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Bulgarian Fascists
The extent of fascism in Bulgaria is contentious. Many authors state that it never became a Political_movement#Mass_movements, mass movement, remaining marginal there, and proved considerably less successful than in the neighboring Balkan states. Bulgaria's fascists were not only weak, divided and lacking clear ideology, but their worldview differed significantly from that of both Italian Fascism and German Nazism. Thus a consensus has been reached between Bulgarian and international experts that Bulgaria's agrarian society and its Monarchy, monarchic system were the barriers before the fascist practices and establishment of fascist regime in the country, while Bulgaria's political system preserved a relative Pluralism (political philosophy), pluralism. An alternative opinion is that some Bulgarian organizations with considerable membership, activity, and social presence had fully developed fascist ideology by the late 1930s, but they neither came to power, nor participated in the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bogdan Filov And Mussolini, 1941
Bogdan (Cyrillic: Богдан) is a Slavic names, Slavic masculine name that appears in the South Slavic languages and in Polish language, Polish, Romanian language, Romanian and Moldovan language, Moldovan. It is derived from the Slavic languages, Slavic words '':wiktionary:Appendix:Proto-Slavic/bogъ, Bog'' (Cyrillic: Бог), meaning 'god', and ''dan'' (Cyrillic: дан), meaning 'given'. The name appears to be an early calque from Greek Theódoros (Theodore (name), Theodore, Theodosius) or Hebrew Matthew (given name), Matthew with the same meaning. The name is also used as a surname in Hungary, Romania, Serbia and Croatia. Bogdana is the feminine version of the name. Variations The sound change of 'g' into 'h' (into Bohdan (name), Bohdan) occurred in the West Slavic languages and in Ukrainian language, Ukrainian. Both Bogdan and Bohdan are used in Poland. Slavic variants include Bulgarian language, Bulgarian and Serbo-Croatian Božidar (Божидар) and Polish Bożydar (d ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Axis Powers
The Axis powers, originally called the Rome–Berlin Axis and also Rome–Berlin–Tokyo Axis, was the military coalition which initiated World War II and fought against the Allies of World War II, Allies. Its principal members were Nazi Germany, Fascist Italy, Kingdom of Italy and the Empire of Japan. The Axis were united in their far-right positions and general opposition to the Allies, but otherwise lacked comparable coordination and ideological cohesion. The Axis grew out of successive diplomatic efforts by Germany, Italy, and Japan to secure their own specific expansionist interests in the mid-1930s. The first step was the Italo-German protocol of 23 October 1936, protocol signed by Germany and Italy in October 1936, after which Italian leader Benito Mussolini declared that all other European countries would thereafter rotate on the Rome–Berlin axis, thus creating the term "Axis". The following November saw the ratification of the Anti-Comintern Pact, an anti-communis ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tsar Boris
Boris III (; 28 August 1943), originally Boris Klemens Robert Maria Pius Ludwig Stanislaus Xaver (Boris Clement Robert Mary Pius Louis Stanislaus Xavier), was the Tsar of the Kingdom of Bulgaria from 1918 until his death in 1943. The eldest son of Ferdinand I, Boris assumed the throne upon the abdication of his father in the wake of Bulgaria's defeat in World War I. Under the 1919 Treaty of Neuilly, Bulgaria was forced to cede various territories, pay crippling war reparations, and greatly reduce the size of its military. That same year, Aleksandar Stamboliyski of the Bulgarian Agrarian National Union became prime minister. After Stamboliyski was overthrown in a coup in 1923, Boris recognized the new government of Aleksandar Tsankov, who harshly suppressed the Bulgarian Communist Party and led the nation through a brief border war with Greece. Tsankov was removed from power in 1926, and a series of prime ministers followed until 1934, when the corporatist ''Zveno'' () movemen ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bulgarian National Socialist Workers Party
