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Boraginaceae Genera
Boraginaceae, the borage or forget-me-not family, includes about 2,000 species of shrubs, trees, and herbs in 146 to 154 genera with a worldwide distribution. The APG IV system from 2016 classifies the Boraginaceae as single family of the order Boraginales within the asterids. Under the older Cronquist system, it was included in the Lamiales, but clearly is no more similar to the other families in this order than it is to families in several other asterid orders. A revision of the Boraginales, also from 2016, split the Boraginaceae into 11 distinct families: Boraginaceae ''sensu stricto'', Codonaceae, Coldeniaceae, Cordiaceae, Ehretiaceae, Heliotropiaceae, Hoplestigmataceae, Hydrophyllaceae, Lennoaceae, Namaceae, and Wellstediaceae. These plants have alternately arranged leaves, or a combination of alternate and opposite leaves. The leaf blades usually have a narrow shape; many are linear or lance-shaped. They are smooth-edged or toothed, and some have petioles. Most ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Borago Officinalis
Borage ( or ; ''Borago officinalis''), also known as starflower, is an annual herb in the flowering plant family Boraginaceae native to the Mediterranean region. Although the plant contains small amounts of pyrrolizidine alkaloids, some parts are edible and Borage seed oil, its seeds provide oil. Description ''B. officinalis'' grows to a height of , and is bristly or hairy all over the stems and leaves; the leaves are Alternate leaf, alternate, Simple leaf, simple, and long. The flowers are Complete flower, complete, Perfect flower, perfect with five narrow, triangular-pointed petals. Flowers are most often blue, although pink flowers are sometimes observed. White-flowered types are also cultivated. The blue flower is genetically dominant over the white flower. The flowers arise along scorpioid cymes to form large floral displays with multiple flowers blooming simultaneously, suggesting that borage has a high degree of geitonogamy (intraplant pollination). It has an indet ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Boraginales
Boraginales is an order of flowering plants in the asterid clade, with a total of about 125 genera and 2,700 species. Different taxonomic treatments either include only a single family, the Boraginaceae, or divide it into up to eleven families. Its herbs, shrubs, trees and lianas (vines) have a worldwide distribution. Taxonomy History The classification of plants now known as Boraginales dates to the ''Genera plantarum'' (1789) when Antoine Laurent de Jussieu named a group of plants Boragineae, to include the genus '' Borago'', now the type genus. However, since the first valid description was by Friedrich von Berchtold and Jan Svatopluk Presl (1820), the botanical authority is given as Juss. ''ex'' Bercht. & J.Presl, ''ex'' (Latin, meaning "out of", "from") indicating the prior authority of Jussieu. Lindley (1853) changed the name to the modern Boraginaceae. Jussieu divided the Boragineae into five groups. Since then Boraginaceae has been treated either as a large fami ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dioecy
Dioecy ( ; ; adj. dioecious, ) is a characteristic of certain species that have distinct unisexual individuals, each producing either male or female gametes, either directly (in animals) or indirectly (in seed plants). Dioecious reproduction is biparental reproduction. Dioecy has costs, since only the female part of the population directly produces offspring. It is one method for excluding self-fertilization and promoting allogamy (outcrossing), and thus tends to reduce the expression of recessive deleterious mutations present in a population. Plants have several other methods of preventing self-fertilization including, for example, dichogamy, herkogamy, and self-incompatibility. In zoology In zoology, dioecy means that an animal is either male or female, in which case the synonym gonochory is more often used. Most animal species are gonochoric, almost all vertebrate species are gonochoric, and all bird and mammal species are gonochoric. Dioecy may also describe colonies ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Petiole (botany)
In botany, the petiole () is the stalk that attaches the leaf blade to the Plant stem, stem. It is able to twist the leaf to face the sun, producing a characteristic foliage arrangement (spacing of blades), and also optimizing its exposure to sunlight. Outgrowths appearing on each side of the petiole in some species are called stipules. The terms wikt:petiolate, petiolate and wikt:apetiolate, apetiolate are applied respectively to leaves with and without petioles. Description The petiole is a stalk that attaches a leaf to the plant stem. In petiolate leaves the leaf stalk may be long (as in the leaves of celery and rhubarb), or short (for example basil). When completely absent, the blade attaches directly to the stem and is said to be Sessility (botany), sessile or apetiolate. Subpetiolate leaves have an extremely short petiole, and may appear sessile. The broomrape family Orobanchaceae is an example of a family in which the leaves are always sessile. In some other plant group ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lennoaceae
