traditional eukaryotic kingdoms, along with Animalia, Plantae, and either Protista or Protozoa and Chromista. A characteristic that places fungi in a different kingdom from plants, bacteria, and some protists is chitin in their cell walls. Fungi, like animals, are heterotrophs; they acquire their food by absorbing dissolved molecules, typically by secreting digestive enzymes into their environment. Fungi do not photosynthesize. Growth is their means of mobility, except for spores (a few of which are flagellated), which may travel through the air or water. Fungi are the principal decomposers in ecological systems. These and other differences place fungi in a single group of related organisms, named the ''Eumycota'' (''true fungi'' or ''Eumycete ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