The National Socialist Bulgarian Workers Party () was a Nazi party based in the Kingdom of Bulgaria. It was one of a number of anti-Semitic groups to emerge in Bulgaria after the rise of Adolf Hitler in Germany, with other notable groups including the Union of Bulgarian National Legions and Ratniks. The party was established by Doctor Hristo Kunchev in 1932, who had studied medicine in Berlin.Rupert Butler, ''Hitler's Jackals'', Leo Cooper, 1998, p. 44 The party sought to copy the Nazi Party by adopting the National Socialist Program, the swastika and other symbols of the German party. Unlike some of its competitors on the far right like the Union of Bulgarian National Legions and the Ratniks, it was not a very influential group and had a relatively small membership with only a hundred people active in its core. The party published a newspaper called ' ('Attack', a name similar to ''Der Angriff'' of Joseph Goebbels) in which it criticized the Bulgarian Freemasonry which, accordi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Zveno
Zveno (), ''Politicheski krag "Zveno"'', officially Political Circle "Zveno" was a Bulgarian political organization, founded in 1930 by Bulgarian politicians, intellectuals and Bulgarian Army officers. It was associated with a newspaper of that name. As a palingenetic nationalist movement, ''Zveno'' advocated for rationalization of Bulgaria's economic and political institutions under a dictatorship that would be independent from both the Soviet Union and the Axis powers. They strongly opposed the Bulgarian party system, which they saw as dysfunctional, and the terror of the Internal Macedonian Revolutionary Organization (IMRO), the Bulgarian Macedonians' liberation movement. ''Zveno'' was also closely linked to the so-called Military League, the organization behind a 1923 Bulgarian coup d'état, coup in 1923, responsible for killing List of Prime Ministers of Bulgaria, Prime Minister Aleksandar Stamboliyski. In 1934, pro-''Zveno'' officers like Colonel Damyan Velchev and Colo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1934 Bulgarian Coup D'état
The Bulgarian coup d'état of 1934, also known as the 19 May coup d'état (, ''Devetnadesetomayski prevrat''), was a ''coup d'état'' in the Kingdom of Bulgaria carried out by the '' Zveno'' military organization and the Military Union with the aid of the Bulgarian Army. It overthrew the government of the wide Popular Bloc coalition and replaced it with one under Kimon Georgiev. History The Popular Bloc, which had held power since 1931, consisted of the Democratic Party, Bulgarian Agrarian National Union (BANU) " Vrabcha 1", the National Liberal Party and the Radical Democratic Party. Although it did not abolish the restrictive laws introduced by the former government of the Democratic Accord and it did not change the way the police functioned, it was met with hostility from right-wing forces such as the Military Union (led by Damyan Velchev), Zveno and Aleksandar Tsankov's National Social Movement, of which the most active were the Zveno activists. After a Military Un ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Asen Kantardzhiev
Asen may refer to: Places * Asen (state), a polity involved in late 17th-century wars in modern Ghana * Asen, Stara Zagora Province, a village in Pavel Banya Municipality, Bulgaria Other * Asen dynasty, a dynasty which ruled the Second Bulgarian Empire between 1187 and 1280 * Asen (vodun), metal objects that attract the spirits of the dead associated with West African Vodun (voodoo) * Asen, Asena or Ashina, the ruling dynasty of the ancient Turks in mid 6th century * "Asen", an archaic unit of measurement (also aasen, aces), used to value tulips, during the tulip mania * Jaime Asensio de la Fuente (b. 1978), Spanish footballer known as Asen * , a training ship of the Bulgarian navy; see List of Bulgarian military equipment of World War II Acronym * Association for the Study of Ethnicity and Nationalism * Australian Student Environment Network See also * Åsen (other) Åsen may refer to: People * Gjermund Åsen (born 1991), a Norwegian footballer who plays for Tromsø ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hristo Lukov
Hristo Nikolov Lukov (; 6 January 1887 in Varna – 13 February 1943 in Sofia) was a Bulgarian lieutenant-general, politician, and Minister of War, who led the nationalistic Union of Bulgarian National Legions (UBNL), an organisation largely supportive of Nazi ideology. He was assassinated in 1943 by two members of the Bulgarian resistance movement, Violeta Yakova and Ivan Burudzhiev. Military and political career First World War Hristo Nikolov Lukov was promoted during World War I to the rank of a major and a commander of an artillery battalion. Abroad he is incorrectly thought to be the commander of the 13th Infantry division during World War I. In fact, that was major-general Hristo Tsonev Lukov, a native of Gabrovo. Interwar period During the interwar period Hristo Nikolov Lukov became the commander of the Army School of Artillery, of the Training Section of the General Staff's Artillery Inspection, and of the 2nd and 3rd Infantry divisions. Between 1935–1938 Lukov ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
