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Bulgaria And The Antarctic
Bulgaria, officially the Republic of Bulgaria, is a country in Southeast Europe. It is situated on the eastern portion of the Balkans directly south of the Danube river and west of the Black Sea. Bulgaria is bordered by Greece and Turkey to the south, Serbia and North Macedonia to the west, and Romania to the north. It covers a territory of and is the tenth largest within the European Union and the sixteenth-largest country in Europe by area. Sofia is the nation's capital and largest city; other major cities include Burgas, Plovdiv, and Varna. One of the earliest societies in the lands of modern-day Bulgaria was the Karanovo culture (6,500 BC). In the 6th to 3rd century BC, the region was a battleground for ancient Thracians, Persians, Celts and Macedonians; stability came when the Roman Empire conquered the region in AD 45. After the Roman state splintered, tribal invasions in the region resumed. Around the 6th century, these territories were settled by the early Sla ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Unity Makes Strength
"Unity makes strength"; ; ; . is a motto that has been used by various states and entities throughout history. It is used by Belgium, Bulgaria, Malaysia and Georgia (country), Georgia on their national coat of arms, coats of arms and is the national motto of Belgium, Bolivia, Malaysia, Georgia (country), Georgia and Bulgaria. The phrase was first used as national motto by the Dutch Republic. However its use predates the republic's independence, appearing for example as part of mottos and proverbs known as ''Gemeene Duytsche Spreekwoorden'', which was published in 1550, back when the place was under the Habsburg empire of Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor, Charles V, which ruled over modern day Netherlands and Belgium. This was derived originally from a Greek phrase (, ) attributed to Homer, dating to roughly 850 BC, that later appears similarly in the Latin phrase ''concordia res parvae crescunt'' ("small things flourish by concord"), which was used in the ''Bellum Jugurthinum'' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Religion In Bulgaria
Religion in Bulgaria has been dominated by Christianity since its Christianization of Bulgaria, adoption as the state religion in 864. The dominant form of the religion is Eastern Orthodox Christianity within the fold of the Bulgarian Orthodox Church. During the Ottoman Empire, Ottoman rule of the Balkans, Islam spread to the territories of Bulgaria, and it remains a significant minority today. The Catholic Church has roots in the country since the Middle Ages, and Protestantism arrived in the 19th century; both of them remain very small minorities. Today, a significant part of the Bulgarians are irreligion, not religious, or spiritual but not religious, believers who do not identify with any specific religion, and Bulgaria has been the cradle of some new religious movements, new religions, notably the Neo-Theosophy, Neo-Theosophical movement of Dunovism. Since the early 21st century, there has been a decline of both historic religions of Bulgaria—Eastern Orthodox Christianity ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Second Bulgarian Empire
The Second Bulgarian Empire (; ) was a medieval Bulgarians, Bulgarian state that existed between 1185 and 1422. A successor to the First Bulgarian Empire, it reached the peak of its power under Tsars Kaloyan of Bulgaria, Kaloyan and Ivan Asen II before gradually being conquered by the Ottoman Empire, Ottomans in the late 14th century. Until 1256, the Second Bulgarian Empire was the dominant power in the Balkans, defeating the Byzantine Empire in several major battles. In 1205, Emperor Kaloyan of Bulgaria, Kaloyan defeated the newly established Latin Empire in the battle of Adrianople (1205), Battle of Adrianople. His nephew Ivan Asen II defeated the Despotate of Epiros and made Bulgaria a regional power again. During his reign, Bulgaria spread from the Adriatic Sea, Adriatic to the Black Sea and the economy flourished. In the late 13th century, however, the Empire declined under constant invasions by Mongols, Byzantine Empire, Byzantines, Hungarians, and Serbia in the Middle Ages ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
First Bulgarian Empire