Lennooideae is a subfamily of parasitic flowering plants of southwestern North America and northwestern South America. The relationships of this subfamily to other plants remain uncertain. It was traditionally treated at family rank as Lennoaceae, and placed in different orders by different authors, including Lamiales (in the Cronquist system) and Solanales ( Dahlgren system). More recently, molecular phylogenetic publications grouped it within the clade "Euasterids I", and most recently, it was demoted to a subfamily of the family Boraginaceae in the APG II system. This subfamily has a disjunct distribution, occurring in Colombia as well as a separate area in southwestern North America, covering parts of California, Arizona and Mexico. It consists of up to three genera, '' Ammobroma'', '' Lennoa'' and '' Pholisma'', which among them hold around five species, including the desert Christmas tree, '' Pholisma arenarium'', and sandfood, '' Pholisma sonorae''. Members of this subfa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hoplestigmataceae
''Hoplestigma'' is a genus of flowering plants in the family Boraginaceae, although this is disputed, and it has been placed in its own family Hoplestigmataceae. Its two species are native to Cameroon, Gabon, Ivory Coast and Liberia in western tropical Africa. Taxonomy The genus ''Hoplestigma'' was established by Jean Baptiste Louis Pierre in 1899. The genus name ''Hoplestigma'' is derived from the Greek , "a hoof or a cloven hoof" and ''stigma'', "a flower stigma". The botanical name is a reference to the deeply bifid style. The family placement of the genus has varied. It was traditionally included in Boraginaceae ''sensu lato'', as it was in the APG IV system, and by Plants of the World Online . A study of pollen in 1989 suggested that ''Hoplestigma'' might be related to the family Ehretiaceae (= Boraginaceae subfamily Ehretioideae). In a 2014 molecular phylogenetic study based on chloroplast DNA, ''Hoplestigma'' formed a strongly supported clade with '' Coldenia'' and g ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Heliotropiaceae
Heliotropiaceae are a cosmopolitan family of flowering plants with approximately 450 species worldwide, though it is concentrated especially in the tropics and subtropics. The following are the four genera in the family: * ''Heliotropium (''incl. ''Tournefortia'' L.) * '' Euploca'' Nutt. * '' Ixorhea'' Fenzl * '' Myriopus'' Small ''Ixorhea'' is sister to ''Euploca'' and ''Myriopus''. Together they form a clade sister to ''Heliotropium'', which comprises four major clades: ''Heliotropium'' sect. ''Heliothamnus'' I.M.Johnst., Old World ''Heliotropium'', ''Heliotropium'' sect. ''Cochranea'' (Miers) Post & Kuntze, and the ''Tournefortia''-clade, the latter comprising ''Tournefortia'' sect. ''Tournefortia'' and all remaining New World species of ''Heliotropium''. History Prior to a 2016 revision, Heliotropiaceae were considered a subfamily of the Boraginaceae: Heliotropioideae. Even before that, however, there was already some indication in the field that Heliotropiaceae deserved t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ehretiaceae
Ehretioideae is a subfamily of the flowering plant family Boraginaceae. Genera * '' Bourreria'' P.Browne * '' Cortesia'' Cav. * '' Ehretia'' P.Browne * '' Halgania'' Gaudich. * '' Ixorhea'' Fenzl * '' Lepidocordia'' Ducke * '' Menais'' Loefl. * '' Patagonula'' L. * '' Rochefortia'' Sw. * '' Rotula'' Lour. * ''Tiquilia ''Tiquilia'' is a genus of flowering plants in the borage family, Boraginaceae. The 28 species in this genus are known by the common name crinklemat. They are native to the Western Hemisphere and are mostly found in desert regions. Species 28 sp ...'' Pers. References Asterid subfamilies {{boraginaceae-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cordiaceae
Cordioideae is a subfamily of the flowering plant family Boraginaceae. Genera * '' Coldenia'' L. * ''Cordia ''Cordia'' is a genus of flowering plants in the borage family, Boraginaceae. It contains 228 species of shrubs and trees, that are found in tropical and subtropical regions worldwide. Many of the species are commonly called manjack, while may ...'' L. * '' Saccellium'' Humb. & Bonpl. References Asterid subfamilies {{Boraginaceae-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Coldeniaceae
''Coldenia'', named after C. Colden, is a monotypic genus of flowering plants traditionally included in the borage family, Boraginaceae ''sensu lato''. It was assigned to the subfamily Ehretioideae, but molecular data revealed it to be more closely related to the genus ''Cordia'', so that other authors placed in Cordioideae. Subsequently, it was placed in its own family, Coldeniaceae, within the Boraginales order Order, ORDER or Orders may refer to: * A socio-political or established or existing order, e.g. World order, Ancien Regime, Pax Britannica * Categorization, the process in which ideas and objects are recognized, differentiated, and understood ..., by the Boraginales Working Group. The sole species is ''Coldenia procumbens''. References Bibliography * Cordioideae Monotypic Boraginales genera Boraginaceae genera {{Boraginaceae-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