NSDAP
The Nazi Party, officially the National Socialist German Workers' Party ( or NSDAP), was a far-right political party in Germany active between 1920 and 1945 that created and supported the ideology of Nazism. Its precursor, the German Workers' Party (; DAP), existed from 1919 to 1920. The Nazi Party emerged from the extremist German nationalist (" ''Völkisch'' nationalist"), racist, and populist paramilitary culture, which fought against communist uprisings in post– World War I Germany. The party was created to draw workers away from communism and into nationalism. Initially, Nazi political strategy focused on anti-big business, anti-bourgeoisie, and anti-capitalism, disingenuously using socialist rhetoric to gain the support of the lower middle class; it was later downplayed to gain the support of business leaders. By the 1930s, the party's main focus shifted to antisemitic and anti-Marxist themes. The party had little popular support until the Great Depression, when ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Aleksandar Tsankov
Aleksandar Tsolov Tsankov (; 29 June 1879 – 27 July 1959) was a leading Bulgarian politician during the Interwar period, period between the two World Wars. Biography A professor of political economy at Sofia University from 1910 onwards,Philip Rees, ''Biographical Dictionary of the Extreme Right Since 1890'' he took a leading role in 1923 Bulgarian coup d'état, the coup that deposed Aleksandar Stamboliyski on 9 June 1923. The coup succeeded when the Bulgarian Communist Party took a neutral attitude towards the Bulgarian Agrarian National Union, Agrarians rather than supporting Stamboliyski. He was chosen to head the coalition that succeeded the deposed premier, and became Prime Minister of Bulgaria the same day. He continued in this role until 4 January 1926. During that period, he was the leader of the Democratic Alliance (Bulgaria), Democratic Alliance. Tsankov's premiership was marked by deep internal struggles with the Bulgarian Communist Party, which he repressed merciles ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ratniks
The Union of Warriors for the Advancement of Bulgarianness (, ''Sayuz na ratnitsite za napredaka na balgarshtinata''), commonly known as just the Ratniks ('', Ratnitsi'') was a far-right Bulgarian nationalist organization founded in 1936. Its ideas were close to those of Germany's Nazis, including antisemitism and paramilitarism, but also loyalty to the Bulgarian Orthodox Church. The Ratniks wore red uniforms in outright competition with the communists for the hearts and minds of the Bulgarian youth, and also badges bearing the Bogar: a Bulgarian sun cross, which became the organisation's symbol. Despite decreeing their loyalty to the Monarchy and King Boris III of Bulgaria, he officially dissolved the organisation in April 1939. The ban, however, was not enforced, and they remained in existence. It was soon after the ban that they carried out one of their more notorious acts, the so-called "Bulgarian Kristallnacht" when, on September 20, 1939, the Ratniks marched in Sofia throw ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Union Of Bulgarian National Legions
The Union of Bulgarian National Legions (UBNL) ( (СБНЛ); ''Sayuz na Balgarskite Natsionalni Legioni'' (''SBNL'')), until 1935 the Union of the National Youth Legions (UNYL); Съюз на Младежките Национални Легиони (СМНЛ)''; Sayuz na Mladezhkite Natsionalni Legioni'' (''SMNL''), was an ultranationalist, monarchist, and right extremist organization in Bulgaria, which was active between 1932 and 1944. The organization had an ideology close to fascism, including creating a totalitarian one-party regime, a ban on the market economy and total control by the state over the economy and the society, anti-Semitism and hostility towards foreigners, anti-communism, etc. It demonstrated similarity to the Italian fascism and German Nazism, from which it "borrows" ideas, symbols, and slogans. It was initially founded as Union of the National Youth Legions, which gained popularity among youth by using propaganda methods, popular in Nazi Germany at that ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
