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Artibonite (department)
Artibonite (; ) is one of the ten departments of Haiti located in central Haiti. With an area of 4,887 km2 it is Haiti's largest department. As of 2015, its estimated population was 1,727,524. The region is the country's main rice-growing area. The main cities are Gonaïves (the capital) and Saint-Marc. In February 2004 an National Revolutionary Front for the Liberation of Haiti, insurgency tried unsuccessfully to declare Artibonite's independence. Etymology The name L'Artibonite is derived from the Artibonite River, the longest river on Hispaniola. L'Artibonite is derived from the Taino ''ja'tibonicu'' meaning "Great High Place of the Sacred waters, Sacred Waters." Under Toussaint's administration of the island, the department was known as Toussaint's Department. History Taino Period During that period the actual department seats between the three casicas of Marien, Maguana, and Xaragua. The border between those chiefdoms is assumed to be the Artibonite River. Although ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Departments Of Haiti
In the administrative divisions of Haiti, the department (, ; ) is the first of four levels of government. Haiti is divided administratively into ten departments, which are further subdivided into 42 arrondissements, 145 communes, and 571 communal sections. In 2014, there was a proposal by the Chamber of Deputies to increase the number of departments from 10 to 14 —perhaps as high as 16. Administration Each departement has a departmental council (''conseil départemental'') compound of three members elected by the departmental assembly for a 4-year term. The departmental council is led by a president (''président''). The council is the executive organ of the department. Each department has a departmental assembly who assists the council in its work. The departmental assembly is the deliberative organ of the department. The members of the departmental assembly are also elected for 4 years. The departmental assembly is led by a president. History Three Departments ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dondon
Dondon () is a commune in the Saint-Raphaël Arrondissement, in the Nord Nord, a word meaning "north" in several European languages, may refer to: Acronyms * National Organization for Rare Disorders, an American nonprofit organization * New Orleans Recreation Department, New Orleans, Louisiana, US Film and televisi ... Departments of Haiti, department of Haiti. It has 25,846 inhabitants. Dondon is nicknamed "the city of caves" with numerous natural caves in the surrounding mountains. The most famous is the voûte-à-Minguet. Notable people * Louis Moreau-Lislet, jurist and translator * Vincent Ogé, Merchant, military officer, goldsmith and Haitian Revolution, revolutionary References External links Tarna Foundation Reforestation Farm Dondon Haiti Populated places in Nord (Haitian department) Communes of Haiti {{Haiti-geo-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Haitian Declaration Of Independence
The Haitian Declaration of Independence () was proclaimed on 1 January 1804 in the port city of Gonaïves by Jean-Jacques Dessalines, marking the end of 13-year long Haitian Revolution. The declaration marked Haiti becoming the first independent nation of Latin America and the Caribbean, only the second in the Americas after the United States. Notably, the Haitian declaration of independence signalled the culmination of the only successful slave revolution in history. Only two copies of the original printed version exist. Both of these were discovered by Julia Gaffield, a Duke University postgraduate student, in the UK National Archives in 2010 and 2011. They are currently held by The National Archives, Kew. The declaration itself is a three-part document. The longest section, "Le Général en Chef Au Peuple d’Hayti", which is known as the "proclamation," functions as a prologue. It has one signatory, Jean-Jacques Dessalines, the senior general and a former slave. Due to Dess ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Marie-Jeanne Lamartinière
Marie-Jeanne Lamartinière () was a Women in the Haitian Revolution, Haitian revolutionary, soldier, and nurse. Described as a Mulatto Haitians, Mulatto, she was raised on a plantation in Port-au-Prince. Marie-Jeanne received formal education before marrying , an officer of the Armée Indigène. In 1802, she fought alongside him and his army against French First Republic, French forces in the Battle of Crête-à-Pierrot. Her attire and weaponry were noted, and she was described as courageous. After a bombardment by the French, Marie-Jeanne retreated with Louis and his army, and after his death, she had relationships with two other army officers. Though little is known about Lamartinière, she is popular across Haiti and was printed on a postage stamp and coin. Biography Marie-Jeanne Lamartinière is described as a Mulatto Haitians, Mulatto and was born in Port-au-Prince. She was likely born to an Slavery in Africa, enslaved African woman and her white French master, though it ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Battle Of Crête-à-Pierrot
The Battle of Crête-à-Pierrot was a major battle of the Saint-Domingue expedition that took place between 2 March and 24 March 1802 as part of the expedition's efforts to retake the colony of Saint-Domingue from Black general Toussaint Louverture's control. The battle took place at the Crête-à-Pierrot fort ("Little Peter's Crest;" in Haitian Creole ''Lakrèt-a-Pyewo''), east of Saint-Marc on the valley of the Artibonite River. A French army of 2,000 men under Divisional-General Charles Leclerc blockaded the fort, which was defended by Black troops of Louverture's army under General Jean-Jacques Dessalines. The fort was strategically important as it controlled access to the Cahos Mountains. With their food and munitions supplies depleted, Dessalines's troops escaped the French blockade and escaped to the mountains. There, they forces killed numerous white colonists before regaining control of the Crête-à-Pierrot fort on 11 March. On 12 March, the French attempted to capt ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Saint-Domingue Expedition