The First Bulgarian Empire (; was a medieval state that existed in Southeastern Europe between the 7th and 11th centuries AD. It was founded in 680–681 after part of the Bulgars, led by Asparuh of Bulgaria, Asparuh, moved south to the northeastern Balkans. There they secured Byzantine Empire, Byzantine recognition of their right to settle south of the Danube by Battle of Ongal, defeatingpossibly with the help of Seven Slavic tribes, local South Slavic tribesthe Byzantine army led by Constantine IV. During the 9th and 10th century, Bulgaria at the height of its power spread from the Danube Bend to the Black Sea and from the Dnieper River to the Adriatic Sea and became an important power in the region competing with the Byzantine Empire. As the state solidified its position in the Balkans, it entered into a centuries-long interaction, sometimes friendly and sometimes hostile, with the Byzantine Empire. Bulgaria emerged as Byzantium's chief antagonist to its north, resulting in ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
History Of Bulgaria
The history of Bulgaria can be traced from the first settlements on the lands of modern Bulgaria to its formation as a nation-state, and includes the history of the Bulgarian people and their origin. The earliest evidence of hominid occupation discovered in what is today Bulgaria date from at least 1.4 million years ago. Around 5000 BC, a sophisticated civilization already existed which produced some of the first pottery, jewellery and golden artifacts in the world. After 3500 BC, the Thracians appeared on the Balkan Peninsula. In the late 6th century BC, parts of what is currently Bulgaria, in particular the eastern region of the country, came under the Persian Achaemenid Empire. In the 470s BC, the Thracians formed the powerful Odrysian Kingdom which lasted until 46 BC, when it was finally conquered by the Roman Empire. During the centuries, some Thracian tribes fell under ancient Macedonian and Hellenistic, and also Celtic domination. This mixture of ancient peo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
National Assembly (Bulgaria)
The National Assembly () is the Unicameralism, unicameral parliament and Legislature, legislative body of the Republic of Bulgaria. The first National Assembly was established in 1879 with the Tarnovo Constitution. During the People's Republic of Bulgaria, communist period between 1946 and 1989, the National Assembly was the Legislature in communist states, supreme organ of state power and the only branch of government in Bulgaria and, in accordance with the principle of unified power, all state organs were subservient to it. Most of the National Assembly's actions were characterized as a Rubber stamp (politics), rubber stamp for the Bulgarian Communist Party (BKP) or as only being able to affect issues of low sensitivity and salience to the Bulgarian communist regime. The BCP controlled nomination and election processes at every level in its political system, allowing it to stamp out any opposition. Ordinary National Assembly The National Assembly consists of 240 members elect ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nataliya Kiselova
Nataliya Vasileva Kiselova (, born 19 June 1977) is a Bulgarian jurist and politician who is the current Speaker of the National Assembly. Affiliated with the Bulgarian Socialist Party, she has served as Member of the National Assembly since 2024. Kiselova is also a professor of constitutional law at Sofia University. Early life, education and career She was born on the 19 June, 1977, in Kazanlak. She graduated from the high school, "Saint Cyril and Metodi", specialising in humanities, before attending Sofia University for Law. Kiselova graduated with a degree in "Law" with a specialisation on "administration of justice" and "public administration" in 2002. From 2003 to 2005, Kiselova was a PhD candidate at Sofia University. She successfully defended her PhD dissertation in the topic of "parliamentary control" in 2007 and received a doctorate in Constitutional Law in 2008. Kiselova further specialised by attending Moscow State University in 2014. Constitutional Law expert K ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Chairperson Of The National Assembly Of Bulgaria
The chairperson of the National Assembly of the Republic of Bulgaria () is the Speaker (politics), presiding officer of the National Assembly (Bulgaria), National Assembly of Bulgaria. The assembly selects the chairperson during its opening session. The term of the chairperson coincides with the term of the assembly. The salary of the chairperson is per month. List of chairpersons (1879–present) This is a list of all chairpersons of the National Assembly of Bulgaria from its establishment in 1879 until today. List of living former chairpersons of the National Assembly See also * History of Bulgaria * Politics of Bulgaria Notes # # # # # Kamelia Kasabova was acting Chairman 4 February 2005 – 23 February 2005 References {{Bulgaria topics Government of Bulgaria Lists of political office-holders in Bulgaria Legislative speakers, Bulgaria 1879 establishments in Bulgaria Chairpersons of the National Assembly of Bulgaria, * ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rosen Zhelyazkov
