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Braconidae
The Braconidae are a family of parasitoid wasps. After the closely related Ichneumonidae, braconids make up the second-largest family in the order Hymenoptera, with about 17,000 recognized species and many thousands more undescribed. One analysis estimated a total between 30,000 and 50,000, and another provided a narrower estimate between 42,000 and 43,000 species. Classification The Braconidae are currently divided into about 47 subfamilies and over 1000 genera, which include ''Aerophilus'', ''Aleiodes'', ''Apanteles'', ''Asobara'', ''Bracon (wasp), Bracon'', ''Cenocoelius'', ''Chaenusa'', ''Chorebus'', ''Cotesia'', ''Dacnusa'', ''Diachasma'', ''Dimeris'', ''Microgaster'', ''Opius'', ''Parapanteles'', ''Phaenocarpa'', ''Spathius'', and ''Syntretus.'' These fall into two major groups, informally called the cyclostomes and noncyclostomes. In cyclostome braconids, the Labrum (arthropod mouthpart), labrum and the lower part of the Clypeus (arthropod anatomy), clypeus are concave ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Agathidinae
Agathidinae is a subfamily of braconid parasitoid wasps. Some species have been used in biological control programs. Description Agathidines are among the larger braconids, and diurnal members of this subfamily are often brightly patterned. They belong to the noncyclostome group. Several genera, such as ''Agathis'', '' Cremnops'' and '' Disophrys'', are characterized by elongate genae. Agithidines can be recognized by the following combinations of features: forewing veins M + CU not tubular in basal third or more, forewing vein RS complete to the wing margin (except '' Mesocoelus'' and '' Plesiocoelus),'' occipital carina absent, and second submarginal cell of forewing usually present (90% of species.) Distribution They are found worldwide, but are more diverse in the tropics. However, some genera such as ''Agathis'' and '' Earinus'' are more speciose in temperate regions. Biology Most Agathidines are solitary koinobiont endoparasitoids of concealed Lepidoptera la ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Aerophilus
''Aerophilus'' is a genus of parasitoid wasps belonging to the family Braconidae. As members of the subfamily Agathidinae, they are koinobiont endoparasitoids of caterpillars. The host is attacked as an early instar, but not consumed and killed until the host is about to pupate. Nearly all species of ''Aerophilus'' have a narrow host range, attacking only one caterpillar species. However, the host range of the genus as a whole is quite broad, including many families of Lepidoptera.Sharkey MJ, Chapman EG. 2016. Revision of ''Aerophilus'' Szépligeti (Hymenoptera, Braconidae, Agathidinae) from eastern North America, with a key to the Nearctic species. ''Contributions in Science'' 524: 51-110. Several species have been used in biological control Biological control or biocontrol is a method of controlling pests, whether pest animals such as insects and mites, weeds, or pathogens affecting animals or plants by using other organisms. It relies on predation, parasitism, herbivo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bracon (wasp)
''Bracon'' is a genus of wasps in the Braconidae, a family of parasitoid wasps. There are several hundred described species but there are thousands still undescribed.Ameri, A., et al. (2013)Study of the genus ''Bracon'' Fabricius, 1804 (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) of Southern Iran with description of a new species.''Zootaxa'' 3754(4), 353-80. The genus is cosmopolitan, distributed throughout the world, with most of the described species occurring in the Palearctic realm. These wasps are mostly ectoparasitoids, with the larvae developing on the outside of the body of the host. Recorded hosts include the larvae of many species of lepidopterans, beetles, flies, hymenopterans, and true bugs. They are idiobionts, halting the development of the host when they lay eggs on its body. Some ''Bracon'' wasps are specific to one host species, and some are known to utilize many different hosts.Žikić, V., et al. (2012)Checklist of the genus ''Bracon'' (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) in Serbia. ''Biol ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Parapanteles
''Parapanteles'' is a genus of braconid wasps in the family Braconidae The Braconidae are a family of parasitoid wasps. After the closely related Ichneumonidae, braconids make up the second-largest family in the order Hymenoptera, with about 17,000 recognized species and many thousands more undescribed. One analysis .... There are more than 60 described species in ''Parapanteles'', found throughout most of the world. Species These 62 species belong to the genus ''Parapanteles'': * '' Parapanteles aethiopicus'' (Wilkinson, 1931) * '' Parapanteles aletiae'' (Riley, 1881) * '' Parapanteles alternatus'' (Papp, 1973) * '' Parapanteles arka'' Gupta, 2014 * '' Parapanteles aso'' (Nixon, 1967) * '' Parapanteles atellae'' (Wilkinson, 1932) * '' Parapanteles athamasae'' Gupta, Khot & Chorge, 2014 * '' Parapanteles bagicha'' (Narayanan & Subba Rao, 1961) * '' Parapanteles cleo'' (Nixon, 1967) * '' Parapanteles complexus'' Valerio & Janzen, 2009 * '' Parapanteles continuus'' Valerio & Whi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