The Saint-Domingue expedition was a large French military invasion sent by Napoleon Bonaparte, then French Consulate, First Consul, under his brother-in-law Charles Leclerc (general, born 1772), Charles Victor Emmanuel Leclerc in an attempt to regain French control of the Caribbean colony of Saint-Domingue on the island of Hispaniola, and curtail the measures of independence and abolition of slaves taken by the former slave Toussaint Louverture. It departed in December 1801 and, after initial success, ended in a French defeat at the Battle of Vertières and the departure of French troops in December 1803. The defeat forever ended Napoleon's dreams of a French empire in the West. Context The French Revolution led to serious social upheavals on Saint-Domingue, of which the most important was the St. Domingue Slave Revolt, slave revolt that led to the Abolitionism in France, abolition of slavery in 1793 by the civil commissioners Léger-Félicité Sonthonax, Sonthonax and Étienn ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Napoleon
Napoleon Bonaparte (born Napoleone di Buonaparte; 15 August 1769 – 5 May 1821), later known by his regnal name Napoleon I, was a French general and statesman who rose to prominence during the French Revolution and led Military career of Napoleon, a series of military campaigns across Europe during the French Revolutionary and Napoleonic Wars from 1796 to 1815. He led the French First Republic, French Republic as French Consulate, First Consul from 1799 to 1804, then ruled the First French Empire, French Empire as Emperor of the French from 1804 to 1814, and briefly again in 1815. He was King of Italy, King of Kingdom of Italy (Napoleonic), Italy from 1805 to 1814 and Protector of the Confederation of the Rhine, Protector of the Confederation of the Rhine from 1806 to 1813. Born on the island of Corsica to a family of Italian origin, Napoleon moved to mainland France in 1779 and was commissioned as an officer in the French Royal Army in 1785. He supported the French Rev ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Toussaint Louverture
François-Dominique Toussaint Louverture (, ) also known as Toussaint L'Ouverture or Toussaint Bréda (20 May 1743 – 7 April 1803), was a Haitian general and the most prominent leader of the Haitian Revolution. During his life, Louverture first fought and allied with Spanish forces against Saint-Domingue Royalists, then joined with Republican France, becoming Governor-General-for-life of Saint-Domingue, and lastly fought against Bonaparte's republican troops. As a revolutionary leader, Louverture displayed military and political acumen that helped transform the fledgling slave rebellion into a revolutionary movement. Along with Jean-Jacques Dessalines, Louverture is now known as one of the "Fathers of Haiti". Toussaint Louverture was born as a slave in the French colony of Saint-Domingue, now known as Haiti. He was a devout Catholic, and was manumitted as an ''affranchi'' (ex-slave) before the French Revolution, identifying as a Creole for the greater part of hi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jean-Jacques Dessalines
Jean-Jacques Dessalines (Haitian Creole: ''Jan-Jak Desalin''; ; 20 September 1758 – 17 October 1806) was the first Haitian Emperor, leader of the Haitian Revolution, and the first ruler of an independent First Empire of Haiti, Haiti under the Constitution of Haiti, 1805 constitution. Initially regarded as governor-general, Dessalines was later named Emperor of Haiti as Jacques I (1804–1806) by generals of the Haitian Revolutionary army and ruled in that capacity until being assassinated in 1806. He spearheaded the resistance against French rule of Saint-Domingue, and eventually became the architect of the 1804 Haitian Genocide, 1804 massacre of the remaining French residents of newly independent Haiti, including some supporters of the revolution. Alongside Toussaint Louverture, he has been referred to as one of the father of the nation, fathers of the nation of Haiti. Under the rule of Dessalines, Haiti became the first country in the Americas to permanently abolish slavery. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Haitian Revolution
The Haitian Revolution ( or ; ) was a successful insurrection by slave revolt, self-liberated slaves against French colonial rule in Saint-Domingue, now the sovereign state of Haiti. The revolution was the only known Slave rebellion, slave uprising in human history that led to the founding of a state which was both free from Slavery in the Americas, slavery (though not from forced labour) and ruled by non-whites and former captives. The revolt began on 22 August 1791, and ended in 1804 with the former colony's independence. It involved black, biracial, French, Spanish, British, and Polish participants—with the ex-slave Toussaint Louverture emerging as Haiti's most prominent general. The successful revolution was a defining moment in the history of the Atlantic World and the revolution's effects on the institution of slavery were felt throughout the Americas. The end of French rule and the Abolitionism, abolition of slavery in the former colony was followed by a successful de ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Saint-Domingue
Saint-Domingue () was a French colonization of the Americas, French colony in the western portion of the Caribbean island of Hispaniola, in the area of modern-day Haiti, from 1659 to 1803. The name derives from the Spanish main city on the island, Santo Domingo, which came to refer specifically to the Spanish-held Captaincy General of Santo Domingo, now the Dominican Republic. The borders between the two were fluid and changed over time until they were finally solidified in the Dominican War of Independence in 1844. The French had established themselves on the western portion of the islands of Hispaniola and Tortuga (Haiti), Tortuga thanks to the Devastations of Osorio. In the Treaty of Ryswick of 1697, Spain formally recognized French control of Tortuga Island and the western third of the island of Hispaniola. In 1791, slaves and some Saint-Domingue Creoles, Creoles took part in a Haitian Vodou, Vodou ceremony at Bois Caïman and planned the Haitian Revolution. The slave rebe ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Artibonite Valley
Artibonite Valley (French: ''Vallée de l'Artibonite'') is a valley predominantly in Haiti, on the island of Hispaniola. The Artibonite River flows through the valley, with headwaters in the Dominican Republic as well. The valley's watershed provides vital ecosystem services on which the socio-economic development of one of the poorest areas of the Dominican Republic and Haiti depends. These services have been adversely impacted by deforestation, inappropriate land use, and harmful agricultural practices, which cumulatively have resulted in severe land degradation Land degradation is a process where land becomes less healthy and productive due to a combination of Human impact on the environment, human activities or natural conditions. The causes for land degradation are numerous and complex. Human activitie ... and threats to water resources. [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