Rosen Dimitrov Zhelyazkov (, born 5 April 1968) is a Bulgarian politician who is the current prime minister of Bulgaria. A member of GERB, he previously served as Minister of Transport from 2018 to 2021, Member of the National Assembly from 2021 to 2025, and Speaker of the National Assembly from 2023 to 2024. Early life, education, and career Zhelyazkov was born in Sofia on 5 April 1968. He earned a master's degree in Law from Sofia University. In 1994, he began his career as a legal advisor for Sofia Municipality's Sredets district, where he held senior legal positions as well as positions in the local administration. In 1995, he was accepted into the Sofia Lawyers Association as an attorney specialising in civil and commercial law. Political career Municipal Administration Zhelyazkov held his first political position from 1998 to 1999, when he was Deputy Mayor for "Law and Control" of Lozenets district. In 2003, he was appointed as Secretary of Sofia Municipality ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Prime Minister Of Bulgaria
The Prime Minister of Bulgaria () is the head of government of Bulgaria. They are oftentimes the leader of a political coalition in the Bulgarian parliament, known as the National Assembly In politics, a national assembly is either a unicameral legislature, the lower house of a bicameral legislature, or both houses of a bicameral legislature together. In the English language it generally means "an assembly composed of the repr ..., and the leader of the Government of Bulgaria, cabinet. At times, the Prime Minister has been appointed by the President of Bulgaria, in order to lead a caretaker government. The current Prime Minister is Rosen Zhelyazkov, who has served since 16 January 2025. See also * Government of Bulgaria * History of Bulgaria * Politics of Bulgaria * List of Bulgarian monarchs * List of heads of the state of Bulgaria * List of presidents of Bulgaria (1990–present) References {{Prime Minister Prime ministers of Bulgaria, 1879 establishmen ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Iliana Iotova
Iliana Malinova Iotova (; born 24 October 1964) is a Bulgarian politician who has been serving as Vice President of Bulgaria since 2017. She was the running mate of Rumen Radev, who defeated GERB nominee Tsetska Tsacheva in the second round of the 2016 presidential election. She was a Member of the European Parliament from 2007 until her resignation on 16 January 2017. She speaks Bulgarian, French and English. Education Born in Sofia, Iotova studied in the Lycée Français de Sofia. She received a master's degree in Bulgarian and French philology from the University of Sofia and later specialized at the École nationale d'administration (ENA, National School of Administration) in Strasbourg, France, and the Center for European Studies (CEES) of the University of Strasbourg. Early career From 1990 to 1997, Iotova worked at Bulgarian National Television as a reporter, editor, director and presenter of news and current affairs programmes. She then worked as the director o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Vice President Of Bulgaria
The vice president of the Republic of Bulgaria is a position, established by the Constitution of Bulgaria, and the only active vice presidential office in the European Union (EU).Another EU member state, Cyprus, also has a post of Vice President, although since 1974 that post has remained vacant. The vice president is elected by popular vote, alongside the president. Candidates for president and vice president run on their party ticket and are prohibited from serving in any other post upon election. According to the constitution, the vice president shall be the principal assistant to the president in his/her official duties. In 1971–1990, the Chairmen of the State Council — Todor Zhivkov (1971–1989) and Petar Mladenov (1989–1990) — were the heads of state of Bulgaria. The First Deputy Chairmen of the State Council were deputy heads of state. The State Council was abolished on April 3, 1990. Below is a list of the first deputy chairmen of the State Council and vice pre ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
